Term
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Definition
| Hospitals that typically provide services to diagnose (laboratory, diagnostic imaging) and treat (surgery, medications, therapy) diseases for a short period of time. In addition, they usually provide emergency and obstetrical care. Also called general hospital. |
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Term
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Definition
| A facility that provides services that do not require overnight hospitalization. The services range from simple surgeries, to diagnostic testing, to therapy. Also called a surgical center or an outpatient clinic. |
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Term
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Definition
| Reports in a patient's medical record from various treatments and therapies the patient has received, such as rehabilitation, social services, respiratory therapy, or from the dietician. |
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Term
| anesthesiologist's report |
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Definition
| A medical record document that relates the details regarding the drugs given to a patient and the patient's response to anesthesia and vital signs during surgery. |
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Term
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Definition
| The word root plus the combining vowel. It is always written with a / between the word root and the combining vowel. For example, in the combining form cardi/o, cardi is the word root and /o is the combining vowel. |
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Term
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Definition
| A vowel inserted between word parts that makes it possible to pronounce long medical terms. It is usually the vowel o. |
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Term
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Definition
| Documents in a patient's medical record. They are the reports given by specialists who the physician has requested to evaluate the patient. |
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Term
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Definition
| Found in a patient's medical record. It consists of the results of all diagnostic tests performed on the patient, principally from the lab and medical imaging (for example, X-ray and ultrasound). |
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Term
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Definition
| Part of a patient's medical record. It is a comprehensive outline of the patient's entire hospital stay. It includes condition at time of admission, admitting diagnosis, test results, treatments and patient's response, final diagnosis, and follow-up plans. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hospitals that typically provide services to diagnose (laboratory, diagnostic imaging) and treat (surgery, medications, therapy) diseases for a short period of time. In addition, they usually provide emergency and obstetrical care. Also called an acute care hospital. |
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Term
| health maintenance organization (HMO) |
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Definition
| An organization that contracts with a group of physicians and other health care workers to provide care exclusively for its members. The HMO pays the health care workers a prepaid fixed amount per member whether that member requires medical attention or not. |
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Term
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Definition
| Medical record document written by the admitting physician. It details the patient's history, results of the physician's examination, initial diagnoses, and physician's plan of treatment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Agencies that provide nursing, therapy, personal care, or housekeeping services in the patient's own home. |
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Term
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Definition
| An organized group of health care workers that provide supportive treatment to dying patients and their families. |
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Term
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Definition
| A medical record document, voluntarily signed by the patient or a responsible party, that clearly describes the purpose, methods, procedures, benefits, and risks of a diagnostic or treatment procedure. |
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Term
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Definition
| A facility that provides long-term care for patients who need extra time to recover from an illness or accident before they return home or for persons who can no longer care for themselves. Also called a nursing home. |
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Term
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Definition
| Documents the details of a patient’s hospital stay. Each health care professional that has contact with the patient in any capacity completes the appropriate report of that contact and adds it to the medical chart. This results in a permanent physical record of the patient’s day-to-day condition, when and what services he or she receives, and the response to treatment. Also called a chart. |
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Term
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Definition
| Medical record document that records the patient's care throughout the day. It includes vital signs, treatment specifics, patient's response to treatment, and patient's condition. |
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Term
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Definition
| A facility that provides long-term care for patients who need extra time to recover from all illness or accident before they return home or for persons who can no longer care for themselves. Also called a long-term care facility. |
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Term
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Definition
| A medical record report from the surgeon detailing an operation. It includes a pre- and postprocedure itself, and how the patient tolerated the procedure. |
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Term
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Definition
| A facility that provides services that do not require overnight hospitalization. The services range from simple surgeries to diagnostic testing to therapy. Also called an ambulatory care center or a surgical center. |
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Term
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Definition
| A medical record report given by a pathologist who studies tissue removed from the patient (for example: bone marrow, blood, or tissue biopsy). |
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Term
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Definition
| Individual or groups of physicians providing diagnostic and treatment services in a private office setting rather than a hospital. |
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Term
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Definition
| Medical record document that contains a complete list of the care, medications, tests, and treatments the physician orders for the patient. |
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Term
| physician's progress notes |
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Definition
| Part of a patient's medical record. It is the physician's daily record of the patient's condition, results of the physician's examinations, summary of test results, updated assessment and diagnoses, and further plans for the patient's care. |
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Term
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Definition
| A word part added in front of the word root. It frequently gives information about the location of the organ, the number of parts or the time (frequency). Not all medical terms have a prefix. |
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Term
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Definition
| Facilities that provide intensive physical and occupational therapy. They include inpatient and outpatient treatment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hospitals that provide care for very specific types of disease. A good example is a psychiatric hospital. |
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Term
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Definition
| A word part attached to the end of a word. It frequently indicates a condition, disease, or procedure. Almost all medical terms have a suffix. |
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Term
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Definition
| A facility that provides services that range from simple surgeries to diagnostic testing to therapy and do not require overnight hospitalization. Also called an ambulatory care center or an outpatient clinic. |
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Term
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Definition
| The foundation of a medical term that provides the basic meaning of the word. In general, the word root will indicate the body system or part of the body that is being discussed. A word may have more than one word root. |
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Term
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Definition
| The superior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| One of the anterior regions of the trunk. |
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Term
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Definition
| A ventral cavity consisting of the abdominal and pelvic cavities. It contains digestive, urinary, and reproductive organs. |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of connective tissue. Also called fat. It stores energy and provides protective padding for underlying structures. |
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Term
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Definition
| Used to describe the positions and relationships of a structure in the human body. For descriptive purposes the assumption is always that the person is in the anatomical position. The body is standing erect with the arms at the side of the body, the palms of the hands facing forward, and the eyes looking straight ahead. The legs are parallel with the feet and toes pointing forward. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning near or on the front or belly side of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning tip or summit. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning bottom or lower part. |
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Term
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Definition
