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| painful, difficult, abnormal, labored |
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| surgical puncture to aspirate fluid |
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| surgical fixation, fusion |
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| excision, surgical removal, cutting out |
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| the record, radiographic image |
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| process of recording, radiographic imaging |
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| loosening, separating, dissolution |
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| fibrous connective tissue |
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| increased convexity of the spine |
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| lamina (Thin, flat plate or layer) |
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| smooth (visceral) muscle that lines the walls of internal organs |
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| bent forward, increased concavity of the spine |
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| loin, lumbar region of the spine |
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| marrow (bone), spinal cord |
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| bones of the fingers and toes |
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| vertebral spine, vertebral column |
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| vertebra, spine, vertebral column |
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| vertebra, spine, vertebral column |
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| BDT= Bone Density Testing |
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| A diagnostics test used to measure bone mineral density and determine the strength of bones. it is.\nCommonly used to diagnose conditions like osteoporosis and assess fracture risk. technique.\nS include dual energy x ray absorptiometry (DEXA) |
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| CTS= Carpal Tunnel Syndrome |
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| I condition called by compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel in the wrist. symptoms include pain , numbness and singling in the fingers and hands, often associated with repetitive motions like typing or assembly work |
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| A diagnostic procedure that measures the electrical activity of muscles in response to nerve stimulation. EMG is you to evaluate muscle weakness, Nerve dysfunction, or neuromuscular disorder |
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| A group of genetic disorders that cause progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. type of muscular dystrophy include Duchenne muscular dystrophy (most common) and Becker muscular dystrophy amongst others |
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| A chronic autoimmune disorder that disrupts communication between nerves and muscles , leading to muscle weakness. symptoms often include drooping eyelids , difficulty swallowing and fatigue with activity |
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| A degenerative joint disease caused by the breakdown of cartilage within joints. Common symptoms include joint pain stiffness and reduced mobility. A primarily affects weight-bearing joints such as knees, hips and spines. |
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| A condition, characterized by a decreased in bone density, making bones weak brittle and more prone to fractures.It often affects older adults , especially post menopausal women due to reduced levels of estrogen |
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| A therapeutic approach focused on enabling individuals to perform meaningful daily activity and tasks.Despite injury , illness and disability o t helps patients regain independence and activities of daily living and adapt to physical cognitive limitations |
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| PKR= Partial Knee Replacement |
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| Surgical procedure in which only the damage part of the knee joint is replaced with a prosthetic PKR YES\NAN ALTERNATIVE TO TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT FOR PATIENTS WITH LOCALIZED ARTHRITIS IN ONE COMPARTMENT OF THE KNEE |
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| PMR=Polymyalgia Rheumatica |
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| Inflammatory disorder that causes muscle pain and stiffness , particularly in the shoulders , neck and hips PMR in more comment in older adults and is often associated Systemic inflammation such as in giant cell orders |
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| A chronic autoimmune disease that causes inflammation in the joint , leading to pain swelling stiffness and deformities , unlike osteoarthritis RA often smaller joints and can't involvesy like fatigue and fever |
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| The extent of movement, a joint or muscle can achieve in various directions.It is often assessed in physical therapy evaluation , post surgery rehabilitation to determine joint health or progress of recovery |
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| RSD= Repetitive stress disorder |
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| A condition caused by repetitive motion are overuse of muscles, tendons or nerves, leading to pain inflammation or injury.Common examples include tennis , elbow or carpal tunnel syndrome |
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| THR= TOTAL HIP REPLACEMENT |
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| Surgical procedure in which the damage hip joint is replaced with an artificial prosthesis. THR it's often performed for severe arthritis , art hip fractures restoring function and relieving pain |
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| TKR= TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT |
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| A surgical procedure in which the entire knee joint is replaced with a prosthese TKR is used to treat severe arthritis or joint damage that significantly impacts mobility in quality of life |
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| Named after achilles , a hero of greek mythology the tendon that connects the calf muscles to the heel bone , it plays a critical role in walking running and jumping frequently injured in sports, leading to conditions such as Achilles tendinitis or ruptures |
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| Named after SIR James Paget, a British surgeon. a chronic bone disorder causing abnormal bone remodeling, leading to weakening enlarged or deformed bone.It commonly affects the pelvis calls by and lakes.Early diagnosis is essential to prevent fractures and manage symptoms |
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| Named after William Morrant Baker, A British Surgeon fluid field sac, located behind the knee, resulting from joint inflammation or conditions like Arthritis, a baker.This comment and patients with osteoarthritis i need injuries.It can't cause swelling discomfort and limited knee movement |
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| Named after Wilhelm Heinrich Erb, a German neurologist a condition caused by injury to the brachial.Plexus, often during birth or trauma, it leads to weakness or paralysis in the shoulder and elbow muscles early diagnosis and intervention through physical therapy are essential for improving outcomes and affected individuals. |
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