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Medical Terminology Ch. 12
The Digestive System
81
Medical
Professional
10/27/2015

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Term
abdomin/o (root)
Definition
abdomen
Term
bucc/o (root)
Definition
cheek
Term
cheil/o (root)
Definition
lip
Term
chol/e, chol/o (root)
Definition
bile, gall
Term
cholangi/o (root)
Definition
bile duct
Term
cholecyst/o (root)
Definition
gallbladder
Term
choledoch/o (root)
Definition
common bile duct
Term
col/o, colon/o (root)
Definition
colon
Term
dent/i, dent/o (root)
Definition
teeth
Term
duoden/o (root)
Definition
duodenum
Term
-emesis (suffix)
Definition
vomit
Term
enter/o (root)
Definition
intestine
Term
esophag/o (root)
Definition
esophagus
Term
gastr/o (root)
Definition
stomach
Term
gingiv/o (root)
Definition
gums
Term
gloss/o (root)
Definition
tongue
Term
hepat/o (root)
Definition
liver
Term
ile/o (root)
Definition
ileum
Term
jejun/o (root)
Definition
jejunum
Term
lapar/o (root)
Definition
abdomen
Term
-lith (suffix)
Definition
stone
Term
pancreat/o (root)
Definition
pancreas
Term
-pepsia (suffix)
Definition
digestion
Term
phag/o (root)
Definition
eating, swallowing
Term
-phagia (suffix)
Definition
eat or swallow
Term
proct/o (root)
Definition
anus and rectum
Term
pylor/o (root)
Definition
pylorus
Term
rect/o (root)
Definition
rectum
Term
sial/o (root)
Definition
salivary glands
Term
sigmoid/o (root)
Definition
sigmoid colon
Term
stomat/o (root)
Definition
mouth
Term
BE (abbreviation)
Definition
barium enema
Term
EGD (abbreviation)
Definition
esophagogastroduodenoscopy
Term
GBS (abbreviation)
Definition
gallbladder X-ray series
Term
NGT (abbreviation)
Definition
nasogastric tube
Term
alimentary canal (term)
Definition
GI tract
Term
bilirubin (term)
Definition
waste produced by worn out red blood cells breaking down
Term
cardiac sphincter (term)
Definition
the ringlike muscle between the esophagus and stomach that controls food flow
Term
common bile duct (term)
Definition
tube that transports bile from the liver to the gallbladder
Term
deglutition (term)
Definition
swallowing
Term
duodenum (term)
Definition
segment of the small intestine connecting with the stomach
Term
fundus (term)
Definition
the part of the stomach lying above the cardia notch
Term
ileocecal sphincter (term)
Definition
muscular ring that separates the distal portion of the ileum and the beginning of the cecum (large intestine)
Term
ileum (term)
Definition
the longest segment of the small intestine, which leads into the large intestine
Term
jejunum (term)
Definition
eight-foot-long segment of the small intestine between the duodenum and the ileum
Term
pancreas (term)
Definition
organ of the digestive system that has both exocrine and endocrine functions; secretes enzymes that aid in digestion
Term
peristalsis (term)
Definition
wavelike muscular contractions that move food along the digestive tract
Term
pyloric sphincter (term)
Definition
ring muscle between the stomach and duodenum
Term
stoma (term)
Definition
an artificial opening
Term
ascites (term)
Definition
abnormal accumulation of fluid in the peritoneal cavity
Term
bruxism (term)
Definition
involuntary grinding of the teeth that usually occurs during sleep
Term
cholangiolitis (term)
Definition
inflammation of the bile ducts
Term
choledocholithiasis (term)
Definition
inflammation of the bile duct caused by gall stones
Term
cholelithiasis (term)
Definition
formation or presence of stones in the gallbladder or common bile duct
Term
cirrhosis (term)
Definition
chronic disease of the liver
Term
dental caries (term)
Definition
tooth decay
Term
diverticulitis (term)
Definition
inflammation of a diverticulum or sac in the intestinal tract
Term
dyspepsia (term)
Definition
impairment of digestion
Term
enterohepatitis (term)
Definition
inflammation of the intestine and liver
Term
eructation (term)
Definition
belching or burping gas up from the stomach
Term
gastrocele (term)
Definition
hernia of the stomach
Term
gastroesophageal reflux disease (term)
Definition
upward flow of stomach acid into the esophagus
Term
hemorrhoids (term)
Definition
enlarged veins in or near the anus that may cause pain or bleeding
Term
hiatal hernia (term)
Definition
protrusion of the stomach through the diaphragm into the thoracic cavity
Term
inguinal hernia (term)
Definition
outpouching of intestines into the inguinal or groin region
Term
intussusception (term)
Definition
one part of the intestine slipping or telescoping over another
Term
jaundice (term)
Definition
yellowish cast to the skin, sclera, and mucous membranes caused by bile deposits
Term
melena (term)
Definition
blood in the stool
Term
pancreatopathy (term)
Definition
any disease of the pancreas
Term
parotiditis (term)
Definition
inflammation of the parotid salivary glands
Term
polyp (term)
Definition
growth protruding from a stalk in the digestive tract
Term
sialoadenitis (term)
Definition
inflammation of a salivary gland
Term
sialoangiitis (term)
Definition
inflammation of a salivary duct
Term
sialorrhea (term)
Definition
excessive production of saliva
Term
sialostenosis (term)
Definition
narrowing of a salivary duct
Term
stomatitis (term)
Definition
inflammation of the mouth
Term
sialography (term)
Definition
radiography of salivary glands and ducts
Term
anastomosis (term)
Definition
creation of an opening between two hollow organs
Term
colopexy (term)
Definition
fixation of the colon
Term
hepatopexy (term)
Definition
fixation of the liver
Term
sialoadenectomy (term)
Definition
excision of a salivary gland
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