Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Medical Dental Terminology
Prefixes/Suffixes/Root-Combining created by C. Susott and M. Kolkman
544
Health Care
Professional
07/25/2008

Additional Health Care Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
-al/ -ar/ -ary
Definition

pertaining to

 

e.g. Axillary

Term
-algia
Definition

pain

 

e.g. fibromyalgia, myalgia (muscle pain)

Term
-cele
Definition
swelling, hernia
Term
-centesis
Definition

surgical puncture

 

e.g. amniocentesis (punture of amniotic sac)

Term
-cyte
Definition

cell

 

e.g. melanocyte

Term
-dipsia
Definition

thirst

 

e.g. adipsia (combination of a- and -dispsia for absence of thirst)

Term
-dynia
Definition
pain
Term
-ectasis
Definition
dilation, expansion
Term
-ectomy
Definition

excision, removal

 

e.g. apendectomy

Term
-edema
Definition

swelling

 

e.g. pitting vs non-pitting edema

Term
-emesis
Definition

vomiting

 

sounds like emit

Term
-emia
Definition

blood

 

e.g. hyperemia-increased blood flow

Term
-gen(esis)
Definition

producing, forming

 

e.g. spermatogenesis

Term
-glia
Definition

glue

 

e.g. ganglia

Term
-gram
Definition

record

 

e.g. cardiogram

Term
-graph
Definition
instrument for recording
Term
-graphy
Definition
process of recording
Term
-gravida
Definition

pregnant

 

Term
-ia
Definition
condition
Term
-iasis
Definition
abnormal condition
Term
-ic
Definition

pertaining to

 

e.g. Alcoholic

Term
-is
Definition
noun ending
Term
-ism
Definition
condition
Term
-ist
Definition

specialist

 

e.g. radiologist

Term
-itis
Definition

inflammation

 

e.g. bronchitis

hepatitis

Term
-lith
Definition

stone

 

e.g. tonsilith

Term
-logist
Definition

specialist in the study of

 

e.g. urologist

neurologist

cardiologist

Term
-logy
Definition

study of

 

e.g. Tooth morphology

oncology

radiology

biology

melonology (from Tool Time)

Term
-lysis
Definition

separation, destruction, loosening

 

e.g. hemolysis

Term
-malacia
Definition

soft, softening

 

e.g. osteomalacia, softening of bones

Term
-megaly
Definition

enlargement

 

e.g. acromegaly, enlargment of body extremities

acro- is another exam term

Term
-oid
Definition

resembling

 

e.g. rhomboid, means resembling a rhombus (the shape)

 

f.y.i.- asteroid means-resembling a star

android-resembling a man

planetoid-resembling a planet

Term
-ole
Definition

small

 

e.g. arteriole

Term
-oma
Definition

tumor

 

e.g. carcinoma

Term
-opia
Definition

vision

 

e.g. myopia

def. nearsightedness

Term
-osis
Definition

abnormal condition

 

e.g. acidosis

Term
-ous
Definition
pertaining to
Term
-pathy
Definition

disease

 

e.g. cardio myopathy

Term
-penia
Definition

decrease

 

e.g. **leukopenia-low white blood cell count

 

**combo of two exam words!

Term
-pepsia
Definition
digestion
Term
-pexy
Definition

fixation

 

e.g. surgical pexy-to fix in place

Term
-phagia
Definition

swallow, eat

 

e.g. **dysphagia-painful swallowing

**phagocyte-cell that swallows foreign material

 

**two exam terms

Term
-phasia
Definition

speech

 

e.g. **aphasia- can't produce speech

 

 **two exam terms

Term
-phobia
Definition

fear

 

e.g. arachnophobia

anatomyphobia...haha

Term
-plasia/ -plasm
Definition

formation, growth

 

e.g. **hyperplasia

 

**Two exam terms

Term
-plasty
Definition
surgical repair e.g. rhinoplasty- nose job

 

[image]

Term
-plegia
Definition

paralysis

 

e.g. cardioplegia-paralysis of the heart

Term
-pnea
Definition

breathing

 

e.g. sleep apnea- cessation of breathing during sleep (your dad probably has it)

Term
-ptosis
Definition

falling, drooping

 

e.g. Ptosis is a name for drooping eyelids

apoptosis-programmed cell death...kinda relates

Term
-rrhage/ -rrhagia
Definition

bursting forth

 

e.g. HEMMORRHAGE!

Billy Madison-what happens to the clown

Term
-rrhea
Definition

flow, discharge

 

e.g. diarrhea

 

 

...cha cha cha

 

http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=The+Diarrhea+Song

Term
-rrhexis
Definition

rupture

 

e.g. arteriorrhexis

Term
-spasm
Definition

involuntary contraction, twitching

 

e.g. laryngospasm

 

spazing out?

Term
-stomy
Definition

forming a new opening or mouth

 

e.g. colostomy-surgical opening in the colon

Term
-tomy
Definition

incision, cut into

 

e.g. anatomy-cut into body

Term
-tripsy
Definition

crushing

 

e.g. **lithotripsy-stone crushing

 

Osteotripsy- BONE CRUSHER! (he's a rapper)

 

**Exam word double whammy

Term
-ule
Definition

small

 

e.g. miniscule

Term
-uria
Definition

urine, urination

 

e.g. polyuria-symptom of diabetes insipidus

Term
a-/ an-
Definition

without, not

 

sleep **apnea- sleep without breathing (my dad has it)

 

exam word double whammy!

