Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| mineral salt that carries an electric charge |
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Term
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Definition
| simple sugar that is the end product of carbohydrate digestino |
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Term
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Definition
| simple sugar that is the end product of carbohydrate digestion |
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Term
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Definition
| hormone produced by pancreatic beta cells that allows body cells to use glucose for energy or store it in the liver as glycogen |
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Term
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Definition
| agent that mimics the effects of the sympathetic nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
| specialized chemicals that enter bloodstream, can affect heart rate, or sweaty palms. |
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Term
| pituitary gland/hypophysis |
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Definition
pea sized, master gland,
consists of Adenohypophyis (anterior) and neurohypophysis(posterior) |
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Term
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Definition
largest gland in endocrine system, two lobes seperated by isthmus.
Main metabolic hormone
Increases the rate of oxygen consumption and metabolism |
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Term
|
Definition
4 separate glands on posterior surface of the thyroid gland.
secretes parathyroid hormone, which regulates calcium balance by targeting bones kidneys and intestines |
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Term
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Definition
| regulates calcium levels in the blood with PTHby Decreases reabsorption of calcium and phosphate |
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Term
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Definition
| cover the superior surface of the kidneys |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| epinephrine and noradrenaline |
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Definition
| adrenaline and norepinephrine |
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Term
|
Definition
below the stomach, secretes glucagon (made in alpha cells) and secretes insulin (made in beta cells) through the islets of Langerhans.
Both hormones are important in regulating blood sugar |
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Term
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Definition
| release of glucose from the storage sites in the liver when blood sugar is low. |
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Term
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Definition
clears glucose molecules from the blood by promoting their storage in tissues as carbohydrates when blood glucose levels are high
Enables cells to use the glucose as energy |
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Term
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Definition
| shaped line a pine cone, posterior part of the third ventricle of the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
adrenal glands
Adren/o/ megaly
adrenal/ectomy |
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Term
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Definition
calcium
excessive calcium in blood |
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Term
|
Definition
secrete
study of endocrine glands |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
same alike,
equilibrium in the internal environment of the body. |
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Term
|
Definition
potassium
potassium in the blood |
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Term
pancreat/o
pancreat/o/tomy |
|
Definition
pancreas
incision of the pancreas |
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Term
parathyroid/o
parathyroidectomy |
|
Definition
parathyroid glands
excision of parathyroid game |
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Term
|
Definition
thymus gland
tumor of the thymus gland |
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Term
thyr/o
thyroid/o
hyperthyroidism |
|
Definition
thyroid gland
condition of excessive thyroid |
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Term
|
Definition
poison
specialist in the study of poisons |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
forming, producing organ
any steroid hormone that increases masculinization |
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Term
|
Definition
pertaining to poison
pertaining to poison associated with the thyroid gland |
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Term
|
Definition
urine
glucose in the urine |
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Term
|
Definition
good
resmbling a normal thyroid |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| leads to body size abnormalities |
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Term
|
Definition
hypothyroidism in infants,
may lead to retardation |
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Term
|
Definition
| hypothyroidism developing in adults |
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Term
|
Definition
elevated metabolic rate, abnormal weight loss, excessive persipiration, muscle weakness, and emotional instability.
Type of hyerthyroidism |
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Term
|
Definition
| eyes protrude because of edematous swelling in th tissues behind them |
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Term
|
Definition
another name for enlarged thyroid gland
excessive release of thyroid stimulating hormone |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| demineralization of bones |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
relatively uncommon chronic disorder, deficiency of cortical hormones, Antibodies destroy the gland.
Severe chronic dehydration. |
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Term
|
Definition
excessive cortisol and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) circulating in the blood.