| The major component of the hematic system. It consists of watery plasma, red blood cells, and white blood cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| A whole, living individual; the sum of all the cells, tissues, organs, and systems working together to sustain life; the main portion of an organ such as the stomach or uterus. |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of connective tissue and an organ of the musculoskeletal system. They provide support for the body and serve as sites of muscle attachments. |
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Term
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Definition
| The arm regions of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| The brain is one of the largest organs in the body and coordinates most body activities. It is the center for all thought, memory, judgment, and emotion. Each part of the brain is responsible for controlling different body functions, such as temperature regulation and breathing. The four sections to the brain are the cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon, and brain stem. |
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Term
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Definition
| The involuntary muscle found in the heart. |
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Term
| cardiovascular system (CV) |
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Definition
| System that transports blood to all areas of the body. Organs of the cardiovascular system include the heart and blood vessels (arteries, veins, and capillaries). Also called the circulatory system. |
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Term
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Definition
| strong flexible connective tissue found in several locations in the body, such as covering the ends of bones in a synovial joint, nasal septum, external ear, eustachian tube, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and the intervertebral discs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning toward the feet or tail, or below. |
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Term
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Definition
| The basic unit of all living things. All tissues and organs in the body are composed of cells. They perform survival functions such as reproduction, respiration, metabolism, and excretion. Some cells are also able to carry on specialized functions, such as contraction by muscle cells specialized functions, such as contraction by muscle cells and electrical impulse transmission by nerve cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| The outermost boundary of the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning toward the head, or above. |
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Term
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Definition
| The head region of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| The neck region of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| The supporting and protecting tissue in body structures. Examples are fat or adipose tissue, cartilage, and bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| A vertical plane that divides the body into front (anterior or ventral) and back (posterior or dorsal) sections. Also called the frontal plane. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sectional view of the body produced by a cut along the frontal plane; also called a frontal section. |
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Term
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Definition
| A dorsal body cavity. It is within the skull and contains the brain. |
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Term
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Definition
| An internal view of the body produced by a slice perpendicular to the long axis of the structure. |
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Term
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Definition
| The lower extremity region of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The watery internal environment of a cell. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning away from the surface of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| The major muscle of inspiration. It separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| System that digests food and absorbs nutrients. Organs include the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, liver, gallbladder, and anus. Also called the gastrointestinal system. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning located farthest from the point of attachment to the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning near or on the back or spinal cord side of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to the posterior region of back of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| The body system that consists of glands that secrete hormones directly into the blood stream. The endocrine glands include the adrenal glands, parathyroid glands, pancreas, pituitary gland, testes, ovaries, thymus gland, and thyroid gland. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to above the stomach. An anatomical division of the abdomen, the middle section of the upper row. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tissue found throughout the body as the skin, the outer covering of organs, and the inner lining for tubular or hollow structures. |
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Term
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Definition
| Epithelial tissue composed of close-packed cells that form the covering for and lining of body structures. |
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Term
| female reproductive system |
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Definition
| System responsible for producing eggs for reproduction and provides place for growing baby. Organs include ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina, and mammary glands. |
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Term
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Definition
| A vertical plane that divides the body into front (anterior or ventral) and back (posterior or dorsal) sections. Also called the coronal plane. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sectional view of the body produced by a cut along the frontal plane; also called a coronal section. |
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Term
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Definition
| Refers to the buttock region of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| The system that consists of plasma and blood cells-erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets; responsible for transporting oxygen, protecting against pathogens, and controlling bleeding. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A horizontal plane that divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) sections. Also called the transverse plane. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to below the stomach. An anatomical division of the abdomen, the middle section of the bottom row. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning toward the feet or tail, or below. |
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Term
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Definition
| The skin and its appendages including sweat glands, oil glands, hair, and nails. Sense organs that allow us to respond to changes in temperature, pain, tough, and pressure are located in the skin. It is the largest organ in the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning to the side. |
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Term
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Definition
| An anatomical division of the abdomen, the left side of the upper row. |
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Term
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Definition
| An anatomical division of the abdomen, the left side of the upper row. |
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Term
| left lower quadrant (LLQ) |
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Definition
| A clinical division of the abdomen. It contains portions of small and large intestines, left ovary and fallopian tube, and left ureter. |
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Term
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Definition
| An anatomical division of the abdomen, the left side of the middle row. |
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Term
| left upper quadrant (LUQ) |
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Definition
| A clinical division of the abdomen. It contains the left lobe of the liver, spleen, stomach, portion of the pancreas, and portion of small and large intestines. |
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Term
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Definition
| An internal view of the body produced by a lengthwise slice along the long axis of a structure. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| System that helps the body fight infection. Organs include the spleen, lymph vessels, and lymph nodes. |
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Term
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Definition
| System responsible for producing sperm for reproduction; organs include testes, vas deferens, urethra, prostate gland, and penis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning to the middle or near the middle of the body or the structure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Plane that runs lengthwise from front to back and divides the body or any of its parts into right and left portions; also called the sagittal plane. |
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Term
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Definition
| The central region of the chest cavity. It contains the organs between the lungs, including the heart, aorta, esophagus, and trachea. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tissue that is able to contract and shorten its length, thereby producing movement. Muscle tissue may be under voluntary control (attached to the bones) or involuntary control (heart and digestive organs). |
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Term
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Definition
| The bundles of muscle tissue that form a muscle. |
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Term
| musculoskeletal system (MS) |
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Definition
| System that provides support for the body and produces movement. Organs of the musculoskeletal system includes muscles, tendons, bones, joints, cartilage. |
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Term
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Definition
| Structures in the nervous system that conduct electrical impulses from the brain and spinal cord to muscles and other organs. |
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Term
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Definition
| System that coordinates all the conscious and subconscious activities of the body. Organs include the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. |