Term
ab-
Definition

away from

 

e.g. abduct

Term
acro
Definition

extremities

 

e.g. acromegaly

 

growth of extremities (double exam words)

Term
ad-
Definition

toward, near

 

e.g. adduct

Term
adeno
Definition
gland
Term
adipo
Definition

fat

 

e.g. adipose tissue

adipocyte-fat cell

Term
aero
Definition

air

 

e.g. aerobic workout

anaerobic workout

aeronautics

Term
amelo
Definition
dental enamel
Term
angio
Definition

vessel (blood or lymph)

 

e.g. angiotensin-element of blood that causes blood vessels to constrict

Term
ante-
Definition

before

 

e.g. anterior

 

Antelope...before the lope? jk

Term
antero
Definition
front, anterior
Term
anti-/ contra-
Definition

against

 

e.g. contralateral movement

 

antiterrorist

 

Term
artero
Definition

artery

 

e.g. arteriosclerosis-hardening of arteries

Term
arthro
Definition

joint

 

e.g. arthropod-jointed limbs

Term
auto
Definition

self

 

e.g. automobile

Term
auto-
Definition

self

 

e.g. autosomal

autoerotica

Term
bi-
Definition

two, double

 

e.g.bipolar

 

...not going there

Term
blepharo
Definition

eyelid

 

e.g. blepharospasm-spasm of eyelid

 

double exam word!

Term
brachi
Definition

arm

 

e.g. brachial plexus

Term
brady-
Definition

slow

 

e.g. Brady Quinn

Tom Brady

(both mentally and physically)

 

lol

Term
bucc
Definition

cheek (inside)

 

e.g. buccinator

buccal side

Term
carcino
Definition

cancer

 

e.g. carcinoma

Term
cardio
Definition

heart

 

e.g. cardio workout (aerobics)

cardiolgy

Term
carpo
Definition

wrist (carpus)

 

e.g. carpotunnel syndrome

Term
cephalo
Definition

head

 

 

 

 

Term
cerebro
Definition
brain (cerebrum)
Term
cervico
Definition

neck

 

e.g. cervical plexus

Term
chole
Definition
bile, gall
Term
chondro
Definition

cartilage

 

e.g. chondroma-cancer tumor on cartilage

chondritis-cartilage inflammation

Term
circum
Definition

around

 

e.g. circumference

circumvent

Term
colo, colono
Definition

colon

 

e.g. colonoscopy

Term
con-
Definition

together

 

e.g. arterial confluence-two arteries flowing together

Term
costo
Definition

rib

 

e.g. illiocostalis

costocervical trunk

Term
cranio
Definition
skull (cranium)
Term
cutaneo
Definition

skin

 

e.g. subcutaneous

Term
cyano
Definition

blue

 

e.g. The color cyan

Term
cysto
Definition

bladder

 

e.g. cyst=sac

cysto=large sac (bladder)

Term
cyto
Definition

cell

 

e.g. cytogenesis-creating cells

Term
de-
Definition

down, without

 

e.g. depress

Term
dentino
Definition
dentine
Term
dento
Definition
teeth
Term
dermato, dermo
Definition

skin

 

e.g. "Digger the Dermatophyte"

 

[image]

Term
dia-
Definition
through
Term
diplo
Definition

double

 

e.g. diploid cells

 

Two copies of each chromosome

Term
dis-
Definition

absence, removal, separation

 

e.g. joint dislocation

Term
disto
Definition
far, farthest
Term
dys-
Definition

bad, painful, difficult

 

e.g. hip dysplasia

Term
ec-/ ecto-
Definition

out, outside e.g. ectoplasm-outer part of cell membrane

 

ectocooler...delicious  

[image]

Term
em-/ en-/ end(o)-
Definition

in, within

 

e.g. endodontics

embryology

Term
entero
Definition

intestine

 

e.g. enterotoxin

enterobacteria-bacteria in your intestines

Term
epi-
Definition

above, upon

 

e.g. epidermis

Term
erythro
Definition

red

 

e.g. erythrocytes- red blood cells

Term
eu-
Definition

good, normal

 

eutopia-good place

eugenics-good genes

Term
ex/ o-
Definition

away from, outside

 

e.g. exoskeleton

Term
extra-
Definition

outside, beyond, in addition

 

e.g. extrasomatic-outside the body

extraterrestrial

 

Term
facial
Definition
of the face, buccal/ labial surface of tooth
Term
fossa
Definition

pit, cavity

 

 

Term
gastro
Definition

stomach

 

e.g. gastroenteritis-symtom of the flu, leads to EMESIS (exam term)!

Term
gingivo
Definition

gums

 

e.g. gingivitis- inflammation of gums

Term
gluco
Definition
sugar (glucose)
Term
glyco
Definition
sugar
Term
gyneco
Definition

female

 

e.g gynecologist

Term
hemangio
Definition

blood vessel

 

e.g. hemangiosarcoma-tumor of blood vessel

Term
hemato, hemo
Definition

blood

 

e.g. hematology-study of blood

Term
hemi-
Definition

half, partly

 

e.g. hemisphere

Term
hepato
Definition

liver

 

e.g. hepatitis

Term
hetero-
Definition

other, different, unequal

 

e.g. heterosexual

Term
histo
Definition

tissue

 

e.g. histology-one of our courses that studies different tissues

Term
homo-/ homeo-
Definition

same, unchanging

 

e.g. homogenized

homeostasis

 

...not going there

Term
hydro
Definition

water

 

e.g. hydroelectric power

Term
hyper-
Definition

above, excessive

 

e.g. hyperemia increased blood flow

Term
hypo-
Definition

below, under

 

e.g. hypoxic-low O2 levels

Term
hystero
Definition

uterus

 

e.g. hysterectomy

 

combination of two exam terms

Term
iatric
Definition

healing

 

e.g. geriatric-healing old people

Term
idio
Definition

self

 

e.g. idiophone-instrument that creates sound by its own vibration

Term
im-/ in-
Definition

not (in or into)

 

e.g. impotent :-(

Term
infra-
Definition

below, underneath

 

e.g. infrahyoid muscles!!!

