How does anxiety effect a person?

• It can be persistent and disabling
• behaviors used to control anxiety can be rigid, repetitive, and ineffective
• It can interfere with a person's ability to function well in everyday life, in their job, and in social situation.

• Panic disorder
• generalized
• anxiety disorders
• Phobias
• Obsessive-compulsive disorder
• posttraumatic stress disorder

What is the most common form of psychiatric disorder in the United States

Women

Negative response can be unlearned through what type of therapy

Thinking and perceiving can be distorted and result in more anxiety or CBT can be used to challange thinking. what theory is this?

What are some panic disorders (PD)?

• Panic disorder without agrophobia
• Panic disorder with agrophobia

• Feels like a heart a ttack
• heart pounding
• palpitation
• chest pain
• increased respiraion
• panic levels of anxiety
• feeling helpless

Fear of public speaking or social situations

Type of phobias that deal with spiders, height, water, dogs, closed space.

• Doubt, need to check
• Sexual imagery or ideation
• Need for order or symmetry
• violent thoughts to hurt others
• Germs or dirt
• Hoarding of person objects
• Religious obsessions

• Numbing, detachment, absence of emotional responsiveness
• reduction in awareness of surroundings
• derealization ( unreality of the environment)
• depersonalization (self-estrangment)
• Dissociative amnesia ( Lack of memory)

• Excessive anxiety or worry about numours things that lasts for 6 months or longer. Worry is "out of proportion" "worry worts"
• Restlessness, fatigue, poor concentration, irrability, tension, sleep disturbance

• Event is persistently re-experienced
• Recurrent and intrusive dream or images of the event
• reliving the even through flashbacks, illusions, hallucinations
• persistent avoidance of stimuli associated with the trauma
• feeling detachment and estrangement from others decreased interest in usual things
• difficulty interpersonal social or occupational relationships

• Avoidance of people, places, and activites
• Inability to recall aspects of the trauma
• Increased arousal: hypervigilence irritability

• Recurrent and intrusive dreams or images from the event
• has hallucinations, illusions, or flashbacks
• Unable to sleep or stay asleep
• Difficulty in relationships

• Medication might help but have too many side effects
• It could harm career
• It could deny security clearance
• Family or friends would be more helpful than a mental health professional
• The belief that their coworkers would have less confidence in them if they found out.

• Increase and improve mental health system to deliver evidence base care
• Change policies to encourage more servicemembers and veterans to seek needed care
• Deliver evidence-based care in all settings
• Invest in research to close the knowledge gaps and plan effectively

1. Reduce anxiety: reassuring manners
2. Enhance coping: acceptance, encourage verbalization; dont' make impulsive decisions when under stress
3. Instill hope
4. Enhance self-esteem
5. Use relaxationThereapy: progressive relaxation, guided imagery, meditation*****

Anxiety disorders: Basic level nursing interventions

Counseling

Milieu therapy

Promotion of self-care activities

Psychobiological interventions (medications used are primarily SSRIs and TCAs ( anafranil and anxiolytics, benzodiazepine, buspar) TO calm

Health teaching

• Cognitive therapy - turn around thinking that is negative
• Behavioral therapy - systematic desnsitization; flooding; response prevention; thought stopping
• Cognitive-behavioral therapy: cognitive therapy plus psycho-education, breathing and muscle relaxation; self-monitoring

Selective seretonin reuptake inhibitors

Tricyclics (Anafranil) has too many side effects

monoamine oxidase inhibitors; Risk of hypertensive crisis

Sertonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRI: venlafaxifine/effexor)

Anxiolytics ( Benzodiazpines - short time use)

Antihistamine (adjunctive)