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Term
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Definition
| Nervous tissue conducts electrical impulses to and from the brain and the rest of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| The name for an individual nerve cell. Neurons group together to form nerves and other nervous tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
| Organelle of the cell that contains the DNA. |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of different types of tissue coming together to perform special functions. For example, the heart contains muscular fibers, nerve tissue, and blood vessels |
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Term
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Definition
| Term meaning the outermost layer. |
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Term
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Definition
| The outer layer of the serous membrane sac lining the abdominopelvic cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| The outer layer of the serous membrane sac lining the thoracic cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| The inferior portion of the abdominopelvic cavity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Lowest anterior region of the trunk. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cavity formed by the serous membrane sac surrounding the heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| Membranous sac that lines the abdominal cavity and encases the abdominopelvic organs. The kidneys are an exception since they lay outside the peritoneum and alongside the vertebral column. |
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Term
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Definition
| A protective double layer of serous membrane around the lungs. The parietal membrane is the outer layer and the visceral layer is the inner membrane. It secretes a thin, watery fluid to reduce friction associated with lung movement. |
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Term
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Definition
| Cavity formed by the serous membrane sac surrounding the lungs. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning near or on the back or spinal cord side of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning lying horizontally facing downward. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning located closest to the point of attachment to the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| The genital region of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| System that brings oxygen into the lungs and expels carbon dioxide. Organs include the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchial tubes, and lungs. |
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Term
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Definition
| An anatomical division of the abdomen; the right upper row. |
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Term
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Definition
| An anatomical division of the abdomen; the right lower row. Also called the right inguinal. |
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Term
| right lower quadrant (RLQ) |
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Definition
| A clinical division of the abdomen. It contains portions of small and large intestines, right ovary and fallopian tube, appendix, right ureter. |
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Term
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Definition
| An anatomical division of the abdomen, the right middle row. |
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Term
| right upper quadrant (RUQ) |
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Definition
| A clinical division of the abdomen. It contains the right lobe of the liver, the gallbladder, a portion of the pancreas, and portions of small and large intestine. |
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Term
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Definition
| A vertical plane that divides the body into left and right sections. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sectional view of the body produced by a cut along the sagittal plane. |
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Term
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Definition
| A voluntary muscle that is attached to bones by a tendon. |
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Term
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Definition
| An involuntary muscle found in internal organs such as the digestive organs or blood vessels. |
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Term
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Definition
| The special sense organs perceive environmental conditions. The eyes, ears, nose, and tongue contain special sense organs. |
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Term
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Definition
| A dorsal body cavity within the spinal column that contains the spinal cord. |
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Term
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Definition
| The spinal cord provides a pathway for impulses traveling to and from the brain. It is a column of nerve fibers that extends from the medulla oblongata of the brain down to the level of the second lumbar vertebra. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning toward the surface of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning toward the head, or above. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning lying horizontally and facing upward. |
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Term
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Definition
| A system is composed of several organs working in a compatible manner to perform a complex function or functions. Examples include the digestive system, the cardiovascular system, and the respiratory system. |
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Term
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Definition
| The strong connective tissue cords that attach skeletal muscles to bones. |
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Term
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Definition
| A ventral body cavity in the chest area that contains the lungs and heart. |
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Term
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Definition
| The chest region of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tissues are formed when cells of the same type are grouped to perform one activity. For example, nerve cells combine to form nerve fibers. There are four types of tissue: nerve, muscle, epithelial, and connective. |
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Term
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Definition
| A horizontal plane that divides the body into upper (superior) and lower (inferior) sections. Also called the horizontal plane. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sectional view of the body produced by a cut along the transverse plane. |
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Term
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Definition
| The torso region of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| An anatomical division of the abdomen; the middle section of the middle row. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| System that filters wastes from the blood and excretes the waste products in the form of urine. Organs include the kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, and urethra. |
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Term
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Definition
| Directional term meaning near or on the front or belly side of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| The spinal column region of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
| The name for the internal organs of the body, such as the lungs, stomach, and liver. |
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Term
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Definition
| The inner pleural layer. It adheres to the surface of the lung. |
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Term
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Definition
| The inner layer of the serous membrane sac encasing the abdominopelvic viscera. |
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Term
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Definition
| The inner layer of the serous membrane sac encasing the thoracic viscera. |
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Term
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Definition
| Scraping away a portion of the surface of the skin. Performed to remove acne scars, tattoos, and scar tissue. |
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Term
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Definition
| Swelling of soft tissues of the jaw as a result of infection. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammatory disease of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles that results in papules and pustules. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hypertrophy of sebaceous glands causing thickened skin generally on the nose, forehead, and cheeks. |
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Term
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Definition
| A common form of acne occurring in adolescence from an oversecretion of the oil glands. It is characterized by papules, pustules, blackheads, and whiteheads. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A condition in which the person not able to produce melanin. An albino person has white hair and skin and the pupils of the eye are red. |
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Term
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Definition
| Skin graft from one person to another; donor is usually a cadaver. |
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Term
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Definition
| Absence or loss of hair, especially of the head. |
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Term
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Definition
| Produces a lack of feeling that may be of local or general effect, depending on the type of administration. |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal condition of no sweat. |
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Term
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Definition
| Destroys or prohibits the growth of microorganisms. Used to treat bacterial infections. Have not been found to be effective in treating viral infections. To be effective must be taken regularly for a specified period. |
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Term
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Definition
| Kill fungi infecting the skin. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| Used to kill bacteria in skin cuts and wounds or at a surgical site. |