Term
inter-
Definition

between

 

e.g. international

Term
intra-
Definition

within

 

e.g. intravenus (IV)

 

 

Term
intro-
Definition

inward, during

 

e.g. introverted

Term
karyo
Definition

nucleus

 

e.g. eukaryote- true or normal nucleus

Term
kerato
Definition
cornea
Term
kerato
Definition
skin surface, cornea
Term
labio
Definition

lip

 

e.g. Los Labios-spanish for lips

Term
laryngo
Definition

larynx

 

e.g. laryngospasm

 

combo of two exam Q's

Term
latero
Definition

side

 

e.g. lateral

Term
leuco/ leuko
Definition

white

 

e.g. Leukocytes-white blood cells

Term
linguo
Definition

tongue

 

e.g. La lingua-spanish for tongue

way of talking-lingo

Term
lipo
Definition

fat

 

e.g. lipocytes-fat cells

combo of two exam terms

Term
litho
Definition

stone

 

 

Term
lymphangio
Definition

lymph vessel

 

e.g angio is blood vessel, lymphangio is lymph vessel

Term
lympho
Definition

lymph

 

e.g. lymphocyte-nearly colorless cell in blood

Term
mal(i)
Definition

abnormal, bad

 

e.g. mal means bad in spanish

malocclusion-bad bite line-up

Term
malar
Definition

cheek (outside)

 

e.g. latin for cheek

zygomatic bone also called malar bone

Term
mammo, masto
Definition

breast

 

e.g. mammogram

combo of two exam terms

Term
manu
Definition

hand

 

e.g. manual labor

Term
maxillo
Definition
jaw
Term
medi-/ mes(o)-
Definition

middle

 

e.g. medial

Term
mega(lo)-/ marco-/ magno-
Definition
large, very large 

e.g. megadose

Term
melano
Definition
black
Term
ment
Definition

chin

 

e.g. mental triangle

Term
mesio
Definition
middle, near the middle
Term
meta-
Definition

beyond, between

 

metastasis-cancer growth beyond initial location

Term
micro-
Definition
small e.g. microscopemicromachines guy!

 

[image]

Term
mon(o)-/ uni-
Definition

one

 

e.g. mononucleosis

unicycle

Term
morb
Definition

sick

 

e.g morbid

Term
muco
Definition
mucus
Term
myc(o)
Definition

fungus

 

e.g. latin Mykes

mycology

Term
myelo
Definition

bone marrow

 

e.g myeloma-bone cancer (immune cells)

Term
myo
Definition
muscle
Term
naso
Definition

nose

 

e.g. nasocilliary nerves

Term
nato
Definition

birth

 

e.g. neonato-new birth

Term
necro
Definition

death

 

e.g. necrotizing faciitis

necromancer

necrophiliac

Term
neo-
Definition

new

 

e.g. neoplastic-new/cancer cells

neolithic era

Term
nephro
Definition

kidney

 

e.g. nephrons-kidney components

nephrology-study of kidneys

Term
neuro
Definition
nerve
Term
nocto
Definition

night

 

e.g. nocturnal

Term
normo-
Definition
normal
Term
odon/ odonto
Definition

teeth

 

e.g. odontoid ligament

Term
oligo
Definition

few, little

 

e.g. oligonucleotide

Oligochaeta (earthworm-has few movement hairs)

Term
onco
Definition

tumor, mass

 

e.g. oncology-study of cancer/tumors

Term
ophthalmo
Definition

eye

 

e.g. ophthalmogy

Term
oro
Definition
mouth
Term
ortho
Definition

straight

 

e.g. orthodontist-straight teeth

double exam term phrase

Term
os
Definition
bone, mouth
Term
ost(eo)
Definition

bone

 

e.g. osteology

Term
oto
Definition

ear

 

e.g. otic canal

Term
pan-
Definition

all

 

e.g. pandemic

Term
para-
Definition

near, beside, around

 

e.g. parathyroid

Term
parital
Definition
wall
Term
patho
Definition

disease, misery

 

e.g. pathogens

pathologist

pathophysiology

Term
peri-
Definition

around

 

e.g. periodontist

Term
phage
Definition

eat

 

e.g. bacteriophage-virus that "eats" bacteria

Term
phlebo
Definition

vein

 

e.g. phlebotomy-puncture of vein, draw blood

Term
phos/ phot
Definition

light

 

e.g. phosphorescence

photons

Term
plasm/ plast
Definition

molded

 

e.g. cytoplasm-molds shape of cell

Term
pneumo, pneumono
Definition

lung, air, breath

 

e.g. pneumothorax-collasped lung

pneumonia

Term
poly-
Definition

many, much

 

e.g. polyuria

polydipsia

polysaccahride

Term
post-
Definition

after, behind

 

e.g. posterior

Term
postero
Definition
back, behind, posterior
Term
pre-/ pro-
Definition

before, in front of

 

e.g. prefrontal cortex

Term
primi-
Definition

first

 

e.g. primary

Term
procto
Definition

anus, rectum

 

e.g. proctologist

Term
pros-/ prox-
Definition

besides

 

e.g. prosthodontics

proximity

Term
proximo
Definition

near, nearest

 

e.g. proximate distance

proxy server

Term
pseudo-
Definition

false, fake

 

e.g. pseudoscience (Schrader :-)  )

Term
pulmo
Definition

lung

 

e.g pulmonary artery/vein- vessels going to/from lungs

Term
pyelo
Definition

renal pelvis

 

e.g. pyelonephritis

combo of three exam terms

Term
pyo
Definition

pus

 

e.g. pyoderma-pus within skin

Term
quadri-
Definition

four

 

e.g. quadriplegic

Term
radio
Definition
radiation (x-rays)
Term
re-/ red-
Definition

back, again

 

e.g.  reverse 

redo

Term
recto
Definition

rectum

 

rectum?  Nearly killed him!

