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| angiotensin-converting enzyme, blocks action of the enzyme that causes the blood vessels to contract, resulting in hypertension |
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| automated external defibrillator |
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| Group of fibers located within the interventricular septum. Carries an electrical impulse to ensure the sequence of the heart contractions, travel onward to the right and left ventricles and the Purkinje fibers. |
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| portable electrocardiograph that is worn by an ambulatory patients to continuously monitor the heart rates and rhythms over a 24-48 hour period |
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| due to the stimulation of the atria (contraction) |
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specialized conductive fibers located within the walls of the ventricles,
relay electrical impulses to the cells of the ventricles, causing the ventricles to contract, forcing blood out of the heart and into the aorta and pulmonary arteries. |
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| shows stimulation of the ventricles. The atria relax as the ventricles contract. |
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| recovery (relaxation) of the ventricles |
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| tissue plasminogen activator, thrombolytic that is administered to some patients having a heart attack or stroke |
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| lower than normal number of erythrocytes in the blood |
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| localized weak spot or balloon-like enlargement of the wall of an artery. Rupture can be fatal because of rapid loss of blood. Named after the artery involved. Aortic aneurysm, abdominal aortic aneurysm, popliteal aneurysm |
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| surgical removal of an aneurysm |
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| aneurysmoplasty, surgical suturing of an aneurysm |
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| Blood Vessels - transport blood to and from all areas of the body |
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| angina pectoris, condition in which severe episodes of chest pain occur due to an inadequate blood flow to the myocardium |
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| resulting film of an angiography |
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| radiographic study of blood vessels after the injection of a contrast medium |
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| technique of mechanically widening a narrowed or obstructed blood vessel |
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| abnormal narrowing of a blood vessel |
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| angiotensin IIreceoptor blockers (ARB's) |
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| simliar action and effect as ACEinhibitors |
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| inflammation of the arteries |
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| medication administered to control irregularities of the heartbeat |
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| slows coagulation and prevents new clots from forming |
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| medication administered to lower blood pressure |
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| largest blood vessel in the body |
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| located between the left ventricle and aorta |
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| characterized by absence of all formed blood elements caused by failure of blood cell production in bone marrow |
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| loss of the normal rhythm of the heartbeat |
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| Arteries - transport blood away from the heart to all parts of the body |
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| bright red in color because it is oxygen rich |
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| surgical removal of part of an artery |
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| large blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to all regions of the body |
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| hardening of the arteries, any of a group of diseases characterized by thickening and the loss of elasticity of arterial walls |
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| abnormal narrowing of an artery or arteries |
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| used primarily as treatment for bradycardia or atrial fibrillation |
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| baby aspirin, may be recommended to redue the risk of a heart attack or stroke by reducing the ability of the blood to clot |
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| plaque or fatty substance |
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| surgical removal of plaque buildup from the interior of an artery |
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| characteristic of atherosclerosis, deposit of plaque on or within the arterial wall |
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| hardening and narrowing of the arteries caused by a buildup of cholesterol plaque on the interior walls of the arteries |
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two upper chambers of the heart divided by interatrial septum,
receiving chambers (sing. atrium) |
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| a-fib, occurs when the normal rhythmic contractions of the atria are replaced by rapid irregular twitching of the muscular heart wall, causes irregular and quivering action of the atria |
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Definition
AV node impulses form the SA node travel to the AVnode,
located on the floor of the right atrium near the interatrial septum, transmits the electrical impulses onward to the bundle of His. |
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| women - weakness and fatigue |
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| automated implantable cardioverter-defibrillator |
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Definition
double-action pacemaker
1) constantly regulates heartbeat
2) acts as automatic defibrillator if dangerous heart rhythm occurs |
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Definition
| inflammation of the lining or valves of the heart caused by the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream, one cause is dental surgery because it allows bacteria from the mouth to enter the bloodstream |
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| formed in red bone marrow, least common type of WBC, causes symptoms of allergies |
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| reduces the workload of the heart by slowing the rate of the heartbeat |
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| pathologic condition of the cellular elements of the blood |
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| normally dissolved in the liquid portion of blood oxygen (O2), carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrogen (N2) |
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| measurement of the amount of systolic and diastolic pressure exerted against the walls of the arteries. |
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classified according to the presence of absence of certain antigens,
A, AB, B, O |
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| abnormally slow resting heart rate |
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| calcium channel blocker agents |
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Definition
| cause heart and blood vessels to relax by decreasing the movement of calcium into the cells of these structures |
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| Capillaries - permit the exchange of nutrients and waste products between the blood and the cells |
