Term
| The term schizophrenia was coined by what psychiatrist in 1908 |
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Definition
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Term
| Where was the term shizophrenia derived |
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Definition
| The greek word Schizo (split) phren (mind) |
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Term
| Many believe that schizophrenia is the result of combinations of what factors |
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Definition
| genetic predisposition, biochemical dysfunction, physiological factors, psychosocial stress |
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Term
| There is not and will not be an effective single treatment in the forseeable future to treat schizophrenia but what is effective now |
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Definition
| pharmcotherapy, various forms of psychosocial care (living skills, social skills training, rehab, family therapy) |
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Term
| What is the primary cause of death with patients with schizophrenia |
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Definition
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Term
| What percent of schizophrenia commit suicide? idealize about suicide, and attempt suicide? |
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Definition
10 succeed
40-50 idealize
20-50 attempt |
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Term
| when is the typical onset of schizophrenia and why is this crucial |
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Definition
| Typical onset is during adolescents and early adult hood, this is when individuals are just establishing enduring relationships and achieving a sense of self |
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Term
| How is schizophrenia different than alzheimers in respect to client history of health predating the disease |
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Definition
| Schizophrenic patients are unable to point to decades of health predating the onset of the disease |
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Term
| What are some things schizopatients have problems with after the onset of disease |
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Definition
| independent living and gainful employment |
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Term
| a severe mental condition in which there is disorganization of the personality, deterioration in social functioning, and loss of contact with, or distortion of reality. May be evidenced by hallucinations and delusional thinking. Can occur with or without the presence of organic impairment |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the lifetime prevalence of schizophrenia in the United States |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the 4 phases of pattern development in the schizophrenic |
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Definition
1. The premorbid phase
2. The prodromal phase
3. Schizophrenia
4. Residual phase |
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Term
| the premorbid personality often indicates _______? |
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Definition
| social maladjustment and social withdrawal, irritability, and antagonistic thoughts and behaviors. |
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Term
| Premorbid Personality and Behavoiral Measurements include______? |
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Definition
| being very shy, withdrawn, having poor peer relationships, doing poorly in school, demonstrating antisocial behavior |
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Term
| In the typical but not invariable premorbid history of schizophrenia personalities are characterized by |
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Definition
| quite, passive, introverted, as children they had few friends, adolescents may have had no close friends and no dates and may have avoided team sports, enjoy solitary activities to the exclusion of social activities |
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Term
| refers to signs and symptoms that precede the characteristic manifestations of the acute, fully developed illness |
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Definition
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Term
| What does someone notice or experience in the prodromal phase of schizophrenia |
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Definition
| substantial functional impairment, non specific symptoms such as sleep disturbance, anxiety, irritability, depressed mood, poor concentration, fatigue, and behavioral deficits such as deterioration in role functioning and social with draw |
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Term
| What appears in the late prodromal phase of schizophrenia |
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Definition
| Positive symptoms such as suspiciousness and herald teh imminent onset of psychosis |
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Term
| What is common in the active phase of schizophrenia |
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Definition
| psychotic symptoms are prominent |
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Term
| What is the diagnositc criteria for schizophrenia |
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Definition
1.characteristic symptoms
2.social/occupational dysfunction
3.Duration
4.Schizoaffective and mood disorder exclusion
5. Substance/general medical condition exclusion
6. relationship to a pervasive developmental disorder |
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Term
| For the characteristic symptoms: two or more of the following, each present for a significant portion of time during a 1 month period (or less if treated) |
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Definition
1. Delusions
2. Hallucinations
3. Disorganized speech
4. grossly disorganized or catatonic behavoir
5. Negative symptoms (affective flattening, alogia, or avolition |
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Term
| Social /Occupational dysfunction: For a significant portion of time since the onset one of the following areas are below the level of acheivement before the onset |
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Definition
| work, interpersonal relations, or self care |
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Term
| Duration: continuous signs of disturbance persist for at least ___and may include prodromal and residual periods signs and symptoms are manifested only by negative symptoms |
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Definition
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Term
| Schizoaffective and Mood Disorder exclusion |
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Definition
| schizoaffective and mood disorder psychotic features have been ruled out |
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Term
| Substance / General Medical Condition |
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Definition
