Term
| All tissues use which fuel as the major fuel for energy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Glucose not immediately used for energy is first stored as? |
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Definition
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Term
| Excess dietary glucose (beyond energy need and reserve stores) in the liver is converted into what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The liver degrades amino acids into what products? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Urea is physiologically safe nitrogen formed as by product from the metabolism of nitrogen containing compounds. It is excreted by the kidneys |
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Term
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Definition
| Blood Urea Nitrogen. It is a measure of the amount of ammonia (as urea) in serum blood. |
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Term
| What is an abnormally elevated BUN indicative of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is abnormally depressed levels of BUN indicative of? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the name of the metabolic process in the liver resposible for the degradation of Amino Acids? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the first step of converting Glucose into ATP? |
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Definition
| Glycolysis, 10 enzymes are involved |
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Term
| What is the second step in converting glucose to ATP? |
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Definition
| Pyruvate decarboxylation. 3 enzyme step that predominantely features Pyruvate Dehydrogenase (PDH) |
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Term
| What is the third step in the conversion of Glucose to ATP? |
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Definition
| Krebs Cycle (Citric Acid cycle) |
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Term
| What sort of metabolic process do cells with no mitochondria use to generate energy? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the products of Anaerobic Glycolysis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the critical enzyme for conversion of Pyruvate into Lactate? |
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Definition
| Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) |
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Term
| How is the lactate product of Anaerobic metabolism handled by the body? |
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Definition
| Lactate is metabolized in the liver into pyruvate using LDH |
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Term
| What happens to ingested dietary triglycerides? |
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Definition
| Packaged in Chylomicrons and then sent to adipose tissue for processing |
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Term
| What is the process by which excess glucose is converted into Triglycerides in the liver? |
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Definition
| Excess glucose does not enter the krebs cycle but instead undergoes fatty acid synthesis and lipogenesis |
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Term
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Definition
| The process by which fatty acids are converted into triglycerides. Requires phosphorylated glycerol |
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Term
| How do lipoproteins (such as VLDL and Cholymicrons) traverse the cell membrane and enter adipose tissues? |
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Definition
| with the enzyme Lipoprotein lipase. This enzyme both works as a glycerol hydrolase and works with membrane transport proteins |
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Term
| Triglycerides produced from the liver are packaged in what? |
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Definition
| VLDL, very low density lipoproteins |
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Term
| Why must VLDL and Cholymicrons undergo lipogenesis in adipose tissue? |
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Definition
| The triglycerides in VLDL and Cholymicrons are converted into fatty acids by lipoprotein lipase |
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Term
| Where does the phosphorylated glycerol for lipogenesis in adipose tissue come from? |
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Definition
| Glycerol-P is generated during glycolysis in adipose tissue |
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Term
| Where does phosphorylated glycerol come from in Lipogenesis in the liver? |
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Definition
| Glycerol product from the action of lipoprotein lipase is uptaken and phosphorylated in the liver |
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Term
| What enzyme phosphorylated Glycerol in the liver? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process by which glucose is stored in livers and muscles? What is the product? |
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Definition
| The process is glycogenesis and the product is glycogen |
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Term
| What amino acids can not be degraded in the liver? What happens to them? |
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Definition
| Leu, Ile, and Val. This branched chain amino acids are degraded in muscles into Acetyl CoA (which then enters the Krebs cycle) |
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