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| only one epithelial cell thickness are the smallest blood vessels in the body, slow the flow of blood to allow plasma to flow into tissues, exchange of oxygen, nutrients and waste materials occur within the surrounding cells |
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| Heart - receives blood from the veins and pumps blood into artieries |
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| event in which the heart abruptly stops beating or develops an arrhythmia that prevents it from pumping blood effectively |
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| diagnostic procedure in which a catheter is passed into a vein or artery and then guided into the heart |
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| lack of blood flow and oxygen to the heart muscle |
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| physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating abnormalities, diseases, and disorders of the heart |
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| abnormal enlargement of the heart that is frequently associated with heart failure as the heart enlarges in an effort to compensate for its decreased pumping ability |
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| describes all diseases of the heart muscle |
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| cardiopulmonary resuscitation |
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| CPR, emergency procedure for life support |
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| pertaining to the heart and blood vessels |
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| inflammation of the heart |
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| major arteries that carry blood upward to the head |
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| surgical removal of the lining of a portion of a clogged carotid artery leading to the brain |
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| pertaining to the heart and lungs |
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| fatty substance that travels through the blood and is found in all parts of the body |
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| chronic venous insufficiency |
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| venus insufficiency, condition in which venous circulation is inadequate due to partial vein blockage or the leakage of venousvalves, primarily feet and ankles |
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| process of clotting blood |
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| located on each side of the neck |
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| accuracy and consistency with which the patient follows the physician's instructions |
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| compression-only resuscitation |
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| can be effective in keeping a patient suffering from cardiac arrest alive until professional responders arrive |
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| electrical impulses are controlled by the sinoatrial (SA) node, atrioventricular (AV) node and the bundle of His |
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Definition
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| structural abnormalities caused by the failure of the heart to develop normally before birth |
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| supply oxygen rich blood to the myocardium |
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| coronary artery bypass graft |
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Definition
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Definition
| atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries that reduces the blood supply to the heart muscle, creates insufficient supply of oxygen that can cause angina, myocardial infarction or death |
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Definition
| damage to the heart muscle caused by a thrombus blocking a coronary artery |
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Definition
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Definition
| DVT, deep venous thrombosis, condition of having a thrombus attached to the interior wall of a deep vein |
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Definition
| located within the tissues and away from the body surface |
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Definition
| cardioversion, use of electrical shock to restore the heart's normal rhythm |
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| oxygen poor, or not yet containing an adequate supply of oxygen |
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Definition
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| pertaining to this relaxation phase |
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Definition
| occurs when the ventricles are relaxed, lowest pressure against the walls of an artery |
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| combines angiography with computerized components to clarify the view of the area of interest by removing the soft tissue and bones from the images |
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| digoxin, strengthens the contraction of the heart muscle, slows the heart rate and helps eliminate fluid from the body tissues |
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| expansion of a hollow structure |
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Definition
| disease of the heart muscle that causes the heart to become enlarged and to pump less strongly, progression is slow and only presents with symptoms when quite advanced |
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Definition
| stimulates the kidneys to increase the secretion of urine to rid the body of excess sodium and water |
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Definition
| diagnostic procedure to image the structures of the blood vessels and the flow of blood through these vessels, combination of diagnostic ultrasound to show the structures of the blood vessels and doppler ultrasound to show the movement of red blood cells through the vessels |
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| determine rate and regularity of the heartbeat from nerves that stiumlate the myocardium of the chambers of the heart. |
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| noninvasive process of recording the electrical activity of the myocardium |
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Definition
| sudden blockage of a blood vessel by an embolus, often named for the causative factor-air embolism, fat embolism, pulmonary embolism |
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Definition
| foreign oject, such as a blood clot, or quantity of air or gas, or a bit of tissue or tumor that is circulating in the blood |
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| end-stage coronary artery disease |
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Definition
| unrelenting angina pain and a severely limited lifestyle |
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Definition
| within an artery or pertaining to the inner portion of an artery |
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Definition
| inflammation of the inner lining of the heart |
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| consists of epithelial tissue, inner lining of the heart |
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Definition
| formed in red bone marrow, migrates to tissues throughout the body, destroys parasitic organisms and plays a major role in allergic reactions |
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| external layer of the heart and the inner layer of the pericardium |
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Definition
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Definition
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| red blood cells, mature red blood cells produced by the red bone marrow, transports oxygen to the tissues |
