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Definition
| the retention of info over time |
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| the idea that memory can serve us well and can be a problem |
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| remembered every single instant of her life.. considered it both a gift and a curse called hyperthymestic |
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| Kim Peek has a lower than average IQ, but an incredible memory both mentally retarded and genius |
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| people can be convinced of something that happened that is an entirely false memory and of nonexistent personalities |
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| suggestive memory techniques |
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Definition
| ways in which psychologists may help a patient remember early memories; often create recollections of things that never happened |
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Definition
a false but subjectively compelling memory
EX> remembering a word on a list that really isn't there, but is associated with the rest of the list |
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| the reconstructive nature of memory |
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Definition
we often reconstruct memories more than what we reproduce them
EX> picturing ourselves from an outside perspective is a reconstruction |
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Term
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Definition
sensory memory, short-term memory, long-term memory
have to do with span and duration which are how much info a system can hold and for how long it can hold it |
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Term
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Definition
a very brief almost instantaneous storage of perceptual info before passed to short-term memory
iconic- visual echoic- auditory |
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Term
| short-term memory/ working memory |
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Definition
| duration: <20 sec span: magic # (7 plus or minus 2) |
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Definition
| short term memories fade away/ memories interfere with one another eventually forgetting some of them |
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learning something new will hamper the earlier learning
EX> learning a new language will make you mess up a language you previously learned |
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Definition
earlier learning gets in the way of new learning
EX> having a hard time learning raquetball because you already know tennis |
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Definition
| a way of improving short-term memory by means of organizing information into groups-- this increases span |
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Term
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Definition
| way of improving short-term memory by repeating info mentally or out loud |
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Term
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Definition
| repeating stimuli in original form EX> learning a phone number by repeating it |
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Definition
| increasing duration by elaborating on idea or linking it to something else in order to remember it |
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| level-of-processing model |
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Definition
| the more we change information into our own words, the better we can remember it |
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Definition
| permanent storage of information |
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Definition
| type of LTM that appears permanent |
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Definition
| tendency to remember things at beginning of a list |
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Definition
| tendency to remember things at the end of a list |
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Definition
| tendency to remember something that stands out and is different than the rest of list |
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Term
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Definition
| curve that depicts the effects of both primacy and recency on ability to recall words on a list |
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Term
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Definition
| process of recalling information intentionally |
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Definition
| process of recalling information automatically or without consciously recalling it |
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| knowledge of events in our lives |
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Definition
| motor skills and habits.. know how to do ___ |
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Definition
| our ability to identify a stimulus more easily or more quickly when we previously encountered similar stimuli |
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Definition
| a form of learning where we are condition to respond a certain way to a stimulus by associating with an UCS and UCR |
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Term
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Definition
| encoding-getting information into memory, storage- the process of keeping information in memory, and retrieval-reactivation or reconstruction of experiences from our memory stores |
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Definition
| organized mental model that we have in our memory; equip us wth frames of refernece to evaluate new situations |
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Definition
| more likely to remember something when when the conditions present at the time we encoded it are also present when we recall it |
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| context-dependent learning |
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Definition
| taking a test in your own classroom |
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Definition
| only finding certain items when drunk |
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Definition
| physical traces of memory in the brain |
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Definition
| gradual strengthening of connections among neurons from repetitive stimulation over time |
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| lose some memories of our past |
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| lose the capacity to form new memories |
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| case studies of amnesia, where hippocampus was removed or impaired and explicit memory was lost but implicit is still in tact |
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| amygdala and emotional memory |
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Definition
| where the emotional components of those governing fear are stored |
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| knowledge about memory abilities and limitations |
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| the inability of adults to retrieve any memory from an early age |
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| emotional memories that seem so vivid and clear that people seem to recall them in photographic detail |
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Definition
| ability to identify origins of a memory |
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Definition
| when we mistakenly forget that one of "our" memories actually originated from someone elses |
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Term
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Definition
| creation of a fictitious memories by providing misleading information of an event after it takes place |
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Definition
| mistakenly identifying culprits-- has happened many times, try to improve this with simultaneous lineup |
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Term
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Definition
| Suggestibility, misattribution, bias, transience, persistence, blocking, absentmindedness |
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