Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A diuretic used to treat hypertension |
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Term
| What are side effects of diuretics? |
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Definition
| Hypotension,hypokalemia, constipation, dehyration |
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Term
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Definition
| Insufficient rbc count or lack of hemoglobin |
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Term
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Definition
| headache, palpations, dyspnea, brittle nails, sore tongue, pallor, fatigue, dizziness, faintness |
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Term
| What are different types of anemia? |
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Definition
| nutritional, bone marrow suppression, pernicious from faulty absorption, blood loss |
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Term
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Definition
| Inherited hemolytic anemia |
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Term
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Definition
| CBC and differential cell counts |
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Term
| What are things used to treat anemia? |
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Definition
| Replacement of missing vitamin or mineral, diet adjustment. If serious blood transfusion or IV iron |
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Term
| What amount of blood loss can cause hypovolemic shock in a normal healthy adult? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is blood cell hemolysis? |
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Definition
| Destruction of red blood cells |
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Term
| WHat does erythropoietin do? |
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Definition
| Stimulate the creation of red blood cells |
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Term
| Where are red blood cells, white blood cells and platelets made? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are normal hemoglobin levels? |
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Definition
| In women 12-15.5. In men 13.5-17.5 |
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Term
| What hemoglobin level would require a blood transfusion? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| An inherited x linked disorder which a causes a deficiency in clotting factors |
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Term
| What clotting factor is affected in classic hemophilia? |
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Definition
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Term
| What clotting factor is affected in Hemophilia B? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is hemophilia characterized by? |
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Definition
| A delay in coagulation causing prolonged and excessive bleeding |
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Term
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Definition
| Bleeding into the joints causing pain, swelling and limited movement |
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Term
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Definition
| It is a plasma expander, it replenishes blood volume quickly |
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Term
| What can you do to assist clotting along with administering clotting factor? |
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Definition
| Raise afflicted body part and applying cold packs |
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Term
| What are hemophiliacs at risk for? |
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Definition
| Severe bleeding, hemarthrosis, intracranial bleeding |
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Term
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Definition
| A synthetic form of vasopressin given to stimulate production of factor VIII and Von Willebrand factor |
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Term
| What is the priority nursing action for a patient with hemophilia who is undergoing a dental procedure tomorrow? |
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Definition
| Giving prescribed prophylactic clotting factor treatments |
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Term
| The student nurse is studying the hematologic system. The student is correct when listing which element(s) as being necessary for erythropoiesis to occur? |
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Definition
| Iron, folic acid, vitamin c and B12 |
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Term
| A patient who is to receive vitamin B12 injections for treatment of pernicious anemia asks the nurse how long she will have to receive these injections. Which response by the nurse is correct? |
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Definition
| You will need this injection for the rest of your life |
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Term
| The nurse is preparing to administer an injection to a patient with a blood dyscrasia. To prevent bruising, how long should the nurse apply pressure to the injection site after administering the injection? |
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Definition
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Term
| The nurse reviews the complete blood count results of a patient receiving chemotherapy and notes a platelet count of 100,000/mm3 of blood. The nurse is aware that this result indicates which condition? |
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Definition
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Term
| The patient with anemia asks the nurse why her doctor has prescribed an iron preparation for her. Which response by the nurse is most accurate? |
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Definition
| “The iron will help your body manufacture hemoglobin.” |
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Term
| When studying the various types of cells, the student nurse correctly identifies which cells as providing cellular immunity? |
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Definition
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Term
| The nurse is preparing to care for a patient with sickle cell anemia. The nurse knows which statement(s) is(are) true of sickle cell anemia? |
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Definition
| It is hereditary and it is the result of abnormal hemoglobin |
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Term
| A patient has severe anemia and is given a blood transfusion. Which symptom should the LPN/LVN report immediately if it occurs during the transfusion? |
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Definition
| Pain in the lower back and fever |
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Term
| The nurse is caring for a patient receiving chemotherapy as a treatment for his leukemia and notes an increase in uric acid level in his laboratory results. What intervention should the nurse include in this patient’s plan of care? |
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Definition
| Maintain adequate hydration |
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Term
| A patient with leukemia is complaining of a headache. What does the nurse suspect may be occurring with this patient? |
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Definition
| Abnormal white cells have infiltrated the central nervous system |
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Term
| The nurse is planning care for the patient hospitalized with sickle cell crisis. What is the priority nursing intervention? |