Term
reno
Definition
kidney
Term
retino
Definition
retina
Term
rhino
Definition

nose

 

e.g. rhinoplasty-nose job

Term
sang(ui)
Definition
blood
Term
sarc(o)
Definition

flesh

 

e.g. sarcoplasmic recticulum

Term
sclero
Definition

hard

 

e.g. scleroderma-real disease where skin turns to "stone"

arteriosclerosis-hardening of arteries

Term
semi-
Definition

half, partial

 

e.g. semicircle

Term
seps/ sept
Definition

make rotten

 

e.g. patient becoming septic

Term
sial(o)
Definition
salivary gland, saliva
Term
sinus
Definition
hollow, pocket
Term
soma/ somy
Definition
body
Term
spondylo
Definition
vertebra
Term
stoma/ stomy
Definition
mouth
Term
stomato
Definition
mouth
Term
sub-
Definition

under, below

 

e.g. submarine

Term
super-/ supra-
Definition

above, excessive

 

e.g. superfluous

Term
syn-/ sym-/ sys-
Definition

together, with

 

e.g. symbiotic

synergistic

Term
tachy
Definition
fast, swift
Term
tachy-
Definition

rapid

 

e.g. tachycardia-rapid heartbeat

Term
tel(e)-/ tel(o)
Definition

end

 

e.g. telomere-end of DNA strand

Term
thoraco
Definition
chest
Term
thrombo
Definition
blood clot
Term
thymo
Definition
thymus gland
Term
thyro
Definition
thyroid gland
Term
toxo, toxico
Definition
poison
Term
trans-/ per-
Definition

through, across, beyond

 

e.g. transcontinental

Term
tri-
Definition

three

 

e.g. trisomy 21- Down's

 

Two exam words combined

Term
tricho
Definition
hair
Term
uro
Definition
urine
Term
vasa
Definition
vessel
Term
vasculo
Definition
blood vessel
Term
veno
Definition
vein
Term
vesico
Definition
bladder, vesicle
Term
xantho
Definition
yellow
Term
xero
Definition
dry
Term
-al/ -ar/ -ary
Definition

pertaining to

 

e.g. Axillary

Term
-algia
Definition

pain

 

e.g. fibromyalgia, myalgia (muscle pain)

Term
-cele
Definition
swelling, hernia
Term
-centesis
Definition

surgical puncture

 

e.g. amniocentesis (punture of amniotic sac)

Term
-cyte
Definition

cell

 

e.g. melanocyte

Term
-dipsia
Definition

thirst

 

e.g. adipsia (combination of a- and -dispsia for absence of thirst)

Term
-dynia
Definition
pain
Term
-ectasis
Definition
dilation, expansion
Term
-ectomy
Definition

excision, removal

 

e.g. apendectomy

Term
-edema
Definition

swelling

 

e.g. pitting vs non-pitting edema

Term
-emesis
Definition

vomiting

 

sounds like emit

Term
-emia
Definition

blood

 

e.g. hyperemia-increased blood flow

Term
-gen(esis)
Definition

producing, forming

 

e.g. spermatogenesis

Term
-glia
Definition

glue

 

e.g. ganglia

Term
-gram
Definition

record

 

e.g. cardiogram

Term
-graph
Definition
instrument for recording
Term
-graphy
Definition
process of recording
Term
-gravida
Definition

pregnant

 

Term
-ia
Definition
condition
Term
-iasis
Definition
abnormal condition
Term
-ic
Definition

pertaining to

 

e.g. Alcoholic

Term
-is
Definition
noun ending
Term
-ism
Definition
condition
Term
-ist
Definition

specialist

 

e.g. radiologist

Term
-itis
Definition

inflammation

 

e.g. bronchitis

hepatitis

Term
-lith
Definition

stone

 

e.g. tonsilith

Term
-logist
Definition

specialist in the study of

 

e.g. urologist

neurologist

cardiologist

Term
-logy
Definition

study of

 

e.g. Tooth morphology

oncology

radiology

biology

melonology (from Tool Time)

Term
-lysis
Definition

separation, destruction, loosening

 

e.g. hemolysis

Term
-malacia
Definition

soft, softening

 

e.g. osteomalacia, softening of bones

Term
-megaly
Definition

enlargement

 

e.g. acromegaly, enlargment of body extremities

acro- is another exam term

Term
-oid
Definition

resembling

 

e.g. rhomboid, means resembling a rhombus (the shape)

 

f.y.i.- asteroid means-resembling a star

android-resembling a man

planetoid-resembling a planet

Term
-ole
Definition

small

 

e.g. arteriole

Term
-oma
Definition

tumor

 

e.g. carcinoma

Term
-opia
Definition

vision

 

e.g. myopia

def. nearsightedness

Term
-osis
Definition

abnormal condition

 

e.g. acidosis

Term
-ous
Definition
pertaining to
Term
-pathy
Definition

disease

 

e.g. cardio myopathy

Term
-penia
Definition

decrease

 

e.g. **leukopenia-low white blood cell count

 

**combo of two exam words!

Term
-pepsia
Definition
digestion
Term
-pexy
Definition

fixation

 

e.g. surgical pexy-to fix in place

Term
-phagia
Definition

swallow, eat

 

e.g. **dysphagia-painful swallowing

**phagocyte-cell that swallows foreign material

 

**two exam terms

Term
-phasia
Definition

speech

 

e.g. **aphasia- can't produce speech

 

 **two exam terms

Term
-phobia
Definition

fear

 

e.g. arachnophobia

anatomyphobia...haha

Term
-plasia/ -plasm
Definition

formation, growth

 

e.g. **hyperplasia

 

**Two exam terms

Term
-plasty
Definition
surgical repair e.g. rhinoplasty- nose job

 

[image]

Term
-plegia
Definition

paralysis

 

e.g. cardioplegia-paralysis of the heart

Term
-pnea
Definition

breathing

 

e.g. sleep apnea- cessation of breathing during sleep (your dad probably has it)

Term
-ptosis
Definition

falling, drooping

 

e.g. Ptosis is a name for drooping eyelids

apoptosis-programmed cell death...kinda relates

Term
-rrhage/ -rrhagia
Definition

bursting forth

 

e.g. HEMMORRHAGE!

