Also known as crepitus, is the grating sound heard when the ends of a broken bone move together

Low-exposure radiographic measurement of the spine and hips to measure bone density

closed fracture

(simple fracture)

greenstick fracture

(incomplete)

an overuse injury, is a small crack in the bone that often develops from chronic, excessive impact

forms when a long bone is fractured and fat cells from yellow bone marrow are released into the blood

Hallux Valgus

(bunion)

• a fracture in which the bone has been twisted apart
• This type of fracture occurs as the result of a severe twisting motion such as in a sports injury

The natural process of bone formation

compact bone

(cortical bone)

Spongy porous bone, lighter and weaker than compact bone, holds red bone marrow.

• The central cavity located in the shaft of long bones
• Surrounded by compact bone
• Stores red and yellow bone marrow

• Smooth, rubbery, blue-white connective tissue
• Acts as a shock absorber between joints
• Makes up flexible parts of the skeleton

• Covers where the surface of bones come together
• Makes joint movements smooth
• Protects bones from rubbing together

• Wider ends of the long bones
• Covered with articular cartilage

Normal projection on the surface of a bone that most commonly serves as an attachment for a muscle or tendon.

• Consists of flexible layers of dense connective tissue
• Holds bones tightly together
• Known as sutures in adults and do not allow movement
• Newborns and young children are moveable

• Allow only slight movement
• Consist of bones connected entierly by cartilage

• Created where two bones come together to permit a variety of motions
• Ball and socket joint ( hips, shoulders)
• Hinge joints ( knees, elbows)

• The outermost layer of strong fibrous tissue
• Resembles a sleeve as it surrounds the joint

• Protects the major organs of the nervous, respiratory, and circulatory systems
• Consists of 80 bone

• Makes body movement possible and also protects the organs of digestion, excretion, and reproduction
• Consists of 126 bones

• Made up of 8 bones, protects the brain
• Cranial bones are joined by jagged fibrous joints referred to as sutures

• Frontal bone - anterior, forms the forehead
• Parietal bone - roof and upper sides of the skull
• Occipital bone - back part of skull and base
• Temporal bone x2 - sides and base of the cranium
• External auditory meatus - the opening of the external auditory canal of the outer ear
• Sphenoid bone - irregular wedge-shaped bone at the base of the skull
• Ethmoid bone - light spongy bones located at the roof and sides of the nose

Three tiny bones located in each middle ear

malleus, incus, and stapes

• Nasal bones x2- upper part of the bridge of the nose
• Zygomatic bones x2 - cheekbones
• Maxillary bones x2 - forms most of the upper jaw (maxillae)
• Palatine bones x2 - anterior part of the hard palate of the mouth and floor of the nose
• Lacrimal bones x2 - part of the orbit at the inner angle
• Inferior conchae x2 - thin bones that from the interior of the nose
• Vomer bone- base for the nasal septum
• Mandible - jawbone, only movable bone in the skull.

Bony structure that protects the heart and lungs

(rib cage)

• Flat, dagger-shaped bone located in the middle of the chest.
• Forms the front of the rib cage
• Divided into 3 parts - manubrium upper, gladiolus(middle), xiphoid process (lower)

• Clavical - collarbone
• Scapula - shoulder blade
• Acromion - extension of the scapula, high point of the shoulder

• Humerus - upper arm bone
• Radius - smaller and shorter bone in the forearm
• Ulna - larger and longer bone in the forearm
• Olecranon process - funny bone

• Made up of cartilage
• Separate and cushion the vertebrae for each other