Term
Name generalizations of cestodes
Name and describe the 3 larval stages |
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Definition
>flat, segmented, as adults live in the intestinal tract, larval stage is metacestaode
>Cysticerus-invaginated scolex in fluid filled bladder
>Cysticercoid-scolex without fluid filled bladder
>Hydatid-like cystercus only bladder can have many scoleces with potential for large size. |
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Term
Name 3 parts of cestode.
What is gravid? |
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Definition
scolex (head with hooks)
neck (just behind head)
Segments (proglottids)-segments, mature as get more posterior with eggs.
Gravid=egg development complete segment |
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Term
Name tapeworms using humans as difinitive host
Name tapeworms using humans as intermediate host |
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Definition
1)Hymenolepis nana
Taenia saginata
Taenia solium
Dipylidum caninum
Diphyllobothrium latum
2)Taenia solium
Echinococcus spp
Spirometra spp |
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Term
Taenia species-how get infected?
>T.saginata
>T.solium |
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Definition
>beef tapeworm
>pork tapeworm, travelers and immigrants, latin america, asia, american west |
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Term
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Definition
>Sx: indigestion, diarrhea, see segments
>Dx: passing segments or eggs
T.solium cyst stage can see scolex
>Tx: cook meat, take Rx, meat inspection |
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Term
What is cysticercosis?
Neural symptoms? |
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Definition
>T.solium moving around in the body and developing cysts all over your body. (autoinfection)
>Humans act as the intermediate host!
>H/A, confusion, seizures, vision problems |
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Term
Diphyllobothrium latum
morphology
location
pathogenicity |
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Definition
>characteristics of nemotode and cestode
>egg has cap with perculum, no spines on scolex
>Skandinavian countries
>absorbs lots of B12 |
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Term
Hymenolepis nana
Symptoms
Population
Intermediate host |
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Definition
Sx=diarrhea, indigestion
Population=children and institutionalized
Intermediate host=Tribolium beetle (lives in cereal or flour) |
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Term
Dipylidium caninum
Population
Intermediate host
Morphology |
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Definition
Population=children, dog, cat
Intermediate= larval stage in flea
Morphology=2 genital pores on each of large proglottid which can crawl.
MAN is accidental host |
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Term
Echinococcus granulosus/multilocularis
Definitive host
Morphology
Normal cycle
Intermediate host
Diagnostic feature |
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Definition
>Definitive host=canine
>Morphology=very small adults
Normal cycle=sheep to dog
Abnormal=humans intermediate host
>can go into hydatid cyst stage which contains hundreds of scoleces
>Diagnostic
E.granulosus=laminated cystic wall filled with hydatid sand (protoscolices)
E.multilocularis=multilocular cysts (cystericeri) |
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Term
Name the scientific worm name
Pinworm
Round worm
Cat roundworm
Whipworm
Hookworm
Hookwork
Roundworm
Threadworm
Trichinella
Filariasis |
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Definition
1. Enterobius vermicularis - Pinworm
2. Ascaris lumbricoides - Roundworm
3. Toxocara canis, T. cati - Cat Roundworm
4. Trichuris trichura, -Whipworm
5. Ancylostoma duodenale - Hookworm
6. Necator americanus, - Hookwork
7. Baylisascaris procyonis - Roundworm
8. Strongyloides stercoralis - Threadworm
9. Trichinella spiralis – Trichinella
10.Filariasis |
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Term
Enterobius vermicularis
Sx
Testing
Geographically |
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Definition
"pinworm"
>self infection may occur
>adult worms in cecum, appendix, colon
>Pathogenesis: anal irritation, esp at night due to female egg laying. Can migrate up vagina to make nodules
>Dx: scotch tape test over anal opening
>Most common in North America |
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Term
Ascaris lumbricoides
Mode of infection
Sx
Detection
Egg morphology |
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Definition
>infection from soil to lung. tickles throat, cough, swallow, down to GI
>Sx: can have no Sx or bloating, vomiting, obstruction of bile ducts, bowel obstruction/perforation
>Detection: occasional passage of worm
>Eggs have fimbriated border |
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Term
Baylisascaris procyonis
Route of infection
Pathogenesis |
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Definition
"racoon roundworm"
>Infection: eggs are in raccoon poop, millions passed everyday. BUT RARE
>Pathogenesis: eggs hatch and migrate into CNS and other organs.
NO TREATMENT! |
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Term
Toxocara canis
Toxocara cati
Infectivity/life cycle
Pathogenicity
Population |
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Definition
>Infectivity: Ascarid worm makes egg into poop, eat poop, live in gut. Humans come into contact (fecal-oral) with dog poo
>Patho: larva migrates around looking for dog gut. Can get into eye (occular larva migrans) or make tracts along skin (cutaneous larva migrans) making a tract. Respiratory signs, fever, hepatomegaly
>Population: kids, Hx pica, SES |
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Term
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Definition
>parasites of marine mammals
>from eating raw fish
>can kill by cooking or freezing |
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Term
Trichuris trichiura
infectivity
Sx
eggs |
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Definition
"whip worm"
>Infectivity: GI, no migration
>Sx: none to diarrhea with frank blood, anemia, growth retardation
Population: similar to ascaris
Features: egg is dark brown, football shaped, and has caps |
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Term
Necator americanus
Ancylostoma duodenale
Infection
Morphology
Sx
Population |
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Definition
"hookworm"
>Infection: through the soil or meat to lungs, coughed up, swallowed, to GI
>Morphology: cutting plates on mouth to drink blood from gut
>Sx: anemia, diarrhea with blood, vomit, weak, pallor, edema, ground itch as worm migrates, stunted growth
>Population:
A.duodenale - Europe, Africa, Asia
N.americanus - Africa Asia
Women>men |
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Term
Strongyloides stercoralis
associate this with:
Infection
Sx
Dx |
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Definition
>Associated with hospitals and HIV (immunocompromised)
>Infection: penetrate skin, go to lung there they are coughed out and swallowed to GI, eggs hatch inside body=> can autoinfect!
Hyperinfection=in immunosuppressed host due to no immunity to control migration
>Sx: diarrhea, vomit, pneumonitis, hyperinfection, pain, encephalitis, endocarditis (severe)
>Dx: detect larvae in poop
>Population: similar to hookworm |
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Term
Trichinella spiralis
Infection
Pathogenicity
Dx: serology |
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Definition
>Infection: eat undercooked pork or bear meat
>Pathogenicity: larvae enters blood through intestine and makes cysts in muscles of humans or other mammals (larvae)
Dx: serology |
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