Caused by:
Long term steroid use, adrenal tumor, hypersecretion of ACTH
It alters carbohydrate and protein metabolism, causes weight gain, moon face, high blood pressure, hair growth |
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Term
|
Definition
| excessive hair growth in unusual places. |
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Term
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Definition
| produces excessive amounts of epinephrine and norepinephrine |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
body has inability to use insulin properly
usually in young children and young adults. Body does not produce sufficient insulin
Onset later in life, increased with obeseness. Can damage the kidneys, eyes, nerves, or heart. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
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Definition
| determines the blood so that insulin can be injected if needed. |
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Term
|
Definition
| infuses insulin continuously in small amounts over 24 hour periods |
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Term
|
Definition
| diabetic coma, too little insulin, failure to comply to diet, emotional stress |
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Term
|
Definition
| occur in women who develop diabetes during pregnancy. |
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Term
|
Definition
epithelial tumors
most carcinomas of the pacreas arise as these |
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|
Term
| transsphenoidal hypophysectomy |
|
Definition
| pituitary tumors removed through the nose |
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Term
|
Definition
| cancer of the thyroid gland |
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Term
|
Definition
| rare hormonal disorder in adulthood usually caused by GH secreting pituitary tumor, promotes soft tissue to grow more than normal |
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Term
|
Definition
| increased formation and secretion of urine |
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Term
|
Definition
| abnormal amount of glucose in the urine |
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Term
|
Definition
| multisystem autoimmune disorder characterized by pronounced hyperthyroidism |
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Term
|
Definition
| high calcium level in blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| high potassium level in blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| abnormal increase in the volume of blood plasma |
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Term
|
Definition
| lower than normal sodium levels |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| total pituitary impairment that brings about a progressive and general loss of hormone activity |
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Term
|
Definition
| small chromaffin cell tumor usually located in the adrenal medulla causing elevated heart rate and blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| crisis of uncontrolled hyperthyroidism caused by the release into the bloodstream of an increased amount of thyroid hormone also called |
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Term
|
Definition
| masculinization of development of male secondary sec characteristics in a women |
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Term
|
Definition
| excision of one or more of the thyroid glands, usually to control hyperparathyroidism |
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Term
|
Definition
| excision of the thymus gland |
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Term
|
Definition
| excision of the entire thyroid gland |
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Term
|
Definition
| test that measures glucose levels in a blood sample following a fast of at least 8 hours |
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Term
|
Definition
| screening test in which a does of glucose is administered and blood samples are taken afterward at regular intervals to determine how quickly glucose is cleared from the blood |
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Term
|
Definition
| diagnostic test in which insulin is injected into the vein to assess pituitary functino, adrenal function, and to determine insulin sensitivity |
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Term
|
Definition
| detects increase or decrease in thyroid function |
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Term
|
Definition
| test that measure calcium to detect bone and parathyroid disorders |
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Term
|
Definition
| imagine technique that rotates an x-ray emitter around the area to be scanned and measures the intensity of transmitted rays from different angles |
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|
Term
| magnetic resonance imaging MRI |
|
Definition
| noninvasice imaging technique that uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field, rather than an x-ray beam, to produce multiplanar cross-sectional images |
|
|
Term
| radioactive iodine uptake RAIU |
|
Definition
| administration of a radioactive iodine RAI, in pill or liquid form is used as a tracer to test how quickly the thyroid gland takes up iodine from the blood |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| images of the thyroid gland are obtained after oral or intravenous administration of small does of radioactive iodine |
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Term
|
Definition
reduce or control excretion of urine
vasopressin |
|
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Term
|
Definition
treat hyperthyroidism by impeding the formation of T3 and T4 hormones
methimazole |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
replace hormones lost in adrenal insufficiency
cortisone |
|
|
Term
| growth hormone replacements |
|
Definition
increase skeletal growth in children and growth hormone deficiencies in adults
somatropin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
lower blood glucose
NPH insulin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| treat type 2 diabetes mellitus by stimulating the pancreas to produce more insulin |
|
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Term
|
Definition
replace or supplement thyroid hormones
levothyroxine |
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Term
|
Definition
| carry or move inward or toward a central structure |
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Term
|
Definition
| protective mechanism that blocks specific substances found in the blood stream from entering delicate brain tissues |
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Term
|
Definition
| carry or move away from a central structure |
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Term
|
Definition
| complex neural system located beneath the cerebrum that controls basic emotions and drives and plays an important role in memory |
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Term
|
Definition
