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Definition
| The study of how traits are passed from one generation to the next |
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Definition
| An inheritable characteristic of an organism |
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Definition
| Different versions of the same trait: blue or brown eye color |
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Definition
| A allele that is always expressed, it can hide a recessive trait |
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Term
| How is a dominant allele represented? |
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Definition
| With a capital letter: A or B |
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Term
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Definition
| An allele that can be hidden by a dominant allele; it is only seen when it is the only version of the trait present |
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| How is a recessive allele represented? |
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Definition
| With a lower case letter; like a or b |
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Definition
| Two copies of the same allele: AA or aa |
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Definition
| An organisms with two different alleles for a trait or gene; Aa |
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Definition
| A segment of DNA that codes for a protein; it is responsible for producing a trait, a characteristic that we can see or measure |
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Definition
| What your genes or letter combinations are: AA or Aa or aa |
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Definition
| The physical appearance produced by the expression of your genes; ex: brown eyes or blue eyes |
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Term
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Definition
| Father of modern genetics |
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Term
| Mendel's Law of Segregation |
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Definition
| The two alleles that determine each trait in a diploid organism will separate during meiosis and gamete formation |
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Term
| Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment |
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Definition
| When two or more genes on different chromosomes separate during meiosis and gamete formation, they will separate independently |
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Definition
| Another term for a heterozygous organism |
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Definition
| A device used to determine all possible outcomes from a genetic cross |
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Term
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Definition
| A cross that looks at the inheritance of one gene or trait |
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Term
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Definition
| A cross that looks at the inheritance of two different traits or genes |
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Term
| What are the products of the cross AA x aa? |
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Definition
| All offspring will be Aa or heterozygous. |
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| What are the products of Aa x Aa? |
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Definition
| 25% will be AA, 50% will be Aa, and 25% will be aa. |
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Term
| How do we determine the gamete combinations in a dihybrid cross? |
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Definition
| Using the FOIL method; first, outer, inner last |
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Term
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Definition
| A chart that shows relationships in a family and follows the movement of a trait or gene from one generation to the next |
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Term
| How do we represent a man in a pedigree chart? |
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Definition
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Term
| How do we represent a woman in a pedigree chart? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can you recognize a dominant trait in a pedigree chart? |
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Definition
| Members of every generation will have the trait |
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Term
| How can you recognize a recessive trait in a pedigree chart? |
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Definition
| The trait will skip a generation, since two heterozygotes (who don't show the trait) can have a child with the trait |
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Term
| How many different gamete can be formed by an organism who is heterozygous for two genes: AaBb |
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Definition
| Four different alleles: AB, Ab, aB, ab |
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Term
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Definition
| A way to determine all possible gametes in a dihybrid cross: first, outer, inner, last pair of alleles |
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