| The disturbance is not due to substance abuse or general medical conditoin |
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Term
| Relationship to a pervasive developmental disorder |
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Definition
| If there is a history of autistic disorder or another pervasive developmental disorder, teh additional diagnosis of schizophrenia is made |
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Term
| What periods is schizophrenia characterized by |
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Definition
| remission and exacerbation |
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Term
| Describe the residual phase |
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Definition
| During the residual phase symptoms of teh acute stage are either absent or no longer prominent. Negative symptoms may remain, and flat affect and impairment in role functioning are common |
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Term
| Prognosis for schizofrenia |
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Definition
| a return to premorbid functioning is not common. |
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Term
| Is schizophrenia inherited? |
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Definition
| no biological marker has been found; howvever 1 percent general pop chance; 10% chance if you have a relative |
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Term
| Why do some environmental investigators beleieve that environmental factors may play a role in the etiologoy of schizophrenia |
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Definition
| because in about half of the cases only one of the pair of monozygototic twins develops chizofrenia so they believe it could be genetic and environmental |
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Term
| What study was done that may suggest eitology of schizophrenia as genetic |
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Definition
| Adoption studies; children born of mothers who were schizophrenic and adopted out had a higher rate of developing the disorder. and vise versa children born with no genetic history and reared by a schizophrenic had no higher chance |
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Term
| What is the Dopamine Hypothesis |
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Definition
| Manifestations of acute schizophrenia may be related to increased numbers of Dopamine receptors in the brain and respond to neuroleptic drugs that block these receptors. |
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Term
| Manifestations of acute shizophrenia may be related to _____but Manifestations of chronic schizophrenia may not be related to _________ |
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Definition
| numbers of dopamine receptors |
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Term
| What are some of the various biochemicals that have been implicated in the predisposition of schizophrenia |
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Definition
| norepinepherine, serotonin, acetylcholine, gamma-aminobutyric acid and the neuroregulators such as protaglandins and endorphins |
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Term
| What is the theory about the connection between viral infection and schizophrenia |
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Definition
| one study indicates that there is a higher incidence of schizophrenia after prenatal exposure to influenza |
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Term
| What were some brain abnormalities that were noted in the brains of schizophrenics |
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Definition
| Ventricular enlargement is the most consistant finding, sulci enlargement, and cerebellar atrophy |
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Term
| The influenza virus during pregnancy may also cause a disarray of what cells in the brain possibly causing schizophrenia |
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Definition
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Term
| What are some physical symptoms that may be linked to schizophrenia |
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Definition
| epilepsy, Huntingtons disease, birth trauma, head injury in adult hood, alcohol abuse, cerebral tumor, cerebrovascular accidents, systemic lupus erythmatosus, myxedema, parkinsonsism, and wilsons disease |
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Term
| What is the role of stress with schizophrenia |
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Definition
| It does not cause it but stress may contribute to the severity adn course of the illness. Extreme stress can precipitate psychotic episodes though. |
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Term
| How doe a stressful life affect a schizophrenic |
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Definition
| stressful life events may be associated with exacerbation of schizophrenic symptoms adn increased rates of relapse |
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Term
| What are some different types of schizophrenia |
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Definition
| Disorganized Schizophrenia, Catatonic Schizophrenia, Paranoid Schizophrenia, Undifferentiated Schizophrenia, residual Schizophrenia, Schizoaffective Disorder, Brief Psychotic Disorder, Schizophreniform disorder, Delusional Disorder, Shared Psychotic disorder, Psychotic Disorder due to a GMC, substance Induced Psychotic Disorder |
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Term
| This type of schiz onset is usual b4 age 25. Contact with reality is extremely poor. affect is flat or grossly inappropriate, often with siliness and gigling. Facial grimaces and crazy mannerisms are common. neglected appearance and impaired socialy |
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Definition
| Disorganized Schizophrenia |
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Term
| What is catatonic schizophrenia characterized by |
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Definition
| marked abnormalities in motor behavoir adn may be manifested in the form of supor and excitment |
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Term
| what is catatonic stupor characterized by |
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Definition
| extreme psychomotor retardation, decreased spontaneous movements, Mutism, and negativism, and waxy flexibility |
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Term
| this term describes a type of posturing or voluntary assumptoin of bizarre positions in which the individual may remain for long periods of timee |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| an apparently motiveless resistance to all instructions or attempts to be moved |
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Definition
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Term
| What is catatonic excitement characterized by |
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Definition
| state of extreme psychomotor agitation |
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Term
