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Med Terms Week 6
Med Terms Week 6 for APC CUW
50
Pharmacology
Graduate
09/23/2014

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Cards

Term
aden/o
Definition
gland
Term
adren/o, adrenal/o
Definition
adrenal gland
Term
andr/o
Definition
male
Term
crin/o
Definition
to secrete
Term
dips/o
Definition
thirst
Term
gluc/o, glucoso, glyc/o
Definition
glucose (sugar)
Term
hormon/o
Definition
hormone (an urging on)
Term
ket/o, keton/o
Definition
ketone bodies
Term
pancreat/o
Definition
pancreas
Term
thym/o
Definition
thymus gland
Term
thyr/o, thyroid/o
Definition
thyroid gland (shield)
Term
adrenal glands
Definition
located on the superior surface of each kidney; the adrenal cortex secretes steroid hormones, and the adrenal medulla secretes epinephrine and norepinephrine
Term
Steroid hormones
Definition
hormones secreted by the adrenal cortex
Term
glucocorticoids
Definition
regulate carbohydrate metabolism and have antiinflammatory effects
Term
mineral corticosteroids
Definition
maintain salt and water balance
Term
androgens
Definition
influence development and maintenance of male sex characteristics, for example facial hair, and deep voice
Term
catecholamines
Definition
hormones secreted by the adrenal medulla that affect the sympathetic nervous system in stress response
Term
epinephrine
Definition
secreted in response to fear or injury
Term
norepinephrine
Definition
secreted in response to hypotension and physical stress
Term
ovaries
Definition
located on both sides of the uterus in the female pelvis; secrete estrogen and progesterone
Term
estrogen
Definition
responsible for the development of female secondary sex characteristics
Term
progesterone
Definition
regulates uterine conditions during pregnancy
Term
islets of Langerhans of the pancreas
Definition
endocrine tissue within the pancreas; secretes insulin and glucagon
Term
insulin
Definition
a hormone secreted by the beta cells of the islets of langerhans that is responsible for regulating the metabolism of glucose
Term
glucagon
Definition
hormone secreted by alpha cells of islets of langerhans that serves to regulate carbohydrate metabolism by raising blood sugar
Term
parathyroid glands
Definition
two paired glands located on the posterior aspect of the thyroid gland in the neck; secrete parathyroid hormone
Term
parathyroid hormone (PTH)
Definition
regulates calcium and phosphorous metabolism
Term
Pineal gland
Definition
located in the center of the brain; secretes melatonin and serotonin
Term
melatonin
Definition
exact function unknown; affects the onset of puberty
Term
serotonin
Definition
a neurotransmitter that serves as the precursor to melatonin
Term
pituitary gland
Definition
located at the base of the brain: considered the master gland as it secretes hormones that regulate the function of other glands, such as the thyroid gland, adrenal glands, ovaries, and testicles; the anterior pituitary secretes thyroid-stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, melanocyte-stimulating hormone, growth hormone, and prolactin; the posterior pituitary releases antidiuretic hormone and oxytocin
Term
Anterior pituitary
Definition
anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
Term
TSH
Definition
stimulates secretion from the thyroid gland
Term
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Definition
stimulates secretion from the adrenal cortex
Term
Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH)
Definition
initiates the growth of ovarian follicles stimulates the secretion of estrogen in females and the production of sperm in males
Term
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Definition
causes ovulation, stimulates the secretion of progesterone by the corpus luteum, causes the secretion of testosterone in the tesetes
Term
melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)
Definition
affects skin pigmentation
Term
Growth hormone
Definition
influences growth
Term
prolactin
Definition
stimulates breast development and milk production during pregnancy
Term
antidiuretic hormone

(ADH)
Definition
influences the absorption of water by kidney tubules
Term
oxytocin
Definition
influences uterine contraction
Term
testes
Definition
located on both sides within the scrotum in the male; secrete tesosterone
Term
testosterone
Definition
affects masculinization and reproduction
Term
thymus gland
Definition
located in the mediastinal cavity anterior to and above the heart; secretes thymosin
Term
Thymosin
Definition
regulates immune response
Term
thyroid gland
Definition
located in front of the neck; secretes triiodothyronine, thyroxine, and calcitonin
Term
triiodothyronine

thyroxine
Definition
known as the thyroid hormones; regulate metabolism
Term
calcitonin
Definition
regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism
Term
exopthalmos or exophtalmus
Definition
protrusion of one or both eyeballs, often because of thyroid dysfunction or a tumor behind the eyeball
Term
glucosuria
Definition
glucose (sugar) in the urine
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