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Under or below
deficient or decreasing |
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| difficult, painful, abnormal |
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A mixture or blending
(Often used in relation to blood) |
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Process of recording
(Picture or record) |
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bleeding, excessive flow
ex: hemorrhage |
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| producing, originating, or causing |
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| instrument used to record |
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| Field of medicine, treatment |
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| specialist in a field of study |
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| Madness or excessive preoccupation |
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| cutting or surgical incision |
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| Having an affinity for, influencing |
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vessel
(usually blood or lymph) |
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capillaries
(the smallest blood vessels) |
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cerebellum
(part of the brain) |
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dura mater
(outermost layer of the meninges) |
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Ganglion
(A cluster of nerve cell bodies) |
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Meninges
(membranes covering the brain and spinal cord) |
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Gray matter
(of the brain or spinal cord) |
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Pons
(A part of the brainstem) |
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| radic/o, radicul/o, rhiz/o |
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vagus nerve
(a cranial nerve) |
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A-fib
(Atrial Fibrillation) |
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| An irregular and often rapid heart rate that can lead to poor blood flow. |
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AED
(Automated External Defibrillator) |
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| A portable device that can detect life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias and deliver an electrical shock to restore normal heart rhythm, typically used during sudden cardiac arrest. |
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CABG
(Coronary Artery Bypass Graft) |
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| A surgical procedure that improves blood flow to the heart by using a healthy blood vessel from another part of the body to bypass a blocked coronary artery, restoring oxygen-rich blood flow to the heart muscle. |
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CAD
(Coronary Artery Disease) |
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| The narrowing or blockage of the coronary arteries due to the buildup of plaque, reducing blood flow to the heart. |
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Card Cath, CC
(Cardiac Catheterization) |
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| A procedure used to diagnose and treat cardiovascular conditions by inserting a thin tube (catheter) into the heart through blood vessels, often used to examine blockages or perform treatments like angioplasty. |
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CVI
(Chronic Venous Insufficiency) |
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| Occurs when veins in the legs don’t allow blood to flow back properly to the heart, causing blood to pool in the veins. |
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EKG, ECG
(Electrocardiogram) |
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| Is a test that measures the electrical activity of the myocardium to detect abnormalities in heart rhythm, structure, or function. |
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| Commonly known as high blood pressure, occurs when the force of blood against artery walls is too high, increasing the risk of heart disease, stroke, and other cardiovascular problems. |
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ICD
(Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator) |
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| A device implanted in the chest or abdomen to monitor heart rhythm and deliver shocks if dangerous arrhythmias are detected, preventing sudden cardiac arrest. |
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MI
(Myocardial infarction) |
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| A myocardial infarction, or heart attack, occurs when blood flow to a part of the heart is blocked, causing damage to the heart muscle. This is often caused by a blockage in one or more coronary arteries. |
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PAD
(Peripheral Artery Disease) |
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| A condition where narrowed arteries reduce blood flow to the limbs, commonly the legs. |
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PVD
(Peripheral Vascular Disease) |
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| A circulation disorder that affects blood vessels outside the heart and brain, often causing reduced blood flow to the arms and legs, leading to pain or cramping. |
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TPA
(Tissue Plasminogen Activator) |
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| a clot-dissolving medication used in the treatment of stroke or heart attack by breaking down blood clots that obstruct blood flow to vital organs. |
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TST
(Treadmill Stress Test) |
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| A diagnostic test that involves walking on a treadmill while monitoring heart activity to assess how the heart functions during physical stress. |
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V-fib
(Ventricular Fibrillation) |
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| A life-threatening arrhythmia in which the lower chambers of the heart (ventricles) quiver instead of pumping blood effectively, often leading to cardiac arrest. |
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| a progressive neurological disorder that leads to memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. |
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ALS
(Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis) |
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| Also known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, leading to muscle weakness, paralysis, and eventually respiratory failure. |
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ADHD
(Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder) |
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| a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent patterns of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsiveness that interfere with daily functioning or development. |
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| a group of disorders that affect movement, muscle tone, or posture, caused by damage to the developing brain, typically before or at birth. |
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CSF
(Cerebrospinal fluid) |
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| the clear fluid that surrounds and protects the brain and spinal cord, providing cushioning and acting as a medium for nutrient and waste exchange. |
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EEG
(Electroencephalogram) |
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| a diagnostic test that records electrical activity in the brain using electrodes placed on the scalp, often used to detect seizures, brain disorders, or sleep disturbances. |
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ICP
(Intracranial Pressure) |
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| Refers to the pressure inside the skull and brain. |
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LOC
(Level of consciousness) |
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| refers to a person's state of awareness, ranging from full alertness to deep coma. It is often used to assess a patient's neurological function after injury or illness. |
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| A lumbar puncture, or spinal tap, is a medical procedure in which a needle is inserted into the lower back to collect cerebrospinal fluid for diagnostic testing, often used to diagnose conditions like meningitis or multiple sclerosis. |
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| a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system, leading to damage to the myelin sheath that protects nerve fibers, causing symptoms such as fatigue, weakness, and difficulty with coordination. |
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OCD
(Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder) |
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| A mental health disorder characterized by recurring, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions) that a person feels driven to perform to reduce anxiety. |
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PTSD
(Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder) |
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| a mental health condition triggered by experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event. It is characterized by flashbacks, severe anxiety, and uncontrollable thoughts about the event. |
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| a sudden, uncontrolled electrical disturbance in the brain that can cause changes in behavior, movements, feelings, or consciousness. |
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TIA
(Transient Ischemic Attack) |
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| A TIA, or mini-stroke, occurs when there is a temporary blockage of blood flow to the brain, causing stroke-like symptoms that resolve within a few minutes to hours without permanent damage. |
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