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Medical Terminology Ch. 8
Medical Terminology Systems Ch. 8 (Gylys & Wedding)
97
Medical
Undergraduate 1
10/18/2009

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Term
diaphoresis
Definition
profuse sweating
Term
incompetent
Definition
inability to adequately perform function or action
Term
leaflet
Definition
description of leaf-shaped structures that make heart valve
Term
lumen
Definition
space within any organ or structure
Term
malaise
Definition
uneasy feeling of weakness or distress
Term
occlusion
Definition
blockage of vessel or other passage
Term
patent
Definition
open or unblocked artery or other passage
Term
prophylaxis
Definition
preventive measure
Term
viscosity
Definition
sticky or gummy
Term
aneurysm/o
Definition
localized abnormal dilation of a vessel, usually an artery, congenital weakness in wall [aneurysmorraphy]
Term
angi/o
Definition
vessel [aortostenosis]
Term
vascul/o
Definition
vessel [vasculitis]
Term
aort/o
Definition
aorta [aortostenosis]
Term
arteri/o
Definition
artery [arteriorrhexis]
Term
arteriol/o
Definition
arteriole [arteriolitis]
Term
atri/o
Definition
atrium [atriomegaly]
Term
ather/o
Definition
fatty plaque [atheroma]
Term
cardi/o
Definition
heart [cardiomegaly]
Term
electr/o
Definition
electricity [electrocardiogram]
Term
embol/o
Definition
plug [embolectomy]
Term
hemangi/o
Definition
blood vessel [hemangioma]
Term
my/o
Definition
muscle [myocardial]
Term
phleb/o
Definition
vein [phlebecctasis]
Term
ven/o
Definition
vein [venostasis]
Term
scler/o
Definition
hardening; white of eye [arteriosclerosis]
Term
sept/o
Definition
septum [septostomy]
Term
sphygm/o
Definition
pulse [sphygmoid]
Term
sten/o
Definition
narrowing, stricture [stenotic]
Term
thromb/o
Definition
stationary blood clot [thrombolysis]
Term
ventricul/o
Definition
ventricle (heart or brain) [ventricular]
Term
-gram
Definition
record, writing [arteriogram]
Term
-graph
Definition
instrument for recording [electrocardiograph]
Term
-graphy
Definition
process of recording [angiography]
Term
-sphyxia
Definition
pulse [asphyxia]
Term
-stenosis
Definition
narrowing, stricture [aortostenosis]
Term
brady-
Definition
slow [bradycardia]
Term
endo-
Definition
in, within [endovascular]
Term
extra-
Definition
outside [extravascular]
Term
peri-
Definition
around [pericarditomy]
Term
tachy-
Definition
rapid [tachycardia]
Term
trans-
Definition
across [transseptal]
Term
aneurysm
Definition
localized abnormal dilation of a vessel, usually an artery, congenital weakness in wall
Term
arrest
Definition
stopped
Term
cardiac arrest
Definition
loss of effective cardiac function
Term
circulatory arrest
Definition
cessation of blood circulation
Term
arrhythmia
Definition
inability of heart to maintain a steady rhythm
Term
bruit
Definition
soft blowing sound heard on auscultation, heart murmur
Term
cardiomyopathy
Definition
disease of heart muscle
Term
catheter
Definition
thin, flexible, hollow plastic tube inserted surgically in vessel
Term
coarctation
Definition
narrowing of aorta or other vessel
Term
heart failure
Definition
replacing CHF
Term
embolus
Definition
moving mass of undissolved matter, thrombus circulation in blood
Term
fibrillation
Definition
spontaneous muscle contractions, esp. heart
Term
hemostasis
Definition
arrest of bleeding or circulation
Term
hyperlipidemia
Definition
excessive lipids in blood
Term
hypertension
Definition
high BP, primary: no identifiable cause, secondary: usually correctable cause
Term
hypertensive heart disease
Definition
heart disease caused by high BP
Term
implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD)
Definition
implantable device to monitor and correct arrhythmia
Term
infarct
Definition
necrotic area of tissue due to loss of blood supply
Term
ischemia
Definition
local & temporary deficiency of blood supply due to obstruction
Term
mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
Definition
leaflets prolapse into atrium during systole causing murmur
Term
radioisotope
Definition
tracer to follow substance through body or a structure
Term
palpitation
Definition
forcible or irregular heart beat felt by pt
Term
patent ductus arteriosus
Definition
failure of ductus arteriosus to close after birth
Term
perfusion
Definition
blood circulation through tissue or passage of fluids through vessels of an organ
Term
tetralogy of Fallot
Definition
congenital set of four defects: 1) pulmonary artery stenosis 2) interventricular septal defect 3) transposition of aorta, both venus & arterial blood go to aorta 4) R ventricular hypertrophy as result of other 3 conditions
Term
stent
Definition
slender device to hold open vessel
Term
Stokes-Adams syndrome
Definition
alt state of consciousness or fainting due to decreased blood flow to brain
Term
thrombus
Definition
blood clot that obstructs a vessel
Term
electrocardiogram (EKG, ECG)
Definition
graphic line recording showing electrical excitation of heart
Term
Holter monitor test
Definition
EKG taken w/portable device over 24 hrs.
Term
stress test
Definition
EKG taken under controlled stress conditions
Term
nuclear stress test
Definition
radioisotope injected during exercise to show areas receiving insufficient oxygen
Term
cardiac catheterization
Definition
catheter through vein to heart to gather data
Term
lipid panel
Definition
series of tests to asses risk factors of ischemic heart disease
Term
cardiac enzyme studies
Definition
blood test that measures troponin & creatine kinase levels, indicator for myocardial injury
Term
aortography
Definition
X-ray of aorta w/contrast medium
Term
coronary angiography
Definition
X-ray of blood vessels around heart
Term
echocardiography
Definition
US of heart
Term
Doppler Ultrasound
Definition
US to record blood flow & asses thrombosis
Term
magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
Definition
radiowaves & strong magnetic field to produce cross-sectional images
Term
cardioversion
Definition
controlled electric shock to restore normal heart rhythm
Term
angioplasty
Definition
balloon catheter inserted to dilate blood vessel
Term
coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
Definition
femoral vein grafted to coronary artery
Term
atherectomy
Definition
removal of material from occluded vessel
Term
biopsy
Definition
removal and examination of small piece of tissue for diagnostic purposes
Term
catheter ablation
Definition
destruction of conductive tissue in heart to restore sinus rhythm
Term
open heart surgery
Definition
surgery on exposed heart w/assistance of heart-lung machine
Term
thrombolysis
Definition
destruction of blood clot using tissue plasminogen activators and other anti-clotting agents
Term
intravascular thrombolysis
Definition
infusion of thrombolytic agent into vessel to dissolve clot
Term
venipuncture
Definition
puncture of a vein by a needle, instill med, draw blood, start IV, inject radiopaque substance, etc.
Term
diuretics
Definition
drug to increase excretion of water and Na by kidneys, treat edema & high BP, cause freq. urination
Term
vasodilation
Definition
increase caliber of vessel by relaxing smooth muscle in tunica media
Term
ejection fraction (EF)
Definition
amount of blood pumped out of ventricle, expressed as a percent of end-diastolic volume (58% in healthy man)
Term
regurgitation
Definition
backward flow of blood through incompetent heart valve
Term
sphincter
Definition
muscle encircling a duct or tube where contraction constricts the lumen or orifice
Term
vasoconstriction
Definition
reduction in the caliber of vessel due to contraction of smooth muscle in tunica media
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