| is characterized by the pressence of delusions of persecution or grandeur adn auditory hallucinations related to a single theme |
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Definition
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Term
| What are characteristics of the paranoid schizophrenic |
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Definition
| individual is often tense, suspicious, and gaurded, and may be argumentative, hostile, and aggressive |
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Term
| What is the prognosis for the paranoid schizophrenic |
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Definition
| social impairment may be minimal and there is some evidence that prognosis with regard to occupational functioning and capacity for independent living is promising |
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Term
| When is the onset of schizophrenia |
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Definition
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Term
| If clients meet the criteria for more than one category of schizophrenia or none of the categories what diagnosis are they given |
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Definition
| Undifferentiated Schizophrenia |
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Term
| What is the diagnosis for someone who is clearly psychotic, there is evidence of delusions, hallucinations, incoherence and bizarre behavior but they cannot be easily classified into any of the diagnostic categories |
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Definition
| They are classified as Undifferentiated Schizoprhrenia |
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Term
| Occurs in a a person who has schizophrenia in the chronic form and this is the stage that follows an acute episode (prominent psychotic delusions, hallucinations, incoherence, bizzarre behavoir |
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Definition
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Term
| This disorder is manifested by schizophrenic behaviors, with a strong element of symptomatology associated with mood disorders |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the decisive factor in teh diagnosis of schizoaffective disorder |
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Definition
| The presence of characteristic schizophrenic symptoms. For example in addition to dysfunctional mood client has bizarre delusions, prominent hallucinations, incoherent speech, catatonic behvoir, etc |
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Term
| How long does a brief psychotic disorder last |
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Definition
| at least 1 day but less than 1 month |
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Term
| A sudden onset of psychotic symptoms that may or may not be preceeded by a severe psychosocial stressor |
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Definition
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Term
| What level of premorbid functioning can a person with a brief psychotic disorder obtain afterwards |
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Definition
| eventual ful return to premorbid functioning |
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Term
| What is the difference between schizophreniform disorder and schizophrenia |
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Definition
| They are identical except that duration is at least 1 month but less than 6 months for |
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Term
| A sudden onset of psychotic symptoms that may or may not be preceeded by a severe psychosocial stressor |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between schizophrenia and schizophreniform disorder |
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Definition
| They are identical except for schizophreniaform is at least 1 month but less than 6 months |
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Term
| Disorder that there is presence of one or more non bizarre delusions that persist for at least 1 month. If present at all, hallucinations are not prominent, and apart from the delusions, behavoir is not bizarre |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the subtype of the delusional disorder based on |
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Definition
| the predominant delusional theme |
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Term
| Type of delusion where the person believes that someone, usually of a higher status, is in love with them |
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Definition
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Term
| Type of delusion where the person has irrational ideas regarding their own worth, talent, knowledge, or power. They may beleive they have a special relationship with famous person or assume that identity |
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Definition
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Term
| Type of delusion that centers around the idea that the person partner is unfaithful |
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Definition
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Term
| This is the most common type of delusion |
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Definition
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Term
| type of delusion where the individuals believe they are being malevolently treated in some way |
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Definition
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Term
| Type of delusion where the individual believes that they have some physical defect, disorder, or disease |
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Definition
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Term
| This is a type of psychotic disorder that is a delusional system that develops in a second person as a result of a close relationship with another person who already has a psychotic disorder with prominent delusions. |
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Definition
| Shared Psychotic Disorder |
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Term
| What is another name for shared psychotic disorder |
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Definition
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Term
| clients in the acute phase of schizophrenia seldom able to give good history report so where can nurse draw information from |
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Definition
| family members, old records, other individuals who have been in a position to report on the progression of the clients behavoir |
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Term
| What do possitive symptoms of schizophrenia refect |
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Definition
| an excess or distortion of normal functions |
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Term
| What do negative symptoms of schizophrenia reflect |
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Definition
| diminution or loss of normal function |
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