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Definition
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Term
| A 36-year-old mail carrier with a history of anemia tells the nurse she made an appointment with her physician because she has “been having trouble getting through the day lately.” What symptom would you expect the patient to report? |
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Definition
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Term
| The husband of the patient with leukemia states, “The physician just told me the chemo didn’t work and there’s nothing left to try. That means my wife is going to die.” What is the nurse’s best response? |
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Definition
| That must have been very hard for you |
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Term
| The nurse is caring for a patient with sepsis who begins bleeding around his intravenous (IV) site. The bleeding continues despite pressure being applied to the site. What disorder should the nurse suspect is causing the bleeding? |
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Definition
| Disseminated intravascular coagulation |
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Term
| A 56-year-old man was recently diagnosed with multiple myeloma. Which diagnostic procedure will the nurse most likely have performed initially? |
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Definition
| Obtaining complete blood count with differential and Bence-Jones protein levels in the urine |
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Term
| The nurse is providing patient teaching for a patient with thrombocytopenia. What should the nurse advise the patient to avoid? |
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Definition
| aspirin, contact sports, anticoagulants, nsaids |
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Term
| What is polycythemia vera? |
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Definition
| Disease characterized by too many red blood cells and is considered a neoplastic disorder |
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Term
| What are s/s and of polycythemia vera? |
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Definition
| Red skin, purple/deep red lips, fatigue, weakness, enlarged spleen, congested liver, excessive bleeding, headache |
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Term
| What is genetic testing for the mutation of JAK2V617F for? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are treatments for polycythemia vera? |
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Definition
| Reducing number of rbcs, radiation, chemotherapy, blood removal |
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Term
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Definition
| A form of anemia that is acquired from a virus, a drug or inherited that causes bone marrow depression. |
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Term
| What blood factors are affected by aplastic anemia? |
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Definition
| Platelets, red blood cells and white blood cells |
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Term
| What can exposure to these toxins cause: sulfa drugs, radiation, chemotherapy, certain anticonvulsants, etc.? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the treatment of choice for aplastic anemia in those younger than 45? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the priority nursing intervention for a patient with aplastic anemia? |
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Definition
| Preventing hemorrhage and infection |
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Term
| What chemical is toxic to bonemarrow and is found in unleaded gas? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Cancer of white blood cells |
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Term
| At what number leukocyte would blood have a milky white appearance? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who is most at risk of developing acute lymphocytic leukemia? |
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Definition
| People with an abnormal number of chromosomes and chromosomal translocations |
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Term
| What are the three major effects of leukemia? |
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Definition
| Increased number of immature abnormal leukocytes, accumulation of these cells in lymph nodes and other organs, infiltration of malignant cells throughout organs of the body |
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Term
| What are s/s of leukemia? |
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Definition
| Usually asymptomatic but may have persistent infections, nose bleeds, weight loss, easy bruising, bone pain, enlarged spleen or thrombosis |
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Term
| How is leukemia diagnosed? |
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Definition
| CBC with differential and bone marrow studies to rule out other disorders |
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Term
| What is a side effect of chemotherapy? |
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Definition
| Increased uric acid levels |
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Term
| What is multiple myeloma? |
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Definition
| Disease in which neoplastic plasma cells infiltrate the bone marrow and destroy the bone |
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Term
| Who is most at risk for multiple myeloma? |
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Definition
| 65 year old african american male farmer with a history of benzene exposure |
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Term
| What are s/s of multiple myeloma? |
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Definition
| Backache, bone pain, bone fractures, severe pain that worsens with movement |
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Term
| How is multiple myeloma diagnosed? |
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Definition
| Xray, bone marrow biopsy, blood and urine tests |
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Term
| What is a diagnostic sign of multiple myeloma? |
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Definition
| Presence of Bence-Jones proteins |
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Term
| What is the treatment for multiple myeloma? |
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Definition
| Chemotherapy or pallative radiation |
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Term
| What is a priority nursing concern for the patient with multiple myeloma in the hospital? |
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Definition
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Term
| What often develops as a result of multiple myeloma? |
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Definition
| Hypercalcemia and osteoporosis |
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Term
| What is arteriosclerosis? |
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Definition
| Hardening of the walls of arteries |
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Term
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Definition
| Build up of plaque in the arteries |
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Term
| The nurse is caring for a patient following an angiogram. Which action should the nurse include in the patient’s care? |
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Definition
| Assess for allergies to radiopaque dye |
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Term
