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Medical Terminology/Chapter 5-The Cardiovascular System
The Cardiovascular System
134
Other
12th Grade
11/11/2015

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Term
blood or lymph vessel
Definition
angi/o
Term
aorta
Definition
aort/o
Term
artery
Definition
arteri/o
Term
plaque, fatty substance
Definition
ather/o
Term
brady-
Definition
slow
Term
heart
Definition
cardi/o
Term
a mixture or blending
Definition
-crasia
Term
blood, blood condition
Definition
-emia
Term
red
Definition
erythr/o
Term
blood, relating to the blood
Definition
hem/o, hemat/o
Term
white
Definition
leuk/o
Term
vein
Definition
phleb/o
Term
fast, rapid
Definition
tachy-
Term
clot
Definition
thromb/o
Term
vein
Definition
ven/o
Term
 a vein
Definition
ven/o
Term
ACE inhibitors
Definition
medications administered to treat hypertension and congestive heart failure
Term
anemia
Definition
a disorder characterized by lower than normal levels of red blood cells in the blood
Term
aneurysm
Definition
a localized weak spot or balloon-like enlargement of the wall of an artery
Term
angina
Definition
episodes of severe chest pain due to inadequate blood flow to the myocardium
Term
angioplasty
Definition
mechanically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel
Term
anticoagulant
Definition
medication that slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming
Term
aplastic anemia
Definition
a condition marked by the absense of all formed blood elements
Term
arrhythmia
Definition
a loss of the normal rhythm of the heartbeat
Term
atheroma
Definition
a deposit of fatty plaque on or within the arterial wall
Term
atherosclerosis
Definition
hardening or narrowing of the arteries due to a buildup of cholesterol plaque
Term
atrial fibrillation
Definition
rapid irregular twitching of the muscular wall of the atria
Term
automated external defibrillator
Definition
electronic equipment that externally shocks the heart to restore a normal cardiac rhythm
Term
beta-blocker
Definition
medication administered to reduce the workload of the heart by slowing the heartbeat
Term
blood dyscrasia
Definition
any pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood
Term
bradycardia
Definition
an abnormally slow resting heart rate, usually at a rate of less than 60 beats per minute
Term
cardiac arrest
Definition
an event in which the heart abruptly stops beating or develops an arrythmia that prevents it from pumping blood
Term
cardiac catheterization
Definition
a diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or artery and guided into the heart
Term
cardiomyopathy
Definition
all diseases of the heart muscles
Term
carotid endarterectomy
Definition
surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery
Term
cholesterol
Definition
a fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body
Term
chronic venous insufficiency
Definition
a condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage or leakage of venous valves
Term
coronary thrombosis
Definition
damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery
Term
defibrillation
Definition
the use of electrical shock to restore the heart's normal rhythm
Term
diuretic
Definition
medications that are administered to treat hypertension and heart failure by reducing the amount of fluid circulating in the blood; administered to stimulate the kidneys to increase the secretion of urine
Term
electrocardiogram
Definition
a record of the electrical activity of the myocardium
Term
embolism
Definition
the sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus
Term
embolus
Definition
a foreign object, such as a blood clot, quantity of air or gas, or a bit of tissue or tumor, that is circulating in the blood
Term
endocarditis
Definition
inflammation of the inner lining of the heart
Term
erythrocytes
Definition
AKA: red blood cells; mature red blood cells produced by the red bone marrow
Term
hemoglobin
Definition
oxygen-carrying blood proteing pigment of the erythrocytes
Term
hemolytic anemia
Definition
condition characterized by an inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to their premature destruction of the spleen
Term
hemostasis
Definition
to stop or control bleeding
Term
ischemic heart disease
Definition
a group of cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart
Term
leukemia
Definition
a type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal white blood cells found in blood-forming tissues, other organs, and in the circulating blood
Term
leukocytes
Definition
AKA: white blood cells; blood cells involved in defending the body against infective organisms and foreign substances
Term
leukopenia
Definition
a decrease in the number of white blood cells circulating in the blood
Term
megaloblastic anemia
Definition
a blood disorder characterized by anemia in which red blood cells are larger than normal
Term
myelodysplastic syndrome
Definition
group of bone marrow disorders that are characterized by the insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells
Term
myocardial infarction
Definition
occlusion of one or more coronary arteries caused by plaque buildup
Term
orthostatic hypotension
Definition
low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up
Term
pericardium
Definition
AKA: pericardial sac; double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart
Term
pernicious anemia
Definition
anemia caused by lack of protein that helps the body absorb vitamin B12 from the gastrointestinal tract
Term
phlebitis
Definition
inflammation of a vein
Term
Raynaud's disease
Definition
a peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress
Term
septicemia
Definition

