Anterior Cruciate Ligament

resistance resulting from previous exposure of an individual in question to an infectious agent or antigen

Disorder that occurs when the adrenal glands do not produce enough of their hormones

Referring to a gland

Suffix for pain

 An acquired hypersensitivity to certain drugs and biologic materials.

A small cavity, pit or hollow, terminal ends of the respiratory tree

An acute reaction to an antigen (bee sting) to which the body has become hypersensitive

An excessive localized enlargement of an artery caused by a weakening of the arterial wall.

Refers to a vessel

word root

A procedure performed to view blood vessels after injecting them with a radiopaque dye that outlines them on x-ray

A form of tissue cancer (sarcoma) that arises  in the lining of blood vessels.

An abnormally low amount of oxygen in the body tissues

A toxin or other foreign substance that induces an immune response in the body especially the production of antibodies

The largest artery in the body, it carries oxygen-rich blood away from the heart

anemia characterized by a greatly decreased formation of erythrocytes and hemoglobin

A surgical procedure, endoscopic examination of the interior of a joint.

Refers to abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdominal cavity

An inability to coordinate muscle activity during voluntary movement; most often results from disorders of the cerebellum or the posterior columns of the spinal cord; may involve the limbs, head, or trunk

A condition in which one or more areas of the lung collapse or don’t inflate properly

A condition in which one or more areas of the lung collapse or don’t inflate properly

 A wasting of tissues, organs, or the entire body, as from death and reabsorption of cells, diminished cellular proliferation, decreased cellular volume, pressure, ischemia, malnutrition, lessened function, or hormonal changes.

Listening to the sounds made by the various body structures as a diagnostic method.

 An abnormal increase in concentration of urea and other nitrogenous substances in the blood plasma

Relating to biological agents used in therapy

An immature precursor cell of the type indicated by the prefix. preceding it.

ex osteoblast

Acronym for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia- an enlarged prostate

Abnormally slow heartbeat, less than 50 BPM

The central trunk of the mammalian brain, consisting of the medulla oblongata, pons and midbrain and continuing downward to form the spinal cord.

A small branch of the bronchi

An endoscope for inspecting the interior of the tracheobronchial tree, either for diagnostic purposes (including biopsy) or for the removal of foreign bodies. 

Abbreviation and acronym for

Blood Urea Nitrogen

Abbreviation for cancer antigen

 A general weight loss and wasting occurring in the course of a chronic disease or emotional disturbance.

Any substance or agent that tends to cause cancer

a lesion characterized by cytologic changes of the type associated with invasive carcinoma, but with the pathologic process limited to the lining epithelium and without histologic evidence of extension to adjacent structures

Word root- refers to the heart

A physician specializing in the disorders of the cardiovascular system

The medical specialty concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease.

Cardiomegaly

An enlarged heart

Root word-refers to the head

 an imprecise term for cerebral stroke

The part of the brain at the back of the skull in vertebrates. Its function is to coordinate and regulate muscular activity.

the seven segments of the vertebral column located in the neck.

(C1-C7)

 the lower part of the uterus extending from the isthmus of the uterus into the vagina.

Surgical removal of the gallbladder

The presence or formation of gallstones in the bladder or the bile ducts

chronic liver disease of highly various etiology

state of profound unconsciousness from which one cannot be roused

fracture in which the skin is lacerated and there is an open wound down to the site of the fracture.

The heart is unable to maintain an adequate circulation of blood in the body tissues

A symptom or condition that makes a particular treatment or procedure inadvisable.

a disorder resulting from increased adrenocortical secretion of cortisol

The inspection of the interior of the bladder by means of a cystoscope.

A condition in which there is more than the usual number of cells

The action or process of swallowing

Deprivation of water, reduction of water content

dermatitis

Inflammation of the skin

is a condition in which the pancreas no longer produces enough insulin or cells stop responding to the insulin that is produced, so that glucose in the blood cannot be absorbed into the cells of the body

a dangerous complication of diabetes mellitus in which the chemical balance of the body becomes far too acidic

The process of removing waste products and excess fluid from the body. 

increased discharge of urine

An act or instance of dislocating

the application of ultrasonic waves to

 therapy or diagnostics, as in deep-heat treatment of a joint or imaging of

 internal structures

Acronym for Deep Vein Thrombosis

a condition in which a blood clot forms in a vein deep beneath the skin, typically

 in the leg or pelvic area

Altered voice production.

Difficulty swallowing

abnormal, slow, or difficult

 childbirth,usually because of 

disordered or ineffective contractions of the uterus

A record of the electrical activities of the heart

ectopic

Out of place, as of an organ not in its properposition, or 

of a pregnancy occurring elsewhere than in the cavity of the uterus.

