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| study of the structure of the body |
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| study of the funtion of the body |
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root word; means "stage of cell development"
ex. blastocyte means "a cell in development" |
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| term meaning "something that breaks" or "causing or undergoing a division into parts" |
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| word roots meaning "cell" |
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substance of a cell; plasma means "formed or molded material"
ex: protoplasm is the "living substance of the cell" |
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| groups of similar cells that do the same thing; each tissue has at least one specific function; classified by their structures & functions |
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tissues are divided into four types |
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Epithelial
Connective
Muscle
Nervous |
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| The Epithelium-A continuous cellular sheet which sounds the entire surface of the body; and lines the cavities of the body, forms certain glands and contains at least TWO types of epithelial cells |
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Epithelial cell types |
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Endothelium- A single layer of squamous cells connected to a basement membrane (lines the heart, lymphatic vessels, and blood vessels)
Mesothelium-lines the surface of serous (serum, thin & watery) membranes (pleura, pericardium, peritoneum) |
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Epithelial tissue and number of cell layers |
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simple epithelial tissue-contains one layer of cells
stratified epithelial tissue-contains three or more layers
pseudostratified epithelial tissue-having only one layer of cells but appears to have more |
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Epithelial tissue shapes |
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columnar epithelial tissue- has tall, cylindrical, prism-shaped surface cells
squamous epithelial tissue- has flat surface cells
cuboidal epithelial tissue- has cube-shaped surface cells |
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| Includes bone, cartilage, & adipose (fatty) tissue; it's the "glue" that binds together and is the body structure's support; classified as loose or dense |
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Connective tissue classifications |
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loose connective tissue- has large spaces separating the fibers and cells (contains a great deal of intracellular fluid)
dense connective tissue- provides structural support; has a greater fiber concentration
adipose connective tissue- specialized type of loose connective tissue; a single fat droplet occupies most of the cell (it acts like a "cushion" for internal organs & as a reserve supply of energy) |
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Three types:
Striated
Cardiac
Smooth |
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Muscle tissue types |
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Striated muscle tissue- has a striped, or striated appearance; all striated muscle tissue capable of voluntary contraction is called skeletal muscle tissue
cardiac muscle tissue- striated, but contracts involuntarily
smooth muscle tissue- no stripes but characterized by long, spindle-shaped cells; activated by the autonomic nervous system and is not under voluntary control. This tissue is found lining the wall of many of our internal organs & the walls of arteries adn veins. |
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Autonomic nervous system: Located within the central nervous system; helps people adapt to changes in the environment & adjusts/modifies some functions as a response to stress
Peripheral Nervous System: located outside of the brain and spinal cord; its nerves connect the central nervous system to sensory organs
Central Nervous System: Brain & Spinal Cord |
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| the communication tissue; has primary properties of irritability (ability to react to various physical & chemical agents) and conductivity (ability to transmit the resulting reaction from one area to another) |
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