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Term
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Definition
| Weaken a viral infection in the body, often by interfering with the virus’s ability to replicate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of sweat glands that open into hair follicles located in the pubic, anal, and mammary areas. These glands secrete a substance that can produce an odor when it comes into contact with bacteria on the skin causing what is commonly referred to as body odor. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A small slip of smooth muscle attached to hairs; when this muscle contracts the hair shaft stands up and results in “goose bumps.” |
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Term
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Definition
| Skin graft from a person's own body. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tumor of the basal cell layer of the epidermis. A frequent type of skin cancer that rarely metastasizes or spreads. These cancers can arise on sunexposed skin. |
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Term
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Definition
| The deepest layer of the epidermis. This living layer constantly multiplies and divides to supply cells to replace the cells that are sloughed off the skin surface. |
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Term
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Definition
| A piece of tissue is removed by syringe and needle, knife, punch, or brush to examine under a microscope. Used to aid in diagnosis. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A full-thickness burn exists when all the layers are burned; also called a third-degree burn. A partial-thickness burn exists when the first layer of skin, the epidermis, is burned, and the second layer of skin, dermis, is damaged; also called a second-degree burn. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation and infection of the skin and hair follicle that may result from several untreated boils. Most commonly found on neck, upper back, or head. |
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Term
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Definition
| Destruction of tissue using an electric current, a caustic product, or a hot iron, or by freezing. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the cellular or connective tissues. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abrasion using chemicals; also called a chemical peel. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| An insoluble fibrous protein present in connective tissue that forms a flexible mat to protect the skin and other parts of the body. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Medical term for a blackhead. It is an accumulation of sebum in a sebaceous gland that has become blackened. |
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Term
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Definition
| Injury caused by a blow to the body; causes swelling, pain, and bruising; the skin is not broken. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The living layer of skin located between the epidermis and the subcutaneous tissue. Also referred to as the dermis, it contains hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerve fibers, and muscle fibers. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A powerful anti-inflammatory cream. |
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Term
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Definition
| Exposing tissues to extreme cold in order to destroy them. Used in treating malignant tumors, and to control pain and bleeding. |
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Term
| culture and sensitivity (CS) |
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Definition
| A laboratory test in which a colony of pathogens that have been removed from an infected area are grown to identify the pathogen and then determine its sensitivity to a variety of antibiotics. |
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Term
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Definition
| Removal of superficial skin lesions with a curette (surgical instrument shaped like a spoon) or scraper. |
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Term
|
Definition
| This is another term for the skin. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The thin skin-like layer overlapping the base of a nail. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Slightly bluish color of the skin due to a deficiency of oxygen and an excess of carbon dioxide in the blood. It is caused by a variety of disorder, ranging from chronic lung disease to congenital and chronic heart problems. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Fluid-filled sac under the skin. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal of foreign material and dead or damaged tissue from a wound. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bedsores or pressure sores caused by pressure over bony prominences on the body. They are caused by a lack of blood flow. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Loss of normal skin color or pigment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abrasion or rubbing using wire brushes or sandpaper. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A physician specialized in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the integumentary system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The branch of medicine specializing in conditions of the integumentary system |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Instrument for cutting the skin or thin transplants of skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| General term for skin disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The surgical repair of the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The living layer of skin located between the epidermis and the subcutaneous tissue. It is also referred to as the corium or the true skin. It contains hair follicles, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, blood vessels, lymph vessels, nerve fibers, and muscle fibers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Excessive or profuse sweating. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Late stages of gangrene characterized by the affected area becoming black and leathery. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Skin discoloration or bruise caused by blood collecting under the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Superficial dermatitis accompanied by papules, vesicles, and crusting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| To destroy tissue with an electric current. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Using an electrical current to permanently damage hair follicles and prevent hair regrowth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to upon the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The superficial layer of skin. It is composed of squamous epithelium cells. These are flat scale-like cells that are arranged in layers, called stratified squamous epithelium. The many layers of the epidermis create a barrier to infection. The epidermis does not have a blood supply, so it is dependent on the deeper layers of skin for nourishment. However, the deepest epidermis layer is called the basal layer. These cells are alive and constantly dividing. Older cells are pushed out toward the surface by new cells forming beneath. During this process, they shrink and die, becoming filled with a protein called keratin. The keratin-filled cells are sloughed off as dead cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Redness or flushing of the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A thick layer of dead tissue and tissue fluid that develops over a deep burn area. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Scraping cells from tissue and then examining them under a microscope. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| A deep groove or slit-type opening. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| The exposed edge of a nail that is trimmed when nails become too long. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| A thin piece of tissue is cut from a frozen specimen for rapid examination under a microscope. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Scrapings, taken with a curette or scraper, of tissue from lesions are placed on a growth medium and examined under a microscope to identify fungal growth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Staphylococcal skin abscess with redness, pain, and swelling. Also called a boil. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Necrosis of the skin usually due to deficient blood supply. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| A structure in the integumentary system. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Cavities in the dermis that contain the hair root. Hair grows longer from the root. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Deeper cells that divide to grow a hair longer. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Older keratinized cells that form most of the length of a hair. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Skin graft from an animal of another species (usually a pig) to a human; also called a xenograft. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Excessive hair growth over the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Redness of the skin caused by increased blood flow to the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of excessive sweat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal amount of pigmentation in the skin, which is seen in diseases such as acromegaly and adrenal insufficiency. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to under the skin. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| The deepest layer of skin; composed primarily of adipose. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Dry and scaly skin condition. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Condition in which the skin becomes dry, scaly, and keratinized. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| A highly contagious staphylococcal skin infection, most commonly occurring on the faces of children. It begins as blisters that then rupture and dry into a thick, yellow crust. |
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|
Term
| incision and drainage (I & D) |
|
Definition