Billy Madison-what happens to the clown

Term
-rrhea
Definition

flow, discharge

 

e.g. diarrhea

 

 

...cha cha cha

 

http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=The+Diarrhea+Song

Term
-rrhexis
Definition

rupture

 

e.g. arteriorrhexis

Term
-spasm
Definition

involuntary contraction, twitching

 

e.g. laryngospasm

 

spazing out?

Term
-stomy
Definition

forming a new opening or mouth

 

e.g. colostomy-surgical opening in the colon

Term
-tomy
Definition

incision, cut into

 

e.g. anatomy-cut into body

Term
-tripsy
Definition

crushing

 

e.g. **lithotripsy-stone crushing

 

Osteotripsy- BONE CRUSHER! (he's a rapper)

 

**Exam word double whammy

Term
-ule
Definition

small

 

e.g. miniscule

Term
-uria
Definition

urine, urination

 

e.g. polyuria-symptom of diabetes insipidus

Term
a-/ an-
Definition

without, not

 

sleep **apnea- sleep without breathing (my dad has it)

 

exam word double whammy!

Term
ab-
Definition

away from

 

e.g. abduct

Term
acro
Definition

extremities

 

e.g. acromegaly

 

growth of extremities (double exam words)

Term
ad-
Definition

toward, near

 

e.g. adduct

Term
adeno
Definition
gland
Term
adipo
Definition

fat

 

e.g. adipose tissue

adipocyte-fat cell

Term
aero
Definition

air

 

e.g. aerobic workout

anaerobic workout

aeronautics

Term
amelo
Definition
dental enamel
Term
angio
Definition

vessel (blood or lymph)

 

e.g. angiotensin-element of blood that causes blood vessels to constrict

Term
ante-
Definition

before

 

e.g. anterior

 

Antelope...before the lope? jk

Term
antero
Definition
front, anterior
Term
anti-/ contra-
Definition

against

 

e.g. contralateral movement

 

antiterrorist

 

Term
artero
Definition

artery

 

e.g. arteriosclerosis-hardening of arteries

Term
arthro
Definition

joint

 

e.g. arthropod-jointed limbs

Term
auto
Definition

self

 

e.g. automobile

Term
auto-
Definition

self

 

e.g. autosomal

autoerotica

Term
bi-
Definition

two, double

 

e.g.bipolar

 

...not going there

Term
blepharo
Definition

eyelid

 

e.g. blepharospasm-spasm of eyelid

 

double exam word!

Term
brachi
Definition

arm

 

e.g. brachial plexus

Term
brady-
Definition

slow

 

e.g. Brady Quinn

Tom Brady

(both mentally and physically)

 

lol

Term
bucc
Definition

cheek (inside)

 

e.g. buccinator

buccal side

Term
carcino
Definition

cancer

 

e.g. carcinoma

Term
cardio
Definition

heart

 

e.g. cardio workout (aerobics)

cardiolgy

Term
carpo
Definition

wrist (carpus)

 

e.g. carpotunnel syndrome

Term
cephalo
Definition

head

 

 

 

 

Term
cerebro
Definition
brain (cerebrum)
Term
cervico
Definition

neck

 

e.g. cervical plexus

Term
chole
Definition
bile, gall
Term
chondro
Definition

cartilage

 

e.g. chondroma-cancer tumor on cartilage

chondritis-cartilage inflammation

Term
circum
Definition

around

 

e.g. circumference

circumvent

Term
colo, colono
Definition

colon

 

e.g. colonoscopy

Term
con-
Definition

together

 

e.g. arterial confluence-two arteries flowing together

Term
costo
Definition

rib

 

e.g. illiocostalis

costocervical trunk

Term
cranio
Definition
skull (cranium)
Term
cutaneo
Definition

skin

 

e.g. subcutaneous

Term
cyano
Definition

blue

 

e.g. The color cyan

Term
cysto
Definition

bladder

 

e.g. cyst=sac

cysto=large sac (bladder)

Term
cyto
Definition

cell

 

e.g. cytogenesis-creating cells

Term
de-
Definition

down, without

 

e.g. depress

Term
dentino
Definition
dentine
Term
dento
Definition
teeth
Term
dermato, dermo
Definition

skin

 

e.g. "Digger the Dermatophyte"

 

[image]

Term
dia-
Definition
through
Term
diplo
Definition

double

 

e.g. diploid cells

 

Two copies of each chromosome

Term
dis-
Definition

absence, removal, separation

 

e.g. joint dislocation

Term
disto
Definition
far, farthest
Term
dys-
Definition

bad, painful, difficult

 

e.g. hip dysplasia

Term
ec-/ ecto-
Definition

out, outside e.g. ectoplasm-outer part of cell membrane

 

ectocooler...delicious  

[image]

Term
em-/ en-/ end(o)-
Definition

in, within

 

e.g. endodontics

embryology

Term
entero
Definition

intestine

 

e.g. enterotoxin

enterobacteria-bacteria in your intestines

Term
epi-
Definition

above, upon

 

e.g. epidermis

Term
erythro
Definition

red

 

e.g. erythrocytes- red blood cells

Term
eu-
Definition

good, normal

 

eutopia-good place

eugenics-good genes

Term
ex/ o-
Definition

away from, outside

 

e.g. exoskeleton

Term
extra-
Definition

outside, beyond, in addition

 

e.g. extrasomatic-outside the body

extraterrestrial

 

Term
facial
Definition
of the face, buccal/ labial surface of tooth
Term
fossa
Definition

pit, cavity

 

 

Term
gastro
Definition

stomach

 

e.g. gastroenteritis-symtom of the flu, leads to EMESIS (exam term)!