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Definition
| primary hypertension, idiopathic hypertension, consistently elevated blood pressure of unknown cause |
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Definition
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Definition
| describes rapid and uncontrolled heartbeat |
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Definition
| clotting proteins found in plasma, the important role in clot formation to control bleeding |
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Definition
| hollow, muscular organ located in thoracic cavity between lungs |
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Definition
| congestive heart failure (CHF), most commonly occurs in elderly, heart is unable to pump out all the blood it receives, decreased pumping action causes congestion |
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Definition
| abnormal blowing or clicking sound heard when listening to the heart or a neighboring large blood vessels. |
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Definition
| ability to pump blood effectively throughout the body; the contraction and relaxation (beating) of the heart must occur in exactly the correct sequence. |
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Definition
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Definition
| Blood - brings oxygen and nutrients to the cells and carries away waste |
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Definition
| benign tumor made up of newly formed blood vessels |
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Definition
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Definition
| physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating abnormalities, diseases, and disorders of the blood and blood forming tissues |
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Definition
| iron overload disease, genetic disorder in which the intestines absorb too much iron, excess iron accumulates in organs where it causes damage |
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Definition
| oxygen-carrying blood protein pigment of the erythrocytes |
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Definition
| pertaining to the breakdown of red blood cells |
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Definition
| inadequate number of circulating red blood cells due to the premature destruction of red blood cells by the spleen |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of a large amount of blood in a short time |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the general term used to describe elevated levels of cholesterol and other fatty substances in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| high blood pressure,, elevation of arterial blood pressure to a level that is likely to cause damage to the cardiovascular system |
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Definition
| deficiency of blood passing through an organ or body part |
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Definition
| lower than normal arterial blood pressure |
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Definition
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Definition
| localized area of dead tissue caused by a lack of blood |
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Definition
| sudden insufficiency of blood |
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Definition
| transports blood from the lower portion of the body to the heart |
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Definition
| divides the two upper chambers of the heart (atria) |
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Definition
| divides the lower chambers of the heart (ventricles) |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| condition in which there is an insufficient supply of oxygen in the tissues due to a restricted blood flow to a part of the body |
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Definition
| pertaining to the disruption of the blood supply |
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Definition
| group of cardiac disabilities resulting from an insufficient supply of oxygenated blood to the heart, usually associated with coronary artery disease |
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Definition
| buttonhole bypass, minimally invasive coronary artery bypass, performed with fiberoptics |
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Definition
| involves a laser on the end of a catheter |
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Definition
| receives oxygen-rich blood from the lungs through the four pulmonary veins. Blood flows out of the LA, through the mitral valve, and into the left ventricle. |
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Term
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Definition
| receives oxygen rich blood from LA. Blood flows out of the LVthrough the aortic semilunar valve and into the aorta, which carries it to all parts of the body, except the lungs. |
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Definition
| causes an accumulation of fluid in the lunges also known as pulmonary edema |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| type of cancer chracterized by a progressive increase in th enumber of abnormal leukocytes found in blood forming tissues |
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Definition
| white blood cells, involved in defending the body against infective organisms and foreign substances |
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Term
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Definition
| decrease in the number of disease-fighting white blood cells circulating in the blood, low white blood cell count |
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Definition
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Definition
| opening within these vessels through which the blood flows |
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Term
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Definition
| formed in red bone marrow, in lymph nodes and in the spleen, identifies foreign substances and germs (bacteria or viruses) and produce antibodies that specifically target them |
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Definition
| characterized by very high blood pressure |
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Definition
| blood disorder characterized by anemia in which the red blood cells are larger than normal |
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Definition
bicuspid valve,
located between the left atrium and left ventricle,
bicuspid means having two cusps |
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Term
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Definition
| formed in red bone marrow, lymph nodes and the spleen, through phagocytosis, monocytes provide immunological defenses against many infectious organisms |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| group of bone marrow disorders that are characterized by the insufficient production of one or more types of blood cells due to dysfunction of the bone marrow |
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Term
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Definition
| heart attack, occlusion of one or more coronary arteries caused by plaque buildup |
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Term
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Definition
| uncommon condition that is an inflammation of the myocardium, develops a complication of a viral infection |
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Term
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Definition
| middle and thickest layer of the heart's three layers |
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Term
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Definition
| formed in red bone marrow, most common type of WBC, defend against pathogens, including bacteria, viruses and fungi through phagocytosis |