| Making an incision to create an opening for the drainage of material such as pus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The skin and its appendages including sweat glands, oil glands, hair, and nails. Sense organs that allow us to respond to changes in temperature, pain, touch, and pressure are located in the skin. It is the largest organ in the body. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to within the skin. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Form of skin cancer frequently seen in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients. Consists of brownish-purple papules that spread from the skin and metastasize to internal organs. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Formation of a scar after an injury or surgery that results in a raised, thickened red area. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| A hard protein substance produced by the body. It is found in hair and nails, and filling the inside of epidermal cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Overgrowth and thickening of the epithelium. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal of skin lesions and birthmarks using a laser beam that emits intense heat and power at a close range. The laser converts frequencies of light into one small, powerful beam. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A general term for a wound, injury, or abnormality. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Disappearance of pigment from the skin in patches, causing a milk-white appearance. Also called vitiligo. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Medical term for cells that contain fat molecules. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Fatty tumor that generally does not metastasize. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of fat beneath the skin by means of suction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The lighter colored, half-moon region at the base of a nail. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Flat, discolored area that is flush with the skin surface. An example would be a freckle or a birthmark. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Genetically determined pattern of progressive hair loss. It begins with a receding hairline at the forehead and eventually leads to loss of hair on the top of the head |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Malignant, darkly pigmented tumor or mole of the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The black color pigment in the skin. It helps to prevent the sun's ultraviolet rays from entering the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Special cells in the basal layer of the epidermis. They contain the black pigment melanin that gives skin its color and protects against the ultraviolet rays of the sun. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Also called malignant melanoma. A dangerous form of skin cancer caused by an overgrowth of melanin in a melanocyte. It may metastasize or spread. Exposure to ultraviolet light is a risk factor for developing melanoma. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Flat plate of keratin that forms most of the nails. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Base of a nail; nails grow longer from the root. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Connects nail body to connective tissue underneath. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A structure in the integumentary system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pigmented (colored) congenital skin blemish, birthmark or mole. Usually benign but may become cancerous. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Solid, raised group of cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of nail fungus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal paleness of the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Small, solid, circular raised spot on the surface of the skin, often as a result of an inflammation in an oil gland. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Disease-bearing organisms. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Another term for sweating. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Flat, pinpoint, purplish spots from bleeding under the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Condition in which the skin reacts abnormally when exposed to light such as the ultraviolet rays of the sun. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical specialty involved in repair, reconstruction, or improvement of body structures such as the skin that are damaged, missing, or misshapen. Physician is a plastic surgeon. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chronic inflammatory condition consisting of crusty papules forming patches with circular borders. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hemorrhages into the skin and mucous membranes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pus-filled sputum, which can be the result of infection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Raised spot on the skin containing pus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pus producing skin infection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical removal of excess skin to eliminate wrinkles. Commonly referred to as a facelift. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Contagious viral skin infection; commonly called German measles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Contagious skin disease caused by an egg-laying mite that causes intense itching; often seen in children. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Disorder in which the skin becomes taut, thick, and leather-like. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sac under the skin filled with sebum or oil from a sebaceous gland. This can grow to a large size and may need to be excised. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Also called oil glands. They produce a substance called sebum that lubricates the skin surface. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Excessive discharge of sebum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thick oily substance secreted by sebaceous glands that lubricates the skin to prevent drying out. When sebum accumulates, it can cause congestion in the sebaceous glands and whiteheads or pimples may form. When the sebum becomes dark it is referred to as a comedo or blackhead. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Nerve fibers that are located directly under the surface of the skin. These receptors detect temperature, pain, touch, and pressure. The messages for these sensations are conveyed to the brain and spinal cord from the nerve endings in the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The major organ of the integumentary system. It forms a barrier between the external and internal environments. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The transfer of skin from a normal area to cover another site. Used to treat burn victims and after some surgical procedures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Epidermal cancer that may go into deeper tissue but does not generally metastasize. |
|
|
Term
| stratified squamous epithelium |
|
Definition
| Describes the layers of flat or scale-like cells found in the epidermis. Stratified means multiple layers and squamous means flat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Congenital collection of dilated blood vessels causing a red birthmark that fades a few months after birth. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to under the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| This is the deepest layer of the skin where fat is formed. This layer of fatty tissue protects the deeper tissues of the body and acts as an insulation for heat and cold. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The typical sweat glands of the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Containing or producing pus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Duct leading from a sweat gland to the surface of the skin; carries sweat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Glands that produce sweat, which assists the body in maintaining its internal temperature by creating a cooling effects when it evaporates. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The surface opening of a sweat duct. |
|
|
Term
| systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) |
|
Definition
| Chronic disease of the connective tissue that injures the skin, joints, kidneys, nervous system, and mucous membranes. May produce a characteristic butterfly rash across the cheeks and nose. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fungal skin disease resulting in itching, scaling lesions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fungal infection of the scalp; commonly called ringworm. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fungal infection of the foot; commonly called athlete's foot. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of hair fungus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Open sore or lesion in skin or mucous membrane. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hives, a skin eruption of pale reddish wheals (circular elevations of the skin) with severe itching. Usually associated with food allergy, stress, or drug reactions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Contagious viral skin infection; commonly called chickenpox. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Warts; a benign neoplasm (tumor) caused by a virus. Has a rough surface that is removed by chemicals and/or laser therapy. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Small, fluid-filled raised spot on the skin. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Disappearance of pigment from the skin in patches, causing a milk-white appearance. Also called leukoderma. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Area of gangrene becoming infected by pus-producing bacteria. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Small, round raised area on the skin that may be accompanied by itching. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Skin graft from an animal of another species (usually pig); also called heterograft. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Directional term meaning to move away from the median or middle line of the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The type of movement a muscle produces. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Directional term meaning to move toward the median or middle line of the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Scar tissue forming in the fascia surrounding a muscle making it difficult to stretch the muscle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Partial or complete removal of a limb for a variety of reasons, including tumors, gangrene, intractable pain, crushing injury, or uncontrollable infection. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammatory spinal condition that resembles rheumatoid arthritis; results in gradual stiffening and fusion of the vertebrae; more common in men than women. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pair of muscles arranged around a joint that produce opposite actions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The appendicular skeleton consists of the bones of the upper and lower extremities, shoulder, and pelvis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of a joint that is usually accompanied by pain and swelling. A chronic disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of synovial fluid with a needle from a joint space, such as in the knee, for examination. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgically breaking loose a stiffened joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical fusion or stiffening of a joint to provide stability. This is sometimes done to relieve the pain of arthritis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Visualization of a joint by radiographic study after injection of a contrast medium into the joint space. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Instrument to view inside a joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Use of an arthroscope to facilitate performing surgery on a joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Examination of the interior of a joint by entering the joint with an arthroscope. The arthroscope contains a small television camera that allows the physician to view the interior of the joint on a monitor during the procedure. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgically cutting into a joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Layer of cartilage covering the ends of bones forming a synovial joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Another term for a joint, the point where two bones meet. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Lack or loss of normal development. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The axial skeleton includes the bones in the head, spine, chest, and trunk. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An arm muscle named for the number of attachment points. Bi- means two and biceps have two heads attached to the bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of connective tissue and an organ of the musculoskeletal system. They provide support for the body and serve as sites of muscle attachments. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Piece of bone taken from the patient and used to replace a removed bone or a bony defect at another site. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Soft tissue found inside cavities in bones; produces blood cells. |
|
|
Term
| bone reabsorption inhibitors |
|
Definition
| Conditions that result in weak and fragile bones, such as osteoporosis and Paget's disease, are improved by medications that reduce the reabsorption of bones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Patient is given a radioactive dye and then scanning equipment is used to visualize bones. It is especially useful in observing the progress of treatment for osteomyelitis and cancer metastases to the bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Slow movement, commonly seen with the rigidity of Parkinson's disease. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the bursa of the great toe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of the bursa at the joint of the great toe. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A sac-like connective tissue structure found in some joints. It-protects moving parts from friction. Some common bursa locations are the elbow, knee, and shoulder joints. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of a bursa between bony prominences and muscles or tendons. Common in the shoulder and knee. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Maintaining high blood levels of calcium in association with vitamin D helps maintain bone density and treats osteomalacia, osteoporosis, and rickets. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The mass of bone tissue that forms at a fracture site during its healing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The bony tissue found inside a bone. It contains cavities that hold red bone marrow. Also called spongy bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The involuntary muscle found in the heart. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical cutting of the ligament in the wrist to relieve nerve pressure caused by carpal tunnel disease, which can be caused by repetitive motion such as typing. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A painful disorder of the wrist and hand, induced by compression of the median nerve as it passes under ligaments on the palm side of the wrist. Symptoms include weakness, pain, burning, tingling, and aching in the forearm, wrist, and hand. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The wrist bones in the upper extremity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Strong, flexible connective tissue found in several locations in the body, such as covering the ends of bones in a synovial joint, nasal septum, external ear, eustachian tube, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and the intervertebral discs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A joint that allows slight movement but holds bones firmly in place by a solid piece of cartilage. The public symphysis is an example of a cartilaginous joint. The fetal skeleton is composed of cartilaginous tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Application of a solid material to immobilize an extremity or portion of the body as a result of a fracture, dislocation, or severe injury. It is most often made of plaster of paris. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The seven vertebrae in the neck region. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of cartilage. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Movement in a circular direction from a central point. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Also called the collar bone. A bone of the pectoral girdle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the clavicle or collar bone. |
|
|
Term
| closed fracture (simple fracture) |
|
Definition
| A fracture with no open skin or wound. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the coccyx or tailbone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The tailbone, the four small fused vertebrae at the distal end of the vertebral column. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A specific type of wrist fracture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fracture in which the bone is shattered, splintered, or crushed into many pieces or fragments. The fracture is completely through the bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The hard exterior surface bone. Also called cortical bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An open fracture in which the skin has been broken through by the fracture. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fracture involving loss of height of a vertebral body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Refers to the rounded portion at the end of a bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An abnormal shortening of a muscle making it difficult to stretch the muscle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the cortex. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The hard exterior surface bone. Also called compact bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| General term for the group of hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex. They include mineralocorticoid hormones, glucocorticold hormones, and steroid sex hormones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The skull; bones that form a protective covering over the brain. |
|
|
Term
| creatine phosphokinase (CPK) |
|
Definition
| A muscle enzyme found in skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle; blood test becomes elevated in disorders such as heart attack, muscular dystrophy, and other skeletal muscle pathologies. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Sound of broken bones rubbing together. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Muscle contraction in response to a stretch caused by striking the muscle tendon with a reflex hammer; test used to determine if muscles are responding properly. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The shaft portion of a long bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Occurs when the bones in a joint are displaced from their normal alignment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Backward bending, as of hand or foot. |
|
|
Term
| dual-energy absorptiometry |
|
Definition
| Measurement of bone density using low dose x-ray for the purpose of detecting osteoporosis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Difficult or painful movement. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Record of muscle electricity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Recording of the electrical patterns of a muscle in order to diagnose diseases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A muscle action that raises a body part, as in shrug the shoulders. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A projection located above or on a condyle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The wide ends of a long bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Directional term meaning turning outward. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Malignant growth found in the shaft of long bones that spreads through the periosteum. Removal is treatment of choice, as this tumor will metastasize or spread to other organs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Movement that brings limb into or toward a straight condition. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A muscle named for its action, extension. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A muscle named for the direction of its fibers, on an oblique angle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The skull bones that surround the mouth, nose, and eyes; muscles for chewing are attached to the facial bones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Connective tissue that wraps muscles. It tapers at each end of a skeletal muscle to form tendons. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the femur or thigh bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Also called the thigh bone. It is a lower extremity bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A condition with widespread aching and pain in the muscles and soft tissue. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A joint that has almost no movement because the ends of the bones are joined together by thick fibrous tissue. The sutures of the skull are an example of a fibrous joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of the lower leg bones in the lower extremity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the fibula, a lower leg bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A deep groove or slit-type opening. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| A procedure to stabilize a fractured bone while it heals. External fixation includes casts, splints, and pins inserted through the skin. Internal fixation includes pins, plates, rods, screws, and wires that are applied during an open reduction. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| A type of bone with a thin flattened shape. Examples include the scapula, ribs, and pelvic bones. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Act of bending or being bent. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A muscle named for its action, flexion. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| A passage or opening through a bone for nerves and blood vessels. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| A shallow cavity or depression within or on the surface of a bone. |