Term
gingivo
Definition

gums

 

e.g. gingivitis- inflammation of gums

Term
gluco
Definition
sugar (glucose)
Term
glyco
Definition
sugar
Term
gyneco
Definition

female

 

e.g gynecologist

Term
hemangio
Definition

blood vessel

 

e.g. hemangiosarcoma-tumor of blood vessel

Term
hemato, hemo
Definition

blood

 

e.g. hematology-study of blood

Term
hemi-
Definition

half, partly

 

e.g. hemisphere

Term
hepato
Definition

liver

 

e.g. hepatitis

Term
hetero-
Definition

other, different, unequal

 

e.g. heterosexual

Term
histo
Definition

tissue

 

e.g. histology-one of our courses that studies different tissues

Term
homo-/ homeo-
Definition

same, unchanging

 

e.g. homogenized

homeostasis

 

...not going there

Term
hydro
Definition

water

 

e.g. hydroelectric power

Term
hyper-
Definition

above, excessive

 

e.g. hyperemia increased blood flow

Term
hypo-
Definition

below, under

 

e.g. hypoxic-low O2 levels

Term
hystero
Definition

uterus

 

e.g. hysterectomy

 

combination of two exam terms

Term
iatric
Definition

healing

 

e.g. geriatric-healing old people

Term
idio
Definition

self

 

e.g. idiophone-instrument that creates sound by its own vibration

Term
im-/ in-
Definition

not (in or into)

 

e.g. impotent :-(

Term
infra-
Definition

below, underneath

 

e.g. infrahyoid muscles!!!

Term
inter-
Definition

between

 

e.g. international

Term
intra-
Definition

within

 

e.g. intravenus (IV)

 

 

Term
intro-
Definition

inward, during

 

e.g. introverted

Term
karyo
Definition

nucleus

 

e.g. eukaryote- true or normal nucleus

Term
kerato
Definition
cornea
Term
kerato
Definition
skin surface, cornea
Term
labio
Definition

lip

 

e.g. Los Labios-spanish for lips

Term
laryngo
Definition

larynx

 

e.g. laryngospasm

 

combo of two exam Q's

Term
latero
Definition

side

 

e.g. lateral

Term
leuco/ leuko
Definition

white

 

e.g. Leukocytes-white blood cells

Term
linguo
Definition

tongue

 

e.g. La lingua-spanish for tongue

way of talking-lingo

Term
lipo
Definition

fat

 

e.g. lipocytes-fat cells

combo of two exam terms

Term
litho
Definition

stone

 

 

Term
lymphangio
Definition

lymph vessel

 

e.g angio is blood vessel, lymphangio is lymph vessel

Term
lympho
Definition

lymph

 

e.g. lymphocyte-nearly colorless cell in blood

Term
mal(i)
Definition

abnormal, bad

 

e.g. mal means bad in spanish

malocclusion-bad bite line-up

Term
malar
Definition

cheek (outside)

 

e.g. latin for cheek

zygomatic bone also called malar bone

Term
mammo, masto
Definition

breast

 

e.g. mammogram

combo of two exam terms

Term
manu
Definition

hand

 

e.g. manual labor

Term
maxillo
Definition
jaw
Term
medi-/ mes(o)-
Definition

middle

 

e.g. medial

Term
mega(lo)-/ marco-/ magno-
Definition
large, very large 

e.g. megadose

Term
melano
Definition
black
Term
ment
Definition

chin

 

e.g. mental triangle

Term
mesio
Definition
middle, near the middle
Term
meta-
Definition

beyond, between

 

metastasis-cancer growth beyond initial location

Term
micro-
Definition
small e.g. microscopemicromachines guy!

 

[image]

Term
mon(o)-/ uni-
Definition

one

 

e.g. mononucleosis

unicycle

Term
morb
Definition

sick

 

e.g morbid

Term
muco
Definition
mucus
Term
myc(o)
Definition

fungus

 

e.g. latin Mykes

mycology

Term
myelo
Definition

bone marrow

 

e.g myeloma-bone cancer (immune cells)

Term
myo
Definition
muscle
Term
naso
Definition

nose

 

e.g. nasocilliary nerves

Term
nato
Definition

birth

 

e.g. neonato-new birth

Term
necro
Definition

death

 

e.g. necrotizing faciitis

necromancer

necrophiliac

Term
neo-
Definition

new

 

e.g. neoplastic-new/cancer cells

neolithic era

Term
nephro
Definition

kidney

 

e.g. nephrons-kidney components

nephrology-study of kidneys

Term
neuro
Definition
nerve
Term
nocto
Definition

night

 

e.g. nocturnal

Term
normo-
Definition
normal
Term
odon/ odonto
Definition

teeth

 

e.g. odontoid ligament

Term
oligo
Definition

few, little

 

e.g. oligonucleotide

Oligochaeta (earthworm-has few movement hairs)

