Term
| List three common respiratory symptoms? |
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Definition
| SOB, cough, wheeze, chest pain, hemoptysis |
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Term
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Definition
recurrent reversible airway obstruction (with wheeze, SOB)
chronic, gradual, irreversible airway obstruction |
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Term
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Definition
Early phase bronchspasm, at inhalation or stimulus (mast cell histamine, leukotrienes and prostaglandins
Late phase inflammation ((influx of Th2 lymphocytes) |
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Term
| Two classes of asthma drugs? |
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Definition
Bronchodilators (B2 agonists and anticholinergics) immediate
Anti-inflammatory (steroids) late stage |
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Term
| WHen should a corticosteroid be added? |
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Definition
| When mild asthma can no longer be controlled with once daily short acting B agonist. |
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Term
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Definition
| Long acting B agonist, minimises need for increasing corticosteroids. 8-12 duration |
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Term
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Definition
| First line, short acting B agonist, antagonise spasmodic effects, via inhalation,3-5 duration (can be given IV infusion for status asthmaticus. |
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Term
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Definition
| theophylline class, steroid sparing, inhibit phosphodiesterase, narrow therapeutic index AE --> cardiac dysrhythmia, seizures, GI ++interactions, liver metabolism. oral (or IV in SA) |
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Term
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Definition
| leukotriene antagonist, third line, only as add on therapy. |
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Term
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Definition
| tremour, tachycardia and dysrhythmia |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscarinic receptor anatgonists. maintenance of COPD. 3-5 hours (tia is longer) 30 minute max. few unwanted affects.can be used in combo. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inhibition of allergic response (PGE2 PGI2, IL, GCS factor) and upregulation of B2 rceeptors. |
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Term
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Definition
| regular inhaltaion of glucocorticoids |
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Term
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Definition
| Indicated in more severely affected patients |
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Term
| Hydrocortisone / oral prenisolone |
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Definition
| indicated in acute exacerbation or as a rescue course |
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Term
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Definition
Acute therapy:
Oxygen
Salbutamol
IV hydrocortisone
Oral prednisolone |
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Term
| Systemic AEs glucocorticoids |
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Definition
| oral thrush and voice problems |
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Term
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Definition
| acute airway obstruction emergency: adrenalin IM, oxygen, antihistamine and hydrocortisone. |
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Term
| Cough suppression (antitussis drugs) |
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Definition
| opioid analgesics! codeine and morphine, be wary of respiratory depression and constipation |
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