caused by the presense of bacteria in the blood; symptoms include fever, tachypenia, and tachycardia

 

**think of a SEPTIC tank**

Term
sickle cell anemia
Definition
genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in red blood cells that assume an abnormal sickle cell shape
Term
tachycardia
Definition
abnormally rapid resting heartbeat usually at a rate of more than 100 beats per minute
Term
temporal arteritis
Definition
form of vasculitis with abnormally large cells, that can cause headaches,visual impairment, or other symptoms
Term
thallium stress test
Definition
performed to evaluate blood flow to the heart during exercise by injecting a small amount of thallium into the blood
Term
thrombocytopenia
Definition
condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood
Term
thrombolytic
Definition
medication that dissolves or causes a thrombus to breakup
Term
thrombosis
Definition
an abnormal condition of having a thrombus
Term
thrombotic occlusion
Definition
blocking of an artery by a thrombus
Term
thrombus
Definition
blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein
Term
transfusion reaction
Definition
serious and potentially fatal complication of blood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurs because the patient's blood and donated blood don't match
Term
valvulitis
Definition
inflammation of a heart valve
Term
varicose veins
Definition
abnormally swollen veins usually occuring in the superficial veins in the legs
Term
ventricular defibrillation
Definition
rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles
Term
ventricular tachycardia
Definition
a very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles
Term
defibrillation
Definition

the use of electric shock to restore the heart's normal rhythm

 

Term
cholesterol
Definition
the form of ___________ known as LDL is harmful because it contributes to plaque buildup in the arteries
Term
embolism
Definition
sudden blockage by a blood vessel by an embolus
Term
embolus
Definition
a foreign object that is circulating in the blood
Term
thrombosis
Definition
abnormal condition of having a thrombus
Term
thrombotic occlusion
Definition
blocking of an artery by a thrombus
Term
thrombus
Definition

blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or veins

 

Term
erythrocytes
Definition

mature red blood cells produced by the red blood marrow

 

Term
hemoglobin
Definition

oxygen-carrying blood protein pigment of the erythrocytes

 

Term
leukemia
Definition
type of cancer characterized by a progressive increase in the number of abnormal white blood cells
Term
leukocytes
Definition

white blood cells

 

Term
aplastic anemia
Definition
condition marked by all formed blood elements
Term
hemolytic anemia
Definition
condition characterized by an inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to their premature destruction of the spleen
Term
megaloblastic anemia
Definition
blood disorder characterized by anemia in which red blood cells are larger than normal
Term
pernicious anemia
Definition
caused by lack of protein that helps the body absorb vitamin B12 from gastrointestinal tract
Term
dyscrasia
Definition
blood _________ is any pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood
Term
thrombocytopenia
Definition

the term ________________ means any blood disorder in which there are not enough platelets

 