In, within

Endotracheal intubation is a medical procedure in which a tube is placed into the windpipe (trachea) through the mouth or nose. In most emergency situations it is placed through the mouth

Refers to the intestines

Involuntary discharge or leakage of urine;

bedwetting

any cell, tissue, organism, or substance

that has an affinity for eosin and other acid stains.

a hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla upon stimulation by the central nervous system in response to stress, as anger or fear, and acting to increase heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac output, and carbohydrate metabolism.

a hormone that stimulates production of red blood cells and hemoglobin in the bone marrow, synthesized in response to low levels of oxygen in the tissues.

a muscular passage connecting the mouth or pharynx with the stomach in invertebrate and vertebrate animals; gullet.

Longitudinal, superficial venous varices at the lower end of the esophagus that are prone to ulceration and massive bleeding.

ESR

erythrocyte sedimentary rate

the rate at which red blood cells settle in a column of blood, serving as a diagnostic test.

a malignant stem-cell bone tumor, usually occurring in the leg or pelvis of children and young adults, characterized by pain, fever, and swelling.

protrusion of the eyeball from the orbit, caused by disease, especially hyperthyroidism, or injury.

one of a pair of long, slender ducts in the female abdomen that transport ova from the ovary to the uterus and, in fertilization, transport sperm cells from the uterus to the released ova; the oviduct of higher mammals.

the union of male and female gametic nuclei

composed of fibers, as a tumor.

a long, lashlike appendage serving as an organ of locomotion in protozoa, sperm cells, etc.

A pear-shaped organ on the inferior surface of the liver, in a hollow between the right lobe and the quadrate lobe; it serves as a storage reservoir for bile.

Refers to the stomach

-genesis

suffix

An origin or beginning process; also used as combining form in suffix position.

GERD

gastroesophageal reflux disease

 a syndrome due to structural or functional incompetence of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES), which permits retrograde flow of acidic gastric juice into the esophagus.

The process of carrying or being carried in the womb between conception and birth

an organ-specific autoimmune disease of the thyroid gland

The medical specialty concerned with diseases of the female genital tract, as well as endocrinology and reproductive physiology of the female.

A localized mass of extravasated blood that is relatively or completely confined within an organ or tissue, a space, or a potential space

Presence of blood or red blood cells in the urine.

The red protein responsible for transporting oxygen in the blood

any anemia resulting from an increased rate of erythrocyte destruction.

 An anticoagulant principle that is a component of various tissues (especially liver and lung) and mast cells in humans

Refers to the liver

Protrusion of an anatomic structure (intervertebral disk) from its normal anatomic position.

a disease marked by chronic enlargement of the lymph nodes, often local at the onset and later generalized, together with enlargement of the spleen and often of the liver

 Excessive, above normal; opposite of hypo-.

 Abnormally low concentrations of sodium ions in circulating blood.

one of a pair of twins who develop from a single fertilized ovum and therefore have the same genotype, are of the same sex, and usually resemble each other closely.

protected from a disease or the like, as by inoculation

 a condition of being able to resist a particular disease especially through preventing development of a pathogenic microorganism or by counteracting the effects of its products

of, relating to, or situated in the region of the groin or in either of the lowest lateral regions of the abdomen <an inguinal hernia>

a protein pancreatic hormone secreted by the beta cells of the islets of Langerhans that is essential especially for the metabolism of carbohydrates and the regulation of glucose levels in the blood and that when insufficiently produced results in diabetes mellitus

the section of the small intestine that comprises the first two fifths beyond the duodenum and that is larger, thicker-walled, and more vascular and has more circular folds and fewer Peyer's patches than the ileum

the study of the principles of mechanics and anatomy in relation to human movement

exaggerated outward curvature of the thoracic region of the spine resulting in a rounded upper back

 a fiberoptic instrument inserted through an incision in the abdominal wall and used to examine visually the interior of the peritoneal cavity

 visual examination of the inside of the abdomen by means of a laparoscope—called also peritoneoscopy

 the modified upper part of the trachea of air-breathing vertebrates that in humans, most other mammals, and some amphibians and reptiles contains the vocal cords

Suffix

-seizure <epilepsy> <narcolepsy> 

 an acute or chronic disease in humans and other warm-blooded animals characterized by an abnormal increase in the number of white blood cells in the tissues and often in the blood

Refers to presence to stones

Procedure using shock waves to break up stones in the kidney, bladder or ureter

Performed in the lumbar region in which a needle is inserted between two lumbar bones to remove sample of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)

 a tumor of high malignancy that starts in melanocytes of normal skin or moles and metastasizes rapidly and widely—called also malignant melanoma

X-ray examination of the breasts (as for early detection of cancer)

The three membranes that line the skull and vertebral canal and enclose the brain and spinal cord.

