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Mental Health 1st Test
n/a
22
Health Care
Undergraduate 2
11/16/2008

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Cards

Term
Typical Antipsychotics
Definition
Neuroleptics (anticholinergic): seize the neuron, blocking the effects of dopamine w/many side effects (dirty drugs). Generally, they treat the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. Thorazine (low potency, may drop BP, 100 mg dose, sedative side fx). Haldol (high potency, EPS, every year on it the % chance of developing TD increases by 5%.) Prolixim (high potency, EPS).
Term
Atypical Antipsychotics
Definition
In high doses, similar in side fx to typicals. 6-8mg/day. Treat positive and some negatives better than the typicals. Clozapine (clozaril, wbc's weekly (can cause agranulocytosis), a last resort med). Risperidone (risperdal, $$, wt gain.)
Zyprexa (olanzipine, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes). Seroquel (Quetiapine, sedative). Ziprasidone (Geodan, prolongs QT). Aripiprazole (ablify).
Term
EPS
Definition
Resting tremors. Usually @ a change in meds OR first dose. Dystonia (sustained muscle contractions can cause twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal postures)(can be treated with cogentin and benadryl injections). Acathesia (can't sit still). Pleurofacis (mask face). Tartive Dyskenisia and Chorea. the AIMS test screens for TD.
Term
Positive symptoms of Schizophrenia
Definition
Delusions. Halucinations. Bizarre behavior. Things you have you wish you didn't.
Term
Negative Symptoms of Schizophrenia
Definition
4 A's. (Avolition (no will), Abulia (can't make a plan), Anhedonia (inability to enjoy pleasure), Ambivalent (unable to make a decision). Flat affect. Things that are missing that you wish you had.
Term
Cerebrum.
Definition
Part of forebrain. (right/left hemispheres, 4 lobes)
Term
Basal Ganglia
Definition
Part of the forebrain that modulates mood behavior, appropriate muscle tone, and posture.
Term
Diencephalon
Definition
Part of the forebrain. Connects the cerebrum with the lower brain structures. Contains the 4 Fs (fighting, fornicating, feeding, fleeing).
Term
Limbic System
Definition
Part of the Diencephalon. The Bagel or emotional brain.
Term
Midbrain
Definition
aka mesencephalon, responsible for visual, auditory, and balance reflexes. Substantia Nigra produces dopamine in this area.
Term
Hindbrain, or Brain Stem
Definition
Pons: regulates respiratory and muscle tone.
Medulla: regulates HR and BP
Cerebellum: muscle tone and coordination
Term
CNS
Definition
Composed of neurons. Cell bodies contain nuclei. Axons transmits messages to the next cell. Dendrites receive messages from cells.
Term
Types of neurons
Definition
Afferent (sensory)
Efferent (motor)
Interneurons in the CNS.
Term
Synapses
Definition
Junction between neurons. Synaptic cleft is the space between neurons. Presynaptic neuron: area of axon where neurotransmitters are stored. Postsynaptic neuron: area of dendrite where receptor sites are located.
Term
Acetylcholine (Cholinergic)
Definition
Involved in sleep, arousal, movement, MEMORY.
Term
Norepinephrine (Monoamine)
Definition
mood, cognition, perception, location, cardiovascular functioning, sleep, arousal.
Term
Dopamine (monoamine)
Definition
movement, coordination, emotinos, voluntary judgement, release of prolactin, and emotional arousal, BUT inhibitory in basal ganglia.
Term
Serotonin (Monoamine)
Definition
sleep, arousal, libido, appetite, mood, aggression, pain perception, coordination and judgement.
Term
Histamine (monoamine)
Definition
Unk influence on mood.
Term
GABA (Amino Acid)
Definition
calming effect. an inhibitor neurotransmitter.
Term
Neuropeptides
Definition
Endorphins and enkephlins modulate pain and reduce peristalsis. 'natural opiates'
Term
Hypothalmus
Definition
direct control of the pituitary gland. the master gland. TSH, ACTH, melatonin.
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