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| sharp pain that begins suddenly, serves as warning of disease/threat to body |
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| syndrome characterized by persistent impulsiveness, short attention span, hyperactivity |
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| acquired immune deficiency syndrome, an infectious disease caused by HIV |
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| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - disease of nerve cells in brain and spinal cord that control voluntary muscle movement |
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| painkillers; morphine, opiates, etc. |
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| reversible loss of sensation, usually administered for surgery |
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| abnormal widening of an artery due to weakness in wall of blood vessel |
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| chest pain that occurs if an area of heart muscle doesn't get enough oxygen rich blood |
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| method to assess health of a newborn child: a-appearance, p-pulse, g-grimace, a-activity, r-respiration |
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| disturbance in formulation/comprehension of language (remembering, writing, speaking, reading) usually linked to brain damage, especially stroke |
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| suspension of external breathing (no movement of respiration muscles, lungs stay the same volume) |
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| bleeding within internal organs |
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| brain & nervous system disorder in which a person is unable to perform tasks/movements when asked, even though the request is understood, they are willing, muscles work, and task may have already been learned (associated with stroke/brain damage) |
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| abnormal heart rhythm - too slow, fast, irregular, early, etc. |
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| joint contractures that develop before birth, lack of normal range of motion in one or more joints |
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| disorder on autisim spectrum characterized by inability to understand how to unteract socially |
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| poor coordination/unsteadiness due to brain's failure to regulate body posture and strength, caused by disease in cerebellum of brain |
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| progressive thickening/hardening of walls of medium & large arteries as result of fat deposits on inner lining |
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| spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders characterized by deficits in social interaction, communication, and unusal/repetitive behavior |
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| range of conditions classified as pervasive developmental disorders, characterized by social deficits, communication difficulties, stereotyped/repetitive behaviors and interests, sometimes cognitive delays |
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| self produced, originating within the body |
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| not malignant, not cancer, does not invade surrounding tissue |
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| slow movement, associated with impairment in adjusting body, can be symptom of Parkinson's |
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| superficial burn with characteristics of a sunburn, red and painful but no blistering |
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Definition
| burn severe enough to cause blistering of the skin, more intense pain |
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| skin death, white without sensation, may go beyond skin into surrounding tissue, may blacken and burn away, can cause disfigurement or death |
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| cardiac arrest (cardiopulmonary arrest or circulatory arrest) |
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Definition
| cessation of normal circulation of the blood due to failure of heart to contract effectively |
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| abnormality of motor function acquired at early age due to nonprogressive brain lesion. Characterized by muscle tone causing extremeties to be held in rigid posture |
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| ceaseless rapid body movmeents that look well coordinated/purposeful but are involuntary |
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| pain that persists/progresses over long period of time. Must persist for at least 3 months, and is resistant to medical treatments. Interferes with ability to perform daily activities. |
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| state of unconsciousness whereby patient cannot react with surroundings. Different levels of responsiveness/brain functioning |
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| computed (axial) tomography (CT scan/CAT scan) |
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Definition
| X-ray procedure that combines many images with aid of computer to generate cross-sectional views/3-D images of internal organs/body structures |
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| congenital vs. acquired loss |
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Definition
| congenital = condition/syndrome present at birth, acquired = condition/syndrome that has developed at some point at life |
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| congestive heart failure (CHF) |
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Definition
| condition in which heart's function as a pump is inadequate to deliver oxygen rich blood to the body |
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| another name for bruise, caused when blood vessels are damaged/broken as result of blow to skin |
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| common (possibly deadly) genetic disease that affects exocrine glands. Characterized by production of abnormal secretions, leading to mucus buildup that impaires pancreas and intestine, 95% death for children before age 5, but early diagnosis can save |
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| act of removing dead, contaminated tissue or foreign material |
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| occurs when amount of water leaving body is greater than amount being taken in |
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| sudden state of severe confusion and rapid changes in brain function, associated to hallucinations/hyperactivity |
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| Dementia/Alzheimer's disease |
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Definition
dementia: syndrome characterized by impairment in memory, another area of thinking (such as organizing thoughts/reason)
Alzheimer's disease: most common cause for dementia, slowly progressive brain disease characterized by memory impairment, etc. |
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| syndrome that reflects a sad mood exceeding normal sadness/grief. Characterized by emotional and physical changes. |
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| Down's Syndrome (Trisomy 21) |
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Definition
| genetic disorder that is leading cause of cognitive impairment, mild/moderate learning disabilities, developmental delays, characteristic features, etc. |