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Term
|
Definition
| An injury to a bone that causes it to break. Fractures are named to describe the type of damage to the bone. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The forehead bone of the skull. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Knot-like mass of nerve tissue located outside the brain and spinal cord. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| A muscle named for its size and location: gluteus means rump area and maximus means large. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Fracture in which there is an incomplete break; one side of the bone is broken and the other side is bent. This type of fracture is commonly found in children due to their softer and more pliable bone structure. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The large ball-shaped end of a bone. It may be separated from the shaft of the bone by an area called the neck. |
|
|
Term
| herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP) |
|
Definition
| A rupture of the fibrocartilage disk between two vertebrae. This results in pressure on a spinal nerve and causes pain, weakness, and nerve damage. Also called a slipped disk. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the humerus or upper arm bone. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| The upper arm bone in the upper extremity. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| A singe, U-shaped bone suspended in the neck between the mandible and larynx. It is a point of attachment for swallowing and speech muscles. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| An excessive amount of movement. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An increase in the bulk or size of a tissue or structure. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the ilium; one of the pelvic bones. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| The third portion of the small intestines. Joins the colon at the cecum. The ileum and cecum are separated by the ileocecal valve. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Fracture in which bone fragments are pushed into each other. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Also called the os coxae or hip bone. It is the pelvis portion of the lower extremity. It consists of the ilium, ischium, and pubis and unites with the sacrum and coccyx to form the pelvis. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| The attachment of a skeletal muscle to the more movable bone in the joint. |
|
|
Term
| intermittent claudication |
|
Definition
| Attacks of severe pain and lameness caused by ischemia of the muscles, typically the calf muscles; brought on by walking even very short distances. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to between vertebrae. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to inside the skull. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Directional term meaning turning inward or inside out. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Muscles under the control of the subconscious regions of the brain. The smooth muscles found in internal organs and cardiac muscles are examples of involuntary muscle tissue. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| A type of bone having an irregular shape. Vertebrae are irregular bones. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the ischium, one of the pelvic bones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of the three bones that form the os coxae or innominate bone of the pelvis. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| The point at which two bones meet. It provides flexibility. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal increase in the outward curvature of the thoracic spine. Also known as hunchback or humpback. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Removal of a portion of a vertebra in order to relieve pressure on the spinal nerve. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the muscle attachment to the lateral epicondyle of the elbow; often caused by strongly gripping. Commonly called tennis elbow. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Very strong bands of connective tissue that bind bones together at a joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of bone that is longer than it is wide. Examples include the femur, humerus, and phalanges. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal increase in the forward curvature of the lumbar spine. Also known as swayback. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the five low back vertebrae. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The five vertebrae in the low back region. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the mandible or lower jaw. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the maxilla or upper jaw. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| The large open cavity that extends the length of the shaft of a long bone; contains yellow bone marrow. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The hand bones in the upper extremity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The hand bones in the upper extremity. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| The ankle bones in the lower extremity. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Nerves that carry activity instruction from the CNS to muscles or glands out in the body; also called efferent neurons. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal of muscle tissue for pathological examination. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| The bundles of muscle tissue that form a muscle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Muscles are bundles of parallel muscle tissue fibers. As there fibers contract (shorten in length) they pull whatever they are attached to closer together. This may move two bones closer together or make an opening more narrow. A muscle contraction occurs when a message is transmitted from the brain through the nervous system to the muscles. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inherited disease causing a progressive muscle weakness and atrophy. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| X-ray record of the spinal cord following injection of meninges with radiopaque dye. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Injection of a radiopaque dye into the spinal canal. An X-ray is then taken to examine the normal and abnormal outlines made by the dye. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Malignant neoplasm originating in plasma cells in the bone. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to heart muscle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The middle layer of the muscle. It is thick and composed of cardiac muscle. This layer produces the heart contraction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The point at which a nerve contacts a muscle fiber. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of muscle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A narrow length of bone that connects the ball of a ball-and-socket joint to the diaphysis of a long bone. |
|
|
Term
| nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) |
|
Definition
| A large group of drugs including aspirin and ibuprofen that provide mild pain relief and anti-inflammatory benefits for conditions such as arthritis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fracture at an angle to the bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Moves thumb away from palm; the ability to move the thumb into contact with the other fingers. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The attachment of a skeletal muscle to the less movable bone in the joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Branch of medicine specializing in the diagnosis and treatment of conditions of the musculoskeletal system. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The use of equipment, such as splints and braces, to support a paralyzed muscle, promote a specific motion, or correct musculoskeletal deformities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Also called the innominate bone or hip bone. It is the pelvis portion of the lower extremity. It consists of the ilium, ischium, and pubis and unites with the sacrum and coccyx to form the pelvis. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Bony tissue. One of the hardest tissues in the body. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process of bone formation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Noninflammatory type of arthritis resulting in degeneration of the bones and joints, especially those bearing weight. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tumor composed of both cartilage and bony substance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Intentional breaking of a bone in order to correct a deformity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The most common type of bone cancer; usually begins in osteocytes found at the ends of long bones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Softening of the bones caused by a deficiency of phosphorus or calcium. It is thought that in children the cause is insufficient sunlight and vitamin D. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the bone and bone marrow due to infection; can be difficult to treat. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Form of medicine that places great emphasis on the musculoskeletal system and the body system as a whole. Manipulation is also used as part of the treatment. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Decrease in bone mass that results in a thinning and weakening of the bone with resulting fractures. The bone becomes more porous, especially in the spine and pelvis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An instrument to cut bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fairly common metabolic disease of the bone from unknown causes. It usually attacks middle-aged and elderly people and is characterized by bone destruction and deformity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Also called the kneecap. It is a lower extremity bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the patella or kneecap. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fracture caused by diseased or weakened bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Consists of the clavicle and scapula; functions to attach the upper extremity to the axial skeleton. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the pelvis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Consists of the ilium, ischium, and pubis; functions to attach the lower extremity to the axial skeleton. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A thin catheter tube is inserted into the intervertebral disk through the skin and the herniated or ruptured disk material is sucked out or a laser is used to vaporize it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The membrane that covers most bones. It contains numerous nerves and lymphatic vessels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the phalanges or finger and toe bones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The finger bones in the upper extremities and the toe bones in the lower extremities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bend sole of foot; point toes downward. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Health care profession specializing in diagnosis and treatment of disorders of the feet and lower legs. Heath professional is a podiatrist. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Disease involving muscle inflammation and weakness from an unknown cause. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A projection from the surface of a bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| To turn downward or backward, as with the hand or foot. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Artificial device used as a substitute for a body part that is either congenitally missing or absent as a result of accident or disease; for instance, an artificial leg or hip prosthesis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Artificial devices, such as limbs and joints, that replace a missing body part. |