(dura mater, arachnoid, pia mater)

inflammation of the meninges and especially of the pia mater and the arachnoid

the spread of a disease-producing agency (as cancer cells or bacteria) from the initial or primary site of disease to another part of the body <metastases of breast cancer to bone

a valve in the heart that guards the opening between the left atrium and the left ventricle, prevents the blood in the ventricle from returning to the atrium,

A technique that uses a magnetic field and radio waves t create detailed images of the organs and tissues of the body

a disease of bone marrow that is characterized by the presence of numerous myelomas in various bones of the body—called also myelomatosis

the insulating covering that surrounds an axon with multiple spiral layers of myelin

the middle muscular layer of the heart wall

Refers to the kidneys

word root

night

the rhythm of the heart produced by impulses from the sinoatrial node

 branch of medical science that deals with birth

word root

Scant, few, little

Scanty urine production

A medical specialist in cancer treatment

word root

Refers to bone

a condition that affects especially older women and is characterized by decrease in bone mass with decreased density and enlargement of bone spaces producing porosity and brittleness

the discharge of a mature ovum from the ovary

a large gland behind the stomach that

secretes digestive enzymes into the

duodenum

an abnormal reduction in the number of red blood cells, white blood cells, and blood platelets in the blood

Inflammation of the pancreas

-paresis

suffix

slight or partial paralysis

a physician who interprets and diagnoses the changes caused by disease in tissues and body fluids

a sectional view of the body constructed by positron-emission tomography

word root

Refers to the pharynx

A major endocrine gland-controlling growth and development, or modifying the contraction of smooth muscle, renal function, and reproduction and other function of other endocrine glands

the vascular organ of metabolic interchange between the fetus and the mother

an abnormal implantation of the placenta at or near the internal opening of the uterine cervix so that it tends to precede the child at birth usually causing severe maternal hemorrhage

used to remove blood plasma (as in the treatment of myasthenia gravis or in the collection of blood plasma for use in transfusion)

the presence of air or gas in the cavity

between the lungs and the chest wall,

causing collapse of the lung.

excessive or abnormal thirst

the part of the brainstem that links the

medulla oblongata and the thalamus.

 firm partly muscular partly glandular body that is situated about the base of the mammalian male urethra and secretes an alkaline viscid fluid which is a major constituent of the ejaculatory fluid

the time required for a particular specimen of prothrombin to induce blood-plasma clotting under standardized conditions in comparison with a time of between 11.5 and 12 seconds for normal human blood

 recurrence of illness;

especially : a recurrence of symptoms of a disease after a period of improvement

Refers to the kidneys

a usually chronic disease that is considered an autoimmune disease and is characterized especially by pain, stiffness, inflammation, swelling, and sometimes destruction of joints

a sudden attack (as of disease);

especially : the physical manifestations (as convulsions, sensory disturbances, or loss of consciousness) resulting from abnormal electrical discharges in the brain (as in epilepsy)

any of the coiled threadlike tubules that make up the bulk of the testis and are lined with a layer of epithelial cells from which the spermatozoa are produced

A wall dividing a cavity or structure into smaller ones

cancer of a highly malignant form that affects the lungs, tends to metastasize to other parts of the body, and is characterized by small round or oval cells resembling oat grains and having a high ratio of nuclear protoplasm to cytoplasm

Growth hormone-secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland and regulates growth

Enlarged spleen

Space between diarthoses joints filled with fluid

aspiration of fluid from the chest (as in empyema)

Refers to blood clotting

glandular structure of largely lymphoid tissue that functions in cell-mediated immunity by being the site where T cells develop,

Much more closely associated with the immune system than endocrine system

Refers to poison

the process of transferring fluid into a vein or artery

Example blood transfusion

called  mini-stroke

a brief episode of cerebral ischemia that is usually characterized by temporary blurring of vision, slurring of speech, numbness, paralysis, or syncope and that is often predictive of a serious stroke—abbreviation TIA; 

A type of prostate surgery done to relieve moderate to severe urinary symptoms caused by an enlarged prostate (BPH)

 accumulation in the blood of constituents normally eliminated in the urine that produces a severe toxic condition and usually occurs in severe kidney disease

plastic surgery performed on a ureter

Surgical repair of a ureter

either of the paired ducts that carry away urine from a kidney to the bladder

varicose enlargement of the veins of the spermatic cord producing a soft compressible tumor mass in the scrotum

surgical division or resection of all or part of the vas deferens usually to induce sterility

 to breathe with difficulty usually with a whistling sound

the smallest and lowest division of the human sternum that is cartilaginous early in life but becomes more or less ossified during adulthood