Term
onco
Definition

tumor, mass

 

e.g. oncology-study of cancer/tumors

Term
ophthalmo
Definition

eye

 

e.g. ophthalmogy

Term
oro
Definition
mouth
Term
ortho
Definition

straight

 

e.g. orthodontist-straight teeth

double exam term phrase

Term
os
Definition
bone, mouth
Term
ost(eo)
Definition

bone

 

e.g. osteology

Term
oto
Definition

ear

 

e.g. otic canal

Term
pan-
Definition

all

 

e.g. pandemic

Term
para-
Definition

near, beside, around

 

e.g. parathyroid

Term
parital
Definition
wall
Term
patho
Definition

disease, misery

 

e.g. pathogens

pathologist

pathophysiology

Term
peri-
Definition

around

 

e.g. periodontist

Term
phage
Definition

eat

 

e.g. bacteriophage-virus that "eats" bacteria

Term
phlebo
Definition

vein

 

e.g. phlebotomy-puncture of vein, draw blood

Term
phos/ phot
Definition

light

 

e.g. phosphorescence

photons

Term
plasm/ plast
Definition

molded

 

e.g. cytoplasm-molds shape of cell

Term
pneumo, pneumono
Definition

lung, air, breath

 

e.g. pneumothorax-collasped lung

pneumonia

Term
poly-
Definition

many, much

 

e.g. polyuria

polydipsia

polysaccahride

Term
post-
Definition

after, behind

 

e.g. posterior

Term
postero
Definition
back, behind, posterior
Term
pre-/ pro-
Definition

before, in front of

 

e.g. prefrontal cortex

Term
primi-
Definition

first

 

e.g. primary

Term
procto
Definition

anus, rectum

 

e.g. proctologist

Term
pros-/ prox-
Definition

besides

 

e.g. prosthodontics

proximity

Term
proximo
Definition

near, nearest

 

e.g. proximate distance

proxy server

Term
pseudo-
Definition

false, fake

 

e.g. pseudoscience (Schrader :-)  )

Term
pulmo
Definition

lung

 

e.g pulmonary artery/vein- vessels going to/from lungs

Term
pyelo
Definition

renal pelvis

 

e.g. pyelonephritis

combo of three exam terms

Term
pyo
Definition

pus

 

e.g. pyoderma-pus within skin

Term
quadri-
Definition

four

 

e.g. quadriplegic

Term
radio
Definition
radiation (x-rays)
Term
re-/ red-
Definition

back, again

 

e.g.  reverse 

redo

Term
recto
Definition

rectum

 

rectum?  Nearly killed him!

Term
reno
Definition
kidney
Term
retino
Definition
retina
Term
rhino
Definition

nose

 

e.g. rhinoplasty-nose job

Term
sang(ui)
Definition
blood
Term
sarc(o)
Definition

flesh

 

e.g. sarcoplasmic recticulum

Term
sclero
Definition

hard

 

e.g. scleroderma-real disease where skin turns to "stone"

arteriosclerosis-hardening of arteries

Term
semi-
Definition

half, partial

 

e.g. semicircle

Term
seps/ sept
Definition

make rotten

 

e.g. patient becoming septic

Term
sial(o)
Definition
salivary gland, saliva
Term
sinus
Definition
hollow, pocket
Term
soma/ somy
Definition
body
Term
spondylo
Definition
vertebra
Term
stoma/ stomy
Definition
mouth
Term
stomato
Definition
mouth
Term
sub-
Definition

under, below

 

e.g. submarine

Term
super-/ supra-
Definition

above, excessive

 

e.g. superfluous

Term
syn-/ sym-/ sys-
Definition

together, with

 

e.g. symbiotic

synergistic

Term
tachy
Definition
fast, swift
Term
tachy-
Definition

rapid

 

e.g. tachycardia-rapid heartbeat

Term
tel(e)-/ tel(o)
Definition

end

 

e.g. telomere-end of DNA strand

Term
thoraco
Definition
chest
Term
thrombo
Definition
blood clot
Term
thymo
Definition
thymus gland
Term
thyro
Definition
thyroid gland
Term
toxo, toxico
Definition
poison
Term
trans-/ per-
Definition

through, across, beyond

 

e.g. transcontinental

Term
tri-
Definition

three

 

e.g. trisomy 21- Down's

 

Two exam words combined

Term
tricho
Definition
hair
Term
uro
Definition
urine
Term
vasa
Definition
vessel
Term
vasculo
Definition
blood vessel
Term
veno
Definition
vein
Term
vesico
Definition
bladder, vesicle
Term
xantho
Definition
yellow
Term
xero
Definition
dry
Term
CN I
Definition

Olfactory

(Sensory-SMELL)

Term
Olfactory's Course
Definition
multiple olfactory filaments pass through the cribriform plate to exit the anterior cranial fossa and synapse in the olfactory bulb; the olfactory tract carries the signal from the bulb to olfactory cortex of the forebrain
Term
Sensory Innervation of Olfactory
Definition

Receptors of olfactory epithelium (SMELL)

Term
CN II
Definition

Optic

(Sensory)

Term
Optic Nerve's Course
Definition
through the optic canal of sphenoid to the optic chiasma
Term
Sensory Innervation of Optic N.
Definition
Retina of eye, vision
Term
CN III
Definition

Oculomotor

(motor)

movement of eye

Term
Oculomotor's Innervations
Definition

superior br.: levator palpebrae superioris m., superior rectus m.; inferior br: medial rectus m., inferior rectus m., inferior oblique m.;

GVE: ciliary m. & sphincter pupillae m. (preganglionic parasympathetic axons go to the ciliary ganglion via the parasympathetic root, postganglionic parasympathetic go from the ciliary ganglion to the eyeball via short ciliary nn.)

Term
Oculomotor's Course
Definition
passes through the superior orbital fissure of sphenoid to exit the middle cranial fossa
Term
CN IV
Definition

Trochlear

(Motor)

Superior Oblique Muscle

Term
Trochlear's Course
Definition
the trochlear n. passes through the superior orbital fissure to exit the middle cranial fossa; it is the smallest cranial nerve and the only cranial nerve to arise from dorsum of brainstem
Term
Motor Innervation of Trochlear
Definition
superior oblique m. of the eye (GSE)
Term
CN V
Definition

Trigeminal Nerve

(Motor and Sensory)

Term
Trigeminal Motor Innervations
Definition
anterior belly of the digastric m., mylohyoid m., tensor veli palatini m., tensor tympani m.; muscles of mastication: temporalis m., masseter m., lateral pterygoid m., medial pterygoid m.
Term
Sensory of Trigeminal
Definition
skin of the face; mucous membranes of the nasal and oral cavities; general sensation (GSA) to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
Term
Branches of Trigeminal
Definition