|
|
Term
| pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy |
|
Definition
| One type of inherited muscular dystrophy in which the muscle tissue is gradually replaced by fatty tissue, making the muscle look strong. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the pubis; one of the pelvic bones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of the three bones that form the os coxae or innominate bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the radius; a lower arm bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Making of X-ray pictures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of the forearm bones in the upper extremity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A muscle named for its location and the direction of its fibers: rectus means straight and abdominis means abdominal. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Tissue that manufactures most of the blood cells. It is found in cancellous bone cavities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Correcting a fracture by realigning the bone fragments. Closed reduction is doing this without entering the body. Open reduction is making a surgical incision at the site of the fracture to do the reduction, often necessary where there are bony fragments to be removed. |
|
|
Term
| repetitive motion disorder |
|
Definition
| Group of chronic disorders involving the tendon, muscle, joint, and nerve damage, resulting from the tissue being subjected to pressure, vibration, or repetitive movements for prolonged periods. |
|
|
Term
| rheumatoid arthritis (RA) |
|
Definition
| Chronic form of arthritis with inflammation of the joints, swelling, stiffness, pain, and changes in the cartilage that can result in crippling deformities. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Also called the chest cavity. It is the cavity formed by the curved ribs extending from the vertebral column around the sides and attaching to the sternum. The ribs are part of the axial skeleton. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Deficiency in calcium and vitamin D found in early childhood that results in bone deformities, especially bowed legs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Moving around a central axis. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The rotator cuff consists of the joint capsule of the shoulder joint that is reinforced by the tendons from several shoulder muscles; at high risk for strain or tearing injuries. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the sacrum. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The five fused vertebrae that form a large flat bone in the upper buttock region. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Also called the shoulder blade. An upper extremity bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the scapula or shoulder blade. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A type of bone that is roughly cube shaped. The carpals are short bones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A hollow cavity within a bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A voluntary muscle that is attached to bones by a tendon. |
|
|
Term
| skeletal muscle relaxants |
|
Definition
| Produces the relaxation of skeletal muscle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An involuntary muscle found in internal organs such as the digestive organs or blood vessels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A sudden, involuntary, strong muscle contraction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Congenital defect in the walls of the spinal canal in which the laminae of the vertebra do not meet or close. Results in membranes of the spinal cord being pushed through the opening. Can also result in other defects, such as hydrocephalus. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical immobilization of adjacent vertebrae. This may be done for several reasons, including correction for a herniated disk. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Narrowing of the spinal canal causing pressure on the cord and nerves. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fracture in an S-shaped spiral. It can be caused by a twisting injury. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The forward sliding of a lumbar vertebra over the vertebra below it. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A degenerative condition of the vertebral column. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The bony tissue found inside a bone. It contains cavities that hold red bone marrow. Also called cancellous bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pain and disability caused by trauma to a joint. A ligament may be torn in severe sprains. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the sternum or breast bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Muscle named for its attachments, the sternum, clavicle, and mastoid process. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Also called the breast bone. It is part of the axial skeleton and the anterior attachment for ribs. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Trauma to muscle from excessive stretching or pulling. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A slight fracture caused by repetitive low-impact forces, like running, rather than a single forceful impact. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Another name for skeletal muscle referring to its striped appearance under the microscope. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An incomplete dislocation, the joint alignment is disrupted, but the ends of the bones remain in contact. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Turn the palm or foot upward. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Excision of the synovial membrane. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The fluid secreted by a synovial membrane in synovial joint. It lubricates the joint and reduces friction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A freely moving joint that is lubricated by synovial fluid. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The membrane that lines a synovial joint. It secretes a lubricating fluid called synovial fluid. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the synovial membrane. |
|
|
Term
| systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) |
|
Definition
| Chronic disease of the connective tissue that injures the skin, joints, kidneys, nervous system, and mucous membranes. May produce a characteristic butterfly rash across the cheeks and nose. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Congenital deformity of the foot. Also referred to as a clubfoot. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The ankle bones in the lower extremity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The strong connective tissue cords that attach skeletal muscles to bones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of a tendon. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical procedure to stabilize a joint by anchoring down the tendons of the muscles that move the joint. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of a tendon. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The 12 vertebrae in the chest region. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Also called the shine bone. It is a lower extremity bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the tibia or shin bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Severe neck spasms pulling the head to one side; commonly called wryneck or a crick in the neck. |
|
|
Term
| total hip arthroplasty (THA) |
|
Definition
| Surgical reconstruction of a hip by implanting a prosthetic or artificial hip joint. |
|
|
Term
| total knee arthroplasty (TKA) |
|
Definition
| Surgical reconstruction of a knee joint by implanting a prosthetic knee joint; also called total knee arthroplasty. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process of pulling or drawing, usually with a mechanical device. Used in treating orthopedic (bone and joint) problems and injuries. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Complete fracture that is straight across the bone at right angles to the long axis of the bone. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The large blunt process that provides the attachment for tendons and muscles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Small, rounded processes that provide the attachment for tendons and muscles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A large, rounded process that provides the attachment to tendons and muscles. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| One of the forearm bones in the upper extremity. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the ulna, one of the lower arm bones. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The vertebral column is part of the axial skeleton. It is a column of 26 vertebra that forms the backbone and protects the spinal cord. It is divided into five sections: cervical vertebrae, thoracic vertebrae, lumbar vertebrae, sacrum, and coccyx. Also called spinal column. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The muscle found in the walls of internal organs such as the stomach. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Maintaining high blood levels of calcium in association with vitamin D helps maintain bone density and treats osteomalacia, osteoporosis, and rickets. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Muscles that a person can consciously choose to contract. The skeletal muscles of the arm and leg are examples of this type of muscle. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Injury to the bones in the cervical spine as a result of a sudden movement forward and backward of the head and neck. Can occur as result of a rear-end auto collision. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Yellow bone marrow is located mainly in the center of the diaphysis of long bones. It contains mainly fat cells. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