| additional external myelin sheath that is formed by schwann cells and found only on axons in the peripheral nervous system |
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Term
|
Definition
| organ chamber or cavity that recieves or holds fluid |
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Term
|
Definition
| neuroglial cell found in PNS |
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Term
|
Definition
star shaped neuroglia
3D support, tight sheaths around the capillaries of the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
| neuroglial cells found in the CNS |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| ciliated cells that line fluid filled cavities of the CNS, especially ventricles |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
cerebrum
cerebellum
diencephalon
brainstem |
|
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Term
|
Definition
frontal
parietal
temporal
occipital
insula |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| joins the hemispheres of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
emotional brain
fight, flight, feed |
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Term
|
Definition
| ballerina, fine movements and posture |
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Term
|
Definition
| hypothalamus and thalamus |
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Term
|
Definition
midbrain, pons, medulla
brainstem gives rise to impulse control between brain and spinal cord
origin of 10 of the 12 crainial nerves |
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|
Term
Spinal cord
ascending tracts
descending tracts |
|
Definition
Sends impulses to and from the body
sensory tracts
motor tracts |
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Term
|
Definition
Dura- outermost covering of the brain, (pachymeninges)
arachnoid- middle layer, contains CSF,
pia- innermost meninx,
pia + arachnoid= leptomeninges |
|
|
Term
| peripheral nervous system (PNS) |
|
Definition
| splits to somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| afferent, receive impulses from the sense organs |
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Term
|
Definition
| efferent, conduct muscles and glands |
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|
Term
| anterior root of spinal nerve |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| heart rate respiration digestion and so forth |
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Term
|
Definition
cerebrum
incision of the cerebrum |
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Term
|
Definition
cranium
softening of the cranium |
|
|
Term
encephal/o/
encephal/o/cele |
|
Definition
brain
herniation of the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
ganglion/knot like
excision of a ganglion |
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Term
|
Definition
glue
tumor neuroglial tissue |
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Term
|
Definition
movement
condition of slow movement |
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Term
|
Definition
thin
disease of the thin meninges |
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Term
|
Definition
word, phrase
difficulty using words |
|
|
Term
mening/o
meningi.o
meningocele
meningioma |
|
Definition
meninges
herniation of the meninges
tumor in the meninges |
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Term
|
Definition
bone marrow
inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord |
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Term
|
Definition
stupor, numbness
relating to sleep. |
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Term
|
Definition
nerve
destruction of a nerve |
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Term
|
Definition
nerve root
pain in the nerve root |
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Term
|
Definition
strength
condition of excessive strength |
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Term
|
Definition
thalamus
incision of the thalamus |
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Term
|
Definition
sheath
pertaining to the space within a sheath |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ventricle
inflammation of the ventricles |
|
|
Term
-algesia
-algia
analgesia
synalgia |
|
Definition
pain
abscence of pain
joing (referred) pain |
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Term
|
Definition
weakness, debility
muscle weakness |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
movement
excessive movement |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
partial paralysis
parital paralysis of one half |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
paralysis
paralysis of four extremities |
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Term
|
Definition
order, coordination
without coordination |
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Term
|
Definition
thick
inflammation of the dura mater |
|
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Term
|
Definition
near, beside
paralysis of the lower body and limbs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
union, together
referred pain |
|
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Term
|
Definition
one
pertaining to one side |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| branch of medicine concerned with mental illness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pressure to the nerve root |
|
|
Term
| lumbar radiculopathy, sciatica |
|
Definition
| pain radiating with pain radiating down the leg |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| surgery to take pressure off |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
any functional abnormality of the cerebrum caused by disorders of the blood vessels of the brain
Most commonly called a stroke, AKA cerbrovascular accident |
|
|
Term
Ischemic stroke
Most common 3 kinds of strokes: |
|
Definition
caused by narrowing of the arteries of the brain
ischemic stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrage |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| sudden rupture of an artery within the brain |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| blood is released into the space surrounding the brain |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| transient ischemic attack |
|
Definition
| (1/3) of all strokes, Symptoms that resolve in 24 hours or less |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| medical conditions characterized by sudden changes in behavior or consciousness as a result of uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain |
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Term
|
Definition
chronic, recurring seizure disorders
can be from brain injury, congenital anomalies, metabolic disorders, brain tumors, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| only a portion of the brain is involved |
|
|
Term
generalized seizure
most common type: |
|
Definition
involves whole brain
tonic-clonic seizure most common type. AKA grand mal seizure |
|
|
Term
tonic phase of GS
clonic phase of GS |
|
Definition
entire body becomes gifts.