Term
diuretic
Definition
a/an ________ is a medication administered to rid the body of excess sodium and water
Term
myocardial infarfction
Definition
a/an __________ ___________ is commonly known as a heart attack
Term
beta-blocker
Definition
a/an ____ _______ is a medication that slows the rate of the heartbeat
Term
anticoagulant
Definition
a/an _____________ is a medication that slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming
Term
orthostatic
Definition
___________ hypotension is low blood pressure that occurs upon standing up
Term
ACE inhibitor
Definition
a/an ___ _________ blocks the enzyme that causes the blood vessels to contract
Term
ventricular
Definition
___________ tachycardia is a very rapid heartbeat that begins within the ventricles
Term
atherectomy
Definition
a/an ___________ is the surgical removal of the plaque from the interior lining of an artery
Term
pericardium
Definition
the ___________ is the double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart
Term
varicose
Definition
_________ veins are abnormally swollen veins that usually occur in the legs
Term
endocarditis
Definition
an inflammation of the inner lining of the heart is known as __________
Term
venous insufficiency
Definition
chronic __________________ is a condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to the partial vein blockage or leakage of venous valves
Term
Raynaud's disease
Definition
________________ is a peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress
Term
phlebitis
Definition
the medical term meaning inflammation of a vein
Term
angioplasty
Definition
a/an ___________ is a technique of mechanically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel
Term
ventricular fibrillation
Definition
___________________ is the rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles
Term
electrocardiogram
Definition
a/an _______________ is a record of the electrical activity of the myocardium
Term
carotid endarterectomy
Definition
a/an __________________ is the surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery leading to the brain
Term
ischemic
Definition
_________ heart disease is a group of cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart
Term
atherosclerosis
Definition
the hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by a buildup of cholesterol plaques is known as ______________
Term
valvulitis
Definition
an inflammation of a heart valve is known as _________
Term
atrial fibrillation
Definition
__________________ occurs when the normal contractions of the atria are replaced by irregular twitching of the muscular heart wall
Term
coronary thrombosis
Definition
_________________ is damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery
Term
automated external defibrillation
Definition
in case of emergency, a/an _____________________________ can be used by non-professionals to externally shock the heart to restore a normal cardiac rhythm
Term
myelodysplastic
Definition
_______________ syndrome is a group of bone marrow disorders caused by dysfunction of the bone marrow
Term
cardiac catheterization
Definition
a diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or artery and then guided into the heart is known as _______________________
Term
temporal arteritis
Definition
_________________ is a form of vasculitis that can cause headaches, visual impairment, jaw pain, and other symptoms
Term
thalassemia
Definition

which condition is a blood disorder also known as Cooley's anemia? _____________

 

Term
hematologist
Definition
which specialist treats diseases and disorders of the blood and blood-forming tissues? _______________
Term
capillaries
Definition
the __________ are the only one cell in thickness and are the smallest blood vessels in the body
Term
bradycardia
Definition
the condition of having an abnormally slow resting heartbeat is known as _______________
Term
pulmonary arteries
Definition
the _________________ carry deoxygenated blood from the right ventricle to the lungs
Term
atheroma
Definition
which term describes a fatty deposit on an artery wall?
Term
systolic pressure
Definition
the highest pressure against the artery walls, which occurs when the ventricles contract, is known as ___________________
Term
neutrophils
Definition
formed in red bone marrow,  ___________ are the most common type of white blood cells
Term
ventricular fibrillation
Definition

which conditions is often the cause of sudden cardiac death?

Term
deep vein thrombosis
Definition
a/an __________________ is the condition of having a blood clot attached to the wall of a deep vein.
Term
holter moniter
Definition
a/an _____________ is a portable electrocardiograph that is worn by an ambulatory patient to continuously monitor heart rate and rhythm over a 24-48 hour period
Term
antiarrythmic
Definition
which medication is administered to control irregularities of the heartbeat?
Term
cardiopulmonary resuscitation
Definition
an emergency procedure for life support consisting of artificial respiration and manual external cardiac compression is known as ____________
Term
stent
Definition
a wire mesh tube placed in an artery to provide support to the arterial wall
Term
hemochromatosis
Definition
which condition is also known as iron overload disease?
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