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medical Terminology Lesson 2
medical study
124
Medical
Not Applicable
10/01/2026
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Term
a- / an-
 Definition
Without, absence of (e.g., apnea – absence of breathing)
Term
anti-
 Definition
Against
Term
atel-
 Definition
Imperfect, incomplete
Term
auto-
 Definition
Self
Term
brady-
 Definition
Slow
Term
de-
 Definition
 Down, away from (e.g., deoxygenated – away from/lacking oxygen)
Term
dys-
 Definition
Bad, painful, difficult (e.g., dyspnea – difficult breathing)
Term
en- / endo-
 Definition
 In, within
Term
epi-
 Definition
Upon, above, over
Term
eu-
 Definition
Normal, good (e.g., eupnea – normal breathing)
Term
hyper-
 Definition
Excessive, above normal
Term
hypo-
 Definition
Deficient, below normal 
Term
inter-
 Definition
Between
Term
intra-
 Definition
Within 
Term
macro-
 Definition
Large 
Term
neo-
 Definition
New (e.g., neoplasm – new growth/tumor)
Term
tachy-
 Definition
Fast, rapid 
Term
-algia
 Definition
Pain 
Term
-capnia
 Definition
Carbon dioxide condition
Term
-cele
 Definition
Hernia, protrusion, swelling 
Term
-dynia
 Definition
Pain
Term
-ectasis
 Definition
Dilation, expansion
Term
-edema
 Definition
Swelling
Term
-emia
 Definition
Blood condition
Term

-itis

 Definition
Inflammation
Term
-megaly
 Definition
Enlargement
Term

-oma

 Definition
Tumor, mass
Term

-osmia

 Definition
Smell condition
Term
-oxia
 Definition
Oxygen condition
Term
-pathy
 Definition
Disease 
Term

-phage

 Definition
Eating, swallowing
Term

-phobia

 Definition
Fear 
Term

-phonia

 Definition
Voice or sound condition
Term

-plasm

 Definition
Formative material of cells
Term

-pnea

 Definition
Breathing 
Term

-ptysis

 Definition
Spitting
Term

-rrhagia

 Definition
Rapid flow, bursting forth
Term

-rrhea

 Definition
Discharge, flow
Term

-spasm

 Definition
Involuntary contraction 
Term
-thorax
 Definition
Chest
Term
-centesis
 Definition
Surgical puncture to remove fluid
Term
-ectomy
 Definition
Surgical removal, excision
Term
-graphy
 Definition
Process of recording
Term
-metry
 Definition
Measurement process
Term
-pexy
 Definition
Surgical fixation
Term
-plasty
 Definition
Surgical repair/reconstruction
Term
-rrhaphy
 Definition
Surgical suturing
Term
-scopy
 Definition
Visual examination 
Term
-stomy
 Definition
Creating a permanent opening
Term
-stomy
 Definition
Creating a permanent opening
Term
-therapy
 Definition
Treatment 
Term
-otomy
 Definition
Incision, cutting into
Term
adenoid/o
 Definition
Adenoids (lymph tissue behind nasal cavity)
Term
axill/o
 Definition
Armpit (location of axillary lymph nodes)
Term
carcin/o
 Definition
Cancer
Term

cervic/o

 Definition
Neck (location of cervical lymph nodes)
Term
cyto/o
 Definition
Cell
Term
immun/o
 Definition
 Safe, immune, protected
Term
inguin/o
 Definition
Groin region (location of inguinal lymph nodes)
Term
leuk/o
 Definition
White (e.g., leukocytes – white blood cells)
Term
lymph/o
 Definition
Lymph fluid or tissue
Term
lymphaden/o
 Definition
Lymph node or lymph gland
Term
lymphangi/o
 Definition
Lymph vessel
Term
myel/o
 Definition
Bone marrow (site of immune cell generation)
Term
onc/o
 Definition
Tumor, mass
Term
phag/o
 Definition
Swallowing, eating
Term
sarc/o
 Definition
Flesh, connective tissue
Term
splen/o
 Definition
Spleen
Term
thym/o
 Definition
Thymus gland
Term
tonsill/o
 Definition
Tonsils
Term
tox/o
 Definition
Poison, toxic
Term
alveol/o
 Definition
Alveolus, microscopic air sac
Term
atel/o
 Definition
Imperfect, incomplete
Term
bronch/o
 Definition
 Bronchus, major airway
Term
bronchi/o
 Definition
Bronchial tube branch
Term
bronchiol/o
 Definition
Bronchiole, small airway branch
Term
capn/o
 Definition
Carbon dioxide
Term
coni/o
 Definition
Dust (e.g., pneumoconiosis – dust disease of the lungs)
Term
diaphragmat/o
 Definition
Diaphragm (primary muscle of respiration)
Term
epiglott/o
 Definition
Epiglottis
Term
laryng/o
 Definition
Larynx, voice box
Term
lob/o
 Definition
Lobe (divisions of the lungs)
Term
mediastin/o
 Definition
Mediastinum (area between the lungs)
Term
nas/o
 Definition
Nose
Term
orth/o
 Definition
Straight, upright
Term
ox/o
 Definition
Oxygen
Term
pharyng/o
 Definition
Pharynx, throat
Term
phon/o
 Definition
Voice, sound
Term
phren/o
 Definition
Diaphragm
Term
pleur/o
 Definition
Pleura, protective lung membrane
Term
pne/u
 Definition
Breath, air, lung
Term
pneum/o
 Definition
Lung or air
Term
pneumon/o
 Definition
Lung
Term
pulmon/o
 Definition
Lung
Term
rhin/o
 Definition
nose
Term
sinus/o
 Definition
Sinus cavity
Term
spir/o
 Definition
Breathing
Term
Ag
 Definition
Antigen
Term
Ab
 Definition
Antibody
Term
CA / Ca
 Definition
 Carcinoma
Term
CIS
 Definition
Carcinoma in situ
Term
CMV
 Definition
Cytomegalovirus
Term
EBV
 Definition
Epstein-Barr virus
Term
HL
 Definition
Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Term
HIV
 Definition
 Human Immunodeficiency Virus
Term
Ig
 Definition
Immunoglobulin
Term
LE
 Definition
Lymphedema
Term
MET / met
 Definition
Metastasis
Term
NHL
 Definition
Non-Hodgkin's Lymphoma
Term
ABG
 Definition
 Arterial Blood Gas
Term
AFB
 Definition
Acid-Fast Bacillus (testing for tuberculosis)
Term
ARDS
 Definition
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome
Term
BPD
 Definition
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia
Term
COPD
 Definition
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
Term
CPAP
 Definition
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure
Term
CPR
 Definition
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
Term
CXR
 Definition
Chest X-ray
Term
DOE
 Definition
Dyspnea on Exertion
Term
ERV
 Definition
Expiratory Reserve Volume
Term
FEV1
 Definition
Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second
Term
FVC
 Definition
Forced Vital Capacity
Term
HFNC
 Definition
High-Flow Nasal Cannula
Term
IRV
 Definition
 Inspiratory Reserve Volume
Term
LLL
 Definition
Left Lower Lobe (of the lung)
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