V1- Ophthalmic

V2- Maxillary

V3- Mandibular

Term
Sensory Innervation of Opthalmic (CN V1)
Definition
Sensory to the upper face
Term

Cranial Exit of CN V1

Definition

All 3 branches of Opthalmic n. exit through the superior orbit fissure

Term
Sensory Innervation of Maxillary nerve (CN V2)
Definition
Sensory to middle part of face and Maxillary Teeth
Term
Cranial Exit of CN V2
Definition
Maxilarry nerve exits through foramen rotundum
Term
Sensory Innervation of Mandibular Nerve (CN V3)
Definition
Lower part of face and mandibular teeth
Term
Cranial Exit of CN V3
Definition

Mandibular Nerve exits through foramen ovale

Term
CN VI
Definition

Abducens

(Motor)

Term
Course of Abducens
Definition
passes through the superior orbital fissure
Term

Motor Innervation of Abducens N.

Definition
lateral rectus m.
Term
CN VII
Definition

Facial

(Motor and Sensory)

Term
Course of Facial Nerve
Definition
exits the posterior cranial fossa by passing into the internal acoustic meatus, goes through the facial canal; motor to muscles of facial expression exits the skull at the stylomastoid foramen
Term
Motor Innervations of Facial N.
Definition
stapedius m., stylohyoid m., posterior belly of digastric m., muscles of facial expression; secretomotor to lacrimal, submandibular, sublingual, and mucous glands of the nasal and oral cavities
Term
Sensory Innervations of Facial N.
Definition
Geniculate ganglion recieves taste (SVA) from the anterior 2/3 of the tongue; part of the skin of the external auditory meatus
Term
Autonomic component of Facial N.
Definition

secretomotor

 

pterygopalantime ganglion-lacrimal palatal, pharyngeal, and nasal glands

 

submandibular ganglion- submandibular and sublingual salivary glands

Term
CN VIII
Definition

Vestibulocochlear Nerve

(Sensory)

Term
Course of Vestibulocochlear Nerve
Definition
auditory nerve; passes into the internal auditory meatus
Term
Sensory Innervation of Vestibulocochlear Nerve
Definition
vestibular: balance/proprioception/equilibrium (SSA); cochlear: hearing (SSA)
Term
CN IX
Definition

Glossopharyngeal Nerve

(Sensory and Motor)

Term
Course of Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Definition
exits the posterior cranial fossa by passing through the jugular foramen;it may penetrate the stylopharyngeus m.
Term
Motor Innervation of Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Definition

SVE: stylopharyngeus;

 

GVE: secretomotor to the parotid gland (preganglionic parasympathetic via the tympanic n. to the lesser petrosal n. to the otic ganglion; postganglionic parasympathetic via the auriculotemporal n.)

Term
Sensory Innervation of Glossopharyngeal Nerve
Definition
GVA: carotid body, carotid sinus, pharynx, middle ear; GSA: skin of the external ear; SVA: taste from the posterior 1/3 of the tongue
Term
CN X
Definition

Vagus Nerve

(Motor and Sensory)

Term

Course of Vagus Nerve

Definition
passes through the jugular foramen to exit the posterior cranial fossa; vagus means "wanderer" in reference to its extensive distribution to the body cavities
Term
Sensory Innervation of Vagus Nerve
Definition
GSA: skin of the external auditory meatus; GVA: viscera of head, neck, thorax & abdomen proximal to the left colic flexure; SVA: taste from the epiglottis
Term
Motor Innervation of Vagus Nerve
Definition

SVE: intrinsic muscles of the larynx, pharynx (except stylopharyngeus), and palate (except tensor veli palatini);

GVE: smooth muscle of the respiratory tree & gut (proximal to the left colic flexure), heart; secretomotor: mucous glands of the larynx, respiratory tree, pharynx and gut; secretomotor to digestive glands

Term
Autonomic afferents of Vagus N.
Definition

Info on lung volume, stomach, and intestinal stretch

Term
CN XI
Definition

Acessory Nerve

(Motor)

Term
Course of Accessory Nerve
Definition
spinal root enters cranial cavity by passing through the foramen magnum; exits skull by passing through the jugular foramen; accessory n. is motor only; the subtrapezial plexus of nerves receives proprioceptive fibers: for the sternocleidomastoid m. from the ventral primary rami of spinal nn. C2 and C3 - for trapezius via ventral primary rami of C3 and C4
Term
Motor Innervation of Accessory N.
Definition
sternocleidomastoid and trapezius mm.
Term

CN XII

Definition

Hypoglossal Nerve

(motor)

Term
Course of Hypoglossal
Definition
exits the posterior cranial fossa by passing through the hypoglossal canal; the superior root of the ansa cervicalis travels with the hypoglossal n. for a short distance
Term
Motor Innervation of Hypoglossal
Definition
intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of the tongue (except the palatoglossus m.)
Term

Cranial Nerves that are extensions of the brain

Definition

Olfactory and Optic.

Both Contain 3 meningeal layers of brain (dura, arachnoid, pia)

Term

Chad's Challenge Question

 

Name 2 cranial foramen that the Vagus N. Passes through

Definition

Foramen Magnum (entering the cranial cavity after branching off the spinal cord)

 

Exits through the jugular foramen!

Term
Purpose of Optic Chiasm
Definition

Crosses over fibers of optic nerve.  Medial aspects of retina corresponds to contralateral lobes in the visual cortex of the brain.  Lateral aspects of the retina correspond to ipsilateral lobes in the brain's visual cortex.

 

According to Babler this creates Binocular Vision or a seemless blending of two images into one.

Term

Chad's Challenge Question #2

Swelling of the jugular vein as it leaves the skull could compress which cranial Nerves?

Definition
CN IX, X, XI
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