uncontrolled jerking caused by alternate muscle contraction and relaxation |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| life threatening emergency |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
AKA shaking palsy
neurons degenerate , slow movement, nodding of the head, |
|
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Term
|
Definition
degenerative disease of the central nervous system
inflammation, hardening and loss of myelin throughout the spinal cord,
muscle weakness, tremors, and bradykinesia |
|
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Term
|
Definition
memory loss and serious mental deterioration, decline in social skills,
plaques develop in the cerebral cortex disrupt passage |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| treat mental medical conditions |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| mental disorder in which there is severe loss of contact with reality |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| mental disorder caused by an emotion experienced in the past that overwhelmingly interferes of affects a present emotion |
|
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| obsessive compulsive disorders |
|
Definition
| fear of a dire consequence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| psychological disorder in which the major characteristic is an abnormal mood, usually mania or depression |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| eating disorder characterized by a refusal to maintin adequate weight for age and height and an all consuming desire to remain thin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| psychological worry disorder characterized by excessive pondering or thinking, "What if....LAZER DINOSAURS TAKE OVER THE WORLD ?! OH NO` |
|
|
Term
| attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) |
|
Definition
| Disorder affecting children and adults characterized by impulsiveness, overactivity and the inability to remain focused on a task |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| developmental disorder characterized by extreme withdrawal and an abnormal absorption in fantasy, usually accompanied by an inability to communicate even on a basic level |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mental disorder that causes unusual shifts in mood, emotion, energy, and the ability to function, also called manic depressive illness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| eating disorder characterized by binging and purging |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mood disorder with sadness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| mood disorder with mental hyperactivity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| nonpsychotic mental illness, triggers distress and anxiety |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sudden intense feeling of fear that comes without warning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| major emotional disorder in which contact with reality is lost to the point that the individual is incapable of meeting the challenges of daily life |
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Term
|
Definition
ones that originate directly in the brain are called primary intracranial tumors
headache, especially in the morning, during coughing episodes, and upon bending or sudden movement
personality changes even sometimes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inability to comprehend auditory, visual, spatial, olfactory, or other sensations, even though the sensory sphere is intact |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| weakness, debility, or loss of strength |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lack of muscle coordination in the execution of voluntary movements |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| injury to the head in which the dura mater remains intact and brain tissue is not exposed |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormally deep unconsciousness with an absence of voluntary response |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| injury to the brain, occasionally with transient loss of consciousness, as a result of trauma to the head |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any sudden and violent contraction of one or more voluntary muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| broad term that refers to cognitive deficit, including memory impairment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inability to learn and process written language, despite adequate intelligence, sensory ability, and exposure |
|
|
Term
| Guilllain Barré syndrome |
|
Definition
| autoimmune condition that causes acute inflammation of the peripheral nerves in which myelin sheaths on the axons are destroyed, resulting in decreased nerve impulses, loss of reflex response, and sudden muscle weakness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acute inflammatory eruption of highly painful vesicles on the trunk of the body or, occasionally, the face; also called shingles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inherited disease of the CNS characterized by quick, involuntary movements, speech disturbances, and mental deterioration |
|
|
Term
hydrocephalus
can be:
Aquired
Congenital |
|
Definition
accumulation of fluid in the ventricles of the brain, causing increased intracranial pressure (ICP), thinning of brain tissue, and separation of cranial bones
Aquired- hydrocephalus that develops at birth or any time afterward, b/c of injury or disease
congenital- hydrocephalus that develops b/c of factors during fetal development or genetics |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| abnormal inactivity or lack of response to normal stimuli |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| congenital deformiy in which some or all of fetal brain is missing |
|
|
Term
spina bifida
meningocele
myelomeningocele
occulta |
|
Definition
congenital deformity of the neural tube, which fails to close during fetal development
form of spina bifida in which the spinal cord develops properly but the meninges protrude through the spine