| The nurse is preparing to implement a teaching plan for a patient with mild hypertension. What should be included in the plan for this patient? |
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Definition
| Controlling stress, controlling weight, sodium restricted diet and monitoring and keeping cholesterol level normal |
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Term
| When performing a cardiovascular assessment, which action should the LPN/LVN take? |
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Definition
| Assess the patient’s apical pulse rate and rhythm, noting the presence of pulse deficit. |
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Term
| When a patient returns to the unit after a cardiac catheterization, which nursing intervention should immediately follow taking vital signs? |
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Definition
| Assessing peripheral pulses |
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Term
| The home care nurse is teaching the patient how to best monitor his edema. What is the best method for a patient at home to monitor his peripheral edema? |
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Definition
| Taking daily weight measurements |
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Term
| The patient who is scheduled for a nuclear (thallium) imaging scan asks the nurse about the purpose of this test. Which response by the LPN/LVN is correct? |
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Definition
| This test evaluates blood flow in various parts of the heart |
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Term
| When a patient has altered tissue perfusion, which intervention should be included in the patient’s care? |
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Definition
| Instruct the patient to avoid extremes of temperature. |
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Term
| The nurse is providing education to a patient in the clinic for his annual examination on cardiovascular health. Which of these factors, if present in the patient’s history, are most closely related to the development of arteriosclerosis? |
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Definition
| The patient has diabetes mellitus. |
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Term
| A patient is scheduled for cardiac catheterization this morning. Before the procedure can be started, what must be accomplished? |
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Definition
| Assess renal status, assess allergy status especially iodine, physician must obtain consent form |
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Term
| The nurse is assessing a patient who states he has been diagnosed with intermittent claudication. The nurse anticipates that the patient’s cramping pain will be brought on by what activity or position? |
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Definition
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Term
| The nurse is caring for a patient recently diagnosed with peripheral arterial disease. Which activities should the nurse educate the patient to avoid? |
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Definition
| Elevating the legs, wearing constrictive clothing, cold room temperatures |
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Term
| The patient has recently been diagnosed with varicose veins and states, “I really don’t understand what varicose veins are.” Which response by the nurse most accurately describes varicose veins? |
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Definition
| Varicose veins are veins that are enlarged and engorged with blood |
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Term
| Which of these complaints, if made by a 58-year-old man, may reflect a symptom of hypertension? |
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Definition
| My vision is a little blurry |
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Term
| A patient complains of burning and numbness in her hands and states that “they turn really red” if she is in an air-conditioned environment for too long. The nurse would anticipate which diagnosis? |
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Definition
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Term
| A 46-year-old patient has been diagnosed with hypertension. His resting blood pressure (BP) is 180/100 mm Hg. His physician has ordered an electrocardiogram, chest x-ray, urinalysis, and renal function studies. He asks the nurse, “Why are all these tests necessary?” Which is the best response by the nurse? |
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Definition
| These tests can determine changes in your kidneys that can cause hypertension. |
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Term
| A patient has been diagnosed with mild hypertension. Which intervention(s) will likely be included in his plan of care? |
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Definition
| Controlling his weight, sodium restricting diet, incorporating exercise into daily routine, controlling stress |
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Term
| A patient with varicose veins wears elastic support hose. The nurse knows these stockings serve which purpose? |
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Definition
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Term
| When planning a home care program for the patient with peripheral vascular disease, which suggestion by the LPN/LVN would be most helpful to the patient if approved by the physician? |
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Definition
| Begin an exercise program of walking or swimming |
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Term
| The nurse is assessing a patient who is 2 days postoperative from hip replacement surgery. During the assessment, which signs and symptoms would alert the nurse to the possibility that the patient has developed thrombophlebitis in the right calf? |
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Definition
| he patient has swelling, redness, and warmth of the affected extremity. |
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Term
| For a patient with a clinical finding of leukocytosis the nurse should? |
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Definition
| Anticipate a prescription for antibiotics |
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Term
| Which clinical findings would are relative to the hematological process would be associated with the aging process? |
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Definition
| Decreased antibody build up from flu immunization and increased coaguability which predisposes to clots |
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Term
| A patient is told that her hematocrit is very low, what symptoms would you expect the patient to report? |
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Definition
| Fatigue related to reduced oxygen transport |
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Term
| A patient works in a chemical plant. Why does he wear protective equipment when handling chemicals and avoids coming into contact with radiation? |
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Definition
| To decrease the risk for blood disorders |
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Term
| A patient displays characteristic purple spots and patches. This assessment is finding is called ______ and is often caused by ______. |
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Definition
| Thrombocytopenic purpura, platelet deficiency |
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Term
| A nurse formulates the following expected outcome for a patient admitted with hemarthrosis. What would be the most appropriate nursing intervention? |
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Definition
| Handle patient gently, protecting joints |