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Term
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Definition
| vasodilator that is prescribed to prevent or relieve pain of angina by dilating the blood vessels to the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| does not require the insertion of an instrument or device through the skin or a body opening for diagnosis or treatment |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| relating to an upright or standing position |
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Term
|
Definition
| postural hypotension, low blood presure that occurs upon standing up |
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Term
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Definition
| oxygen rich or containing an adequate supply of oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| pounding or racing heartbeat with or without irregularity in rhythm |
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Term
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Definition
| fibrous sac that surrounds and protects the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| pertaining to sudden occurrence |
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Term
| paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia |
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Definition
| PSVT, episode that begins and ends abruptly during which there are very rapid and regular heartbeats that originate in the atrium or in the AV node |
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Term
| percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty |
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Definition
| ballon angioplasty, small balloon on the end of a catheter is used to open a partially blocked coronary artery by flattening the plaque deposit and stretching the lumen |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
| found between the parietal and visceral pericardium of the heart |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the pericardium, causes an accumulation of fluid within the pericardial sac, thereby restricting the beating of the heart and reducing the ability of the heart to pump blood throughout the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| pericardial sac, double-walled membranous sac that encloses the heart |
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Term
| peripheral arterial occlusive disease |
|
Definition
| peripheral artery disease caused by atherosclerosis, serious problem affecting more than 20% of all patients over 70 years of age |
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Term
| peripheral vascular diseases |
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Definition
| disorders of blood vessels that are located outside of the heart and brain, usually involving narrowing of the vessels that carry blood to the legs, arms, stomach or kidneys |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by lack of protein intrinsic factor |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Veins - return blood from all body parts to the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| venography, radiographic test that provides an image of the leg veins after a contrast dye is injected into a vein in the patient's foot |
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Term
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Definition
| found within the lumen of an artery, fatty deposit that is similar to the buildup of rust inside a pipe, may protrude inward into the wall of the vessel |
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Term
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Definition
| straw-colored fluid that contains nutrients, hormones and waste products, 91% water, 9% proteins including clotting proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| plasma exchange, removal of whole blood from the body and separation of the blood's cellular elements |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| form of vasculitis involving several medium and small arteries at the same time |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal increase in the number of red blood cells in the blood due to excess production of these cells by the bone marrow. |
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Term
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Definition
| the flow of blood through the vessels of an organ |
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Term
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Definition
| falling or dropping down of an organ or internal part, condition is named for the affected valve, mitral valve prolapse |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| carry deoxygenated blood out of the right ventricle and into the lungs. Only place in the body where deoxygenated blood is carried by arteries instead of veins. |
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Term
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Definition
| flow of blood only between the heart and lungs |
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Term
| pulmonary semilunar valve |
|
Definition
| located betwen the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery |
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Term
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Definition
| carry oxygenated blood from the lungs into the left atrium of the heart. Only place in the body where oxygenated blood is carried by veins instead of arteries. |
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Term
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Definition
| rhythmic pressure against the walls of an artery caused by the contraction of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| peripheral arterial occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold or stress, due to constricted circulation, include pallor (paleness), cyanosis (blue color) and redness of the fingers and toes. |
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Term
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Definition
| condition when an artery that has been opened by angioplasty closes again |
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Term
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Definition
| defines presence or absence of the rh antigen, 85% of americans rh+, 15% of americans rh-, mportant consideration in crossmatching blood for transfusions |
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Term
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Definition
| receives oxygen poor blood from all tissues, except lungs, through superior and inferior vena cavae. Blood flows out of the RAthrough the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle. |
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Term
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Definition
| pumps the oxygen-poor blood through the pulmonary semilunar valve and into the pulmonary artery, which carries it to the lungs |
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Term
| right-sided heart failure |
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Definition
| causes fluid buildup throughout the rest of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| caused by a different medical problem, such as a kidny disorder or a tumor on the adrenal glands |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| often associated with severe infections caused by the presence of bacteria in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| plasma fluid after the blood cells and the clotting proteins have been removed |
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Term
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Definition
| genetic disorder that causes abnormal hemoglobin, resulting in some red blood cells assuming an abnormal sickle shape |
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Term
|
Definition
SAnode, located in the posterior wall of the right atrium near the entrance of the superior vena cava,
establishes basic rhythym and rate of the heartbeat.
