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Medical Terminology Quiz 5.7
Endocrine system pathology
16
Pharmacology
Professional
10/23/2010

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Term
pheochromocytoma
Definition
hypersecretion of epinephrine by adrenal medulla tumor; usually benign; symptoms include anxiety, heart palpitations, dyspnea, and headache
Term
Diabetes mellitus (DM)
Definition
Chronic disorder of carbohydrate metabolism.
Results in hyperglycemia and glycosuria.
Two very distinct types:
- Type I
- Type II
Term
Insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)
Definition
-Type 1
-Develops early in life
-Destruction of islet cells
-Person makes too little insulin
-Must take insulin injections
Term
Non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM)
Definition
-Type 2
-Develops later in life
-Person makes enough insulin, but it has lost ability to regulate cells
-Treated by diet, exercise, and oral medications
Term
Diabetic retinopathy
Definition
accumulation of damage to retina; complication of diabetes mellitus
Term
ketoacidosis
Definition
acidosis due to excess of acidic ketone bodies; serious complication of diabetes mellitus
Term
peripheral neuropathy
Definition
damage to nerves in lower legs and hands as a result of diabetes mellitus
Term
acromegaly
Definition
chronic hypersecretion of growth hormone in adults; causes enlargement of bones and head and extremities
Term
gigantism
Definition
hypersecretion of growth hormone in child; results in very tall adult
Term
dwarfism
Definition
hyposecretion of growth hormone in children; causes short stature
Term
goiter
Definition
enlarged thyroid gland
Term
Graves' disease
Definition
hypersecretion of thyroid; symptoms include exophthalmos and goiter
Term
Hashimoto's disease
Definition
autoimmune destruction of thyroid; results in hyposecretion disorder
Term
Myxedema
Definition
hyposecretion disorder in adult; symptoms include anemia, edema, and mental lethargy
Term
Thyrotoxicosis
Definition
marked hypersecretion; symptoms include rapid heart rate, tremors, thyromegaly, and weight loss
Term
Adenocarcinoma
Definition
cancerous tumor in gland that produces hormones secreted by that gland; results in hypersecretion pathologies
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