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| speech that is slow, slurred, or difficult to understand, caused by paralysis, weakness, inability to coordinate mouth muscles, treated with speech therapy focus on oral-motor skill |
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| concurrent symptom of depression/mania, also called mized bipolar state |
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| difficult/labored breathing, shortness of breath, sign of serious disease of airway/lungs/heart, could be symptom of panic attack |
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| pattern of delayed, uneven, or non-typical physical abilities during childhood development - affects gross or fine motor skills |
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| test that helps diagnose epilepsy, electrical signals of the brain are recorded |
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| act of repeating or echoing words/sentences that others have said |
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| observable swelling from fluid accumulation in body tissues, most common in feet and legs |
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| electrocardiogram (EKG or ECG) |
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Definition
| noninvasive test used to reflect underlying heart conditions by measuring electrical activity of the heart |
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| inflammation, irritation, and swelling of the brain, warning signs are stomach infection and cold symptoms |
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| the study of the causes of diseases |
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| seizure disorder, brain disorder in which clusters or nerve cells signal abnormally |
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| communication disorder in which person knows he/she wants to say, yet has difficulty communicating it |
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| having a fever; a ___ seizure associated with significant rise in body temperature |
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| chronic condition that causes pain, stiffness, and tenderness of muscles, tendons, and joints |
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| most commonly inherited form of mental retardation, resulting from change/mutation in a single gene which can be passed from one generation to the next |
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| scinetific study of the biological, psychological, and sociological phenomena associated with old age and dying |
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| standardized system for assessing degree of consciousness in the critically ill and predicting the duration/outcome of a coma. System involves eye opening, verbal and motor response |
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Definition
| localized swelling filled with blood resulting from a break in a blood vessel, blood can be trapped in skin tissue or organ |
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| weakness on one side of the body |
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| Human immunodeficiency virus; retrovirus that causes AIDS by infecting helper T cells of immune system |
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| Hodgkin's Disease/Hodgkin's lymphoma |
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Definition
| type of lymphoma which is cancer originating from white blood cells called lymphocytes; characterized by orderly spread of disease from one lymph node group to another and by symptoms with advancing of disease |
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| model of care that focuses on relieving symptoms and supporting patients with a life expectancy of six months or less. Hospice involves an interdisciplinary approach to provide medical care, pain management and emotional and spiritual support. The emphasis is on comfort, not curing. It can be provided in the patients home as well as freestanding hospice facilities, hospitals, nursing homes and other long-term care facilities. |
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Definition
| neurodegenerative genetic disorder that affects muscle coordination and leads to cognitive decline and dementia, most common genetic cause of abnormal involuntary writing movements called chorea |
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| hydrocephalic (hydrocephalus) |
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Definition
| "water on the brain," a medical condition in which there is an abnormal accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in ventricles (cavities) of brain |
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Definition
| physical state in which person is abnormally and easily excitable/exuberant. Strong emotional reactions, impulsive behavior, soemtimes short attention span |
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| abnormal increase in muscular activity, rhythmic (tremors) and nonrhythmic (involuntary muscle contractions) an example of this is tics |
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Definition
| high blood pressure, a chronic medical condition in which systemic arterial blood pressure is elevated |
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| any abnormally diminshed activity of the body or its organs, such as decreased cardiac output, thyroid secretion, or peristalsis |
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Definition
| decreased muscle tone and strength that results in floppiness |
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Definition
| inadequate blood supply to a local area due to blockage of blood vessels leading to that area |
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| Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (1990) replaced education for all handicapped children of 1975 |
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| individualized education program, required for children with disabilities under IDEA |
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| students with special needs spend most or all time with non-disabled students, reject use of special classrooms/facilities |
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Definition
| involuntary excretion of etiher bowel contents (fecal incontinence) or urine (urine incontinence) |
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Definition
| characterized by significant limitations both in intellectual functioning and adaptive behavior, disability originates before age 18 |
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| A decrease in the blood supply to a bodily organ, tissue, or part caused by constriction or obstruction of the blood vessels. |
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| yellowish staining of skin and sclerae caused by high lovels of blood chemical bilirubin |
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Definition
| cancer of blood cells, should refer to only cancer of white blood cells (leukocytes) but can apply to malignancy of any cellular element in blood/bone marrow |
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Definition
| chronic inflammatory disease caused by autoimmunity, unusual antibodies in blood targeted against own body tissues |
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| major depressive disorder |
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Definition
| based on occurance of one+ depressive episodes in absence of history of mania/hypomania. Depressed mood, loss of interest/pleasure in all activities for longer than 2 weeks, physical symptoms |