Known as the natural pacemaker of the heart.
Start each wave of muscle contraction in the heart
Impulse spreads over the muscles of both atria, causing them to contract simultaneously. This contraction forces blood into the ventricles. |
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Term
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Definition
| normal beating of the heart |
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Term
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Definition
| occures during exertion and resolves with rest |
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Term
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Definition
| cholesterol-lowering drugs |
|
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Term
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| abnormal narrowing of an opening, named after the affected valve, aortic valve stenosis |
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| wire-mesh tube that is commonly placed after the artery has been opened |
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| performed to assess cardiovascular health and function during and after stress |
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| results when treatment of cardiac arrest is not provided within a few minutes |
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| located near the body surface |
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Definition
| transports blood from the upper portion of the body to the heart |
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| includes the flow of blood to all parts of the body except the lungs |
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| pertaining to this contraction phase |
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| occurs when the ventricles contract, highest pressure against the walls of an artery |
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| abnormally rapid resting heart rate |
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| giant cell arteritis, form of vasculitis that can cause headaches, visual impairment, jaw pain and other symptoms |
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| inherited blood disorder that causes mild or severe anemia due to reduced hemoglobin and fewer red blood cells than normal, referred to as Cooley's anemia |
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| performed to evaluate how well blood flows through the coronary arteries of the heart muscle during exercise by injecting a small amount of thallium into the bloodstream |
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| platelets, smallest formed elements of the blood, plays important role in clotting blood, when a blood vessel is damaged, they are activated and become sticky causing them to clump together to form a clot to stop the bleeding |
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Definition
| condition in which there is an abnormally small number of platelets circulating in the blood |
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Definition
| abnormal increase in the number of platelets in the circulating blood |
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Definition
| clot-busting drug, dissolves or causes a thrombus to break up |
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Definition
| phlebitis, walls of the vein are often infiltrated and a clot formed, usually superficial vein |
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Definition
| abnormal condition of having a thrombus |
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Definition
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Definition
| blocking of an artery by a thrombus |
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Definition
| blood clot attached to the interior wall of an artery or vein |
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| seriousand potentially fatal complication of a blood transfusion in which a severe immune response occurs because the patient's blood and the donated blood do not match |
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Definition
controls the opening between the right atrium and the right ventricle,
tricuspid means having three cusps |
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Definition
| pain or pressure in middle of chest that may spread to the back, jaw or left arms. |
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Definition
| occur either during exertion or rest, precursor to a myocardial infarction |
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Definition
| valvuloplasty, surgical repair or replacement of a heart valve |
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Definition
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Definition
| abnormal protrustion of a heart valve that results in the inability of the valve to close completely |
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Definition
| condition in which there is narrowing, stiffening, thickening or blockage of one or more valves of the heart |
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Definition
| inflammation of heart valve |
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Definition
| abnormally swollen veins that usually occur in the supervicial veins of the legs. Occurs when the valves in these veins do not function properly so blood pools in the veins causing them to enlarge. |
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| physician who specializes in the diagnosis, medical management, and surgical treatment of disorders of the blood vessels |
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Definition
| inflammation of a blood vessel |
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Definition
| causes blood vessels to narrow |
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Definition
| causes blood vessels to expand |
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Definition
| low-pressurecollecting system to return oxygen-poor blood to the heart, walls are thinner and less elastic than those of the arteries |
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| two largest veins in the body, return blood into the heart. |
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| relating to, or contained in, the veins |
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| also defined as a normal hollow chamber of the brain |
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| two lower chambers of the heart divided by the interventricular septum |
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Definition
| v-fib, consists of rapid, irregular, and useless contractions of the ventricles. |
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| v-tach, very rapid heartbeat that begins with the ventricles. Potentially fatal because the heart is beating so rapidly that it is unable to adequately pump blood through the body |
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| smallest veins that join to form the larger veins |
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inner layer of the pericardium that also forms the outer layer of the heart,
when referred to as the outer layer of the heart it is known as the epicardium |
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