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Term
| A nurse initiates nuetropenic precautions for a patient who has undergone chemotherapy. Which nursing actions would be appropriate? |
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Definition
| Use transmission based isolation precautions and maintain integrity of skin and mucosa |
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Term
| To confirm the diagnosis of pernicious anemia, a patient undergoes a Schilling test. What does this test involve? |
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Definition
| Dose of radioactive vitamin B12, injection of B12 and 24 hour urine collection |
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Term
| A patient who has had gastric bypass has a decreased red blood cell count. The nurse suspects that the anemia related to? |
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Definition
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Term
| A nurse who finds a profusely bleeding abdominal wound should anticipate signs and symptoms of profuse blood loss? |
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Definition
| Rapid weak pulse, cold clammy skin, decreased blood pressure |
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Term
| A patient is prescribed Feosol for mild anemia. Which statement indicates need for further teaching? |
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Definition
| I should take the medication with milk |
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Term
| Which statements regarding leukemia are true regarding fatigue? |
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Definition
| The fatigue can put you at risk for increased falling and because most patients with leukemia are already over 60 they are already at an increased risk and the fatigue could put you at risk for falling asleep while driving |
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Term
| Upon finding blood in the urine and feces after multiple injuries, what lab result would support the nurses suspicion of DIC? |
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Definition
| Increased activated partial thrombin time |
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Term
| A patient with multiple myeloma display which signs and symptoms on assessment? |
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Definition
| Bone pain and a positive Bence-Jones protein test |
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Term
| After the first few minutes of a RBC transfusion, a patient has a temp of 101.5, HR of 120, BP of 90/50 and lower back pain. Which is the priority nursing intervention? |
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Definition
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Term
| A patient who has undergone chemotherapy, a bone marrow transplant and total body irradiation should wait how many weeks to stop with transmission based precautions? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which statements regarding drug use are and the risk of cardiac disease are true? |
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Definition
| Sudden cardiac death is associated with cocaine, cigarette smoking contributes heavily to heart disease, meth can cause myocardial infarction |
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Term
| The ankle-brachial index test is ordered for a patient experiencing signs of peripheral artery disease. Which patient statement indicates further teaching about the test needs to occur? |
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Definition
| My brachial and pedal pulses will be checked and compared |
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Term
| During initial assessment of an older adult, the nurse finds that the skin appears smooth, shiny and thinned with little to no hair on the surface. Which nursing diagnosis should be on the care plan? |
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Definition
| Altered peripheral tissue perfusion |
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Term
| When providing care for a patient with cardiac disease the nurse understands that the patient is at risk for alteration in cardiac output. Which of the following has the most potential to affect cardiac output? |
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Definition
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Term
| A nurse assess an 83 year old patient and finds a diastolic heart murmur on auscultation of the heart. The priority action for the nurse should be to? |
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Definition
| Document the finding in the chart |
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Term
| A 40 year old woman complains of leg pains that are associated with fullness during walking. She describes itching on the lower leg and has a twisted-appearing swelling in her legs. The patient most likely will be treated for? |
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Definition
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Term
| A nurse reinforces discharge instructions to a patient with chronic venous insufficiency. Which instructions should be included? |
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Definition
| Take low dose aspirin daily, consider swimming, avoid wearing tight clothing, reapply wraps in afternoon, elevate legs as much as possible |
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Term
| If a patient complains of intermittent claudication, the nurse would expect to see which clinical finding? |
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Definition
| Rubor when legs are dependent |
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Term
| A patient is started on an antihypertensive medications. Which statement indicates effectiveness of teaching? |
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Definition
| Sudden changes in position may cause dizziness |
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Term
| The nurse is receiving a patient who had angioplasty stenting of his right femoral artery. Which nursing intervention would take priority in the immediate postoperative period? |
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Definition
| Checking right pedal pulses |
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Term
| The nurse is reinforcing instructions to an older adult woman who doesn't speak her language and is legally blind. What is the best nursing action? |
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Definition
| Use a certified translator to reinforce instructions |
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Term
| A 54 year old man complains of pain when walking and numbness of his lower extremities. The nurse notes both extremities are pale and cool to the touch. The highest priority nursing diagnosis would be? |
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Definition
| Altered peripheral tissue perfusion |
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Term
| A patient with PAD is prescribed a daily dose of aspirin. The nurse accurately explains the prescription by stating? |
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Definition
| Aspirin helps prevent blood clot formation |
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Term
| What is intermittent claudication? |
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Definition
| Cramping pain in the leg induced by exercise, typically caused by obstruction of the arteries |
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Term
| What is peripheral artery disease? |
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Definition
| A circulatory condition in which fatty deposits and calcium builds up in the walls of arteries reducing blood flow to the limbs |
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