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Definition
| severe and becoming progressively worse, cancerous |
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| melodic intonation therapy |
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Definition
| melodic and rhythmic components to assist in speech recovery for patients with aphasia |
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Definition
| inflammation of membranes that cover the brain and spinal cord, can be caused by virus or bacteria |
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| mental retardation (mild, moderate, severe, profound, severity unspecified) |
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Definition
| a condition in which people have below average intelligence that limits their ability to function normally. Present from birth or childhood has many different causes. |
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| complex process involves spread of a tumor or cancer to distant parts of the body from its original site |
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| group of neuromuscular disease caused by damage to the mitochondria - small energy producing structures that serve as cells' "power plants." Nerve cells in brain/muscles can be damaged as cause of this |
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| disease that affects brain and spinal cord, resulting in loss of muscle contro, vision, balance, and sensation. Nerves of brain and spinal cord are damaged by one's own immune system, thus it is an autoimmune disease |
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| genetic disorder that weakens muscles that help the body move, people have incorrect or missing information in their genes, preventing them from making proteins they need for healthy muscles |
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| collection of disorders that occurs when nerves of peripheral nervous system are damaged |
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| a psychological/behavioral disorder in which anxiety is the primary characteristic - phobias, etc. |
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| neonatal intensive care unit, hospital unit for prematurely born babies |
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| inflammation of bone tissue caused by infection, degenerative changes or trauma - results in edema/swelling of adjacent bone marrow |
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| disease that causes weak bones that break easily, also known as brittle bone disease |
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| disease of the bones, when too much bone is lost/not enough is made, causing weak and prone to breaking |
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| active total care of patients, focus of care is primarily quality of life |
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| complete loss of muscle function for one+ muscle groups, can cause loss of feeling/mobility in affected area. Most caused by nervous system damage |
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| second most common neurodegenerative disorder, most common movement disorder. Loss of muscle control, trembling of limbs, stiffness, impaired balance, slowness. |
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| pertaining to period immediately before and after birth, starts 20th-28th week of gestation and ends 1-4 weeks after birth |
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| pervasive development disorder |
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Definition
| group of disorders that are characterized by delays in multiple areas of development, including communication and social functioning |
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| plegias (mono, hemi, para, di, tri, quad) |
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Definition
| suffix meaning paralysis or a stroke |
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Definition
| viral infection that attacks the motor cells in the spinal cord, causing inflammation and swelling of the cells, but in some cases cells are destroyed and paralysis will occur |
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| relates to the newborn in the period immediately after birth (within 48 hours of birth; 2-7 days; 1-4 weeks) |
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| posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) |
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Definition
| major type of anxiety that can develop after exposure to a terrifying event/ordeal |
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| most common age-related dysfunction of hearing, abnormal physilogical deterioration of auditory system |
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| period existing before birth |
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| characterized by fluent but meaningless speech and severe impairment of ability to understand spoken/written words |
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| disorder in females which, following apparently normal development of up to 2.5 years, child shows decelarted head growth, diminishing physical coordination, and impaired social/language development |
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| chronic disease of musculoskeletal system, characterized by inflammation and swelling of joints (esp. hands/feet), muscle weakness, loss of mobility, deformity, and fatigue |
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| aging, the process of becoming old, or the state of being old |
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| disorder of the blood caused by an inherited abnormal hemoglobin |
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| one of a large contingent of genetic diseases in which the bony skeleton forms abnormally during fetal development |
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| major birth defect and a type of neural tube defect that involves an opening in the vertebral column caused by the failure of the neural tube to close properly during embryonic development |
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Definition
| begins with a sudden, traumatic blow to the spine that fractures or dislocates vertebrae. The damage begins at the moment of injury when displaced bone fragments, disc material, or ligaments bruise or tear into spinal cord tissue |
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Definition
| reflex seen in normal infants in response to a loud noise. Infant makes a sudden body movement, bringing legs and arms toward the chest |
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Definition
| cerebrovascular accident occurs when blood supply to part of the brain is disrupted, causing brain cells to die. Blood flow can be compromised by a variety of mechanisms, including blockage or rupture of an artery |
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| ringing, swishing, or other type of noise that seems to originate in the ear or head |
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| a transient ischemic attack (mini stroke) is a brief interruption of blood flow to part of the brain that causes temporary stroke-like symptoms |
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| condition in pregnancy, also known as pre-eclampsia, most common complication of pregnancy affecting about 5% of pregnancies. Occurs in 3rd trimester. |
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| a feeling that you are dizzily turning around or that your surroundings are dizzily turning about you |
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