most severe form of spina bifida in which the spinal cord and meninges protrude through the spine
form of spina bifida in which one or more vertebrae are malformed and the spinal cord is covered with a layer of skin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
paralysis, usually partial, and commonly characterized by weakness and shaking or uncontrolled tremor
B- Factial paralysis caused by functinoal disorder of the seventh cranial nerve
C- Typer of paralysis that affects movement and body position and, some-times, speech and learning ability |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Loss of voluntary motion in one or more muscle groups
hemi- one side, usually stroke related
para- both lower limbs, trauma/disease
quad- arms+legs, bladder+bowel dysfunction as well. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sensation of numbness, prickling, tingling, or heightened sensitivity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord vaused by a virus, commonly resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acute encephalopathy and fatty infiltration of the brain, liver, and possibly the pancreas, heart, kidney, spleen, and lymph nodes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| brief loss of consciousness and posture caused by a temporary decrease of blood flow to the brain, AKA fainting |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| recording of electrical activity in the brain, whose cells emit distinct patterns of rhythmic electrical impulses |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| recording of the electrical signals (APs) that occur in a muscle when it is at rest and during contraction to assess muscular disease or nerve damage |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| needle puncture of the spinal cavity to extract spinal fluid for diagnostic purposes, introduce anesthetic agents into the spinal canal, or remove fluid to allow other fluids to be injected |
|
|
Term
| nerve conduction velocity |
|
Definition
| test that measures the speed at which impulses travel through a nerve |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| technique that exposes abnormal tissue to extreme cold to destroy it |
|
|
Term
| stereotactic radiosurgery |
|
Definition
| precisely focused radiation beams are used to treat tumors. High does radiation to a target spot with minimal to the surrounding areas |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| partial destruction of the thalamus to treat intractable pain, involuntary movements, including tremors in Parkinson disease or emotional disturbances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| transection of a nerve tract in the brain stem or spinal cord |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| technique that cuts circular opening into the skull to reveal brain tissue and decrease intracranial pressure |
|
|
Term
| ventriculoperitoneal shunting |
|
Definition
| relieves intracranial pressure due to hydrocephalus by diverting excess cerebrospinal fluid from the ventricles into the peritoneal or thoracic cavity |
|
|
Term
| Cerebro spinal Fluid analysis |
|
Definition
| lab test to examine CSF for viral, bacterial, tumors, or hemorrhages |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radiographic image of the inside of a blood vessel after injection of a contrast medium |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CT scan of the lumbar region after injection of a contrast medium to detect problems with the spine and spinal nerve roots |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ultrasound technique used to study intracranial structures of the brain and diagnose conditions that cause a shift in the midline structures of the brain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| noninvasive technique to pinpoint the specific location where seizure activity originates and enable custom surgical treatment for tumor and epileptic tissue resection |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| radiographic examination to detect pathology of the spinal cord, including the location of a spinal cord injury, cysts, and tumors following injection of a contrast medium |
|
|
Term
| positron emison tomography (PET) |
|
Definition
| computed tomography that records the positrons emitted from a radiopharmaceutical and produces a cross-sectional image of metabolic activity of body tissues to determine the presence of disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adjustment of the eye for various distances so that image fall on the retina of the eye |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| clearness or sharpness of a sensory function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tissues or structures in the body adjacent to or near a related structure |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| any fluid or semifluid of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| series of intricate communicating passages |
|
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Term
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Definition
| substance or surface that neither transmits nor allows passage of light |
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Term
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Definition
| fluid that very closely resembles spinal fluid but found in the cochlea |
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Term
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Definition
| light sensitive pigment in the retinal cones and rods that absorbs light and initiates the visual process: also called visual pigment |
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Term
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Definition
| ability to bend light rays as they pass from one medium to another |
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Term
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Definition
layer or coat of tissue on the eye
AKA membrane layer
-Fibrous, vascular, and sensory |
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Term
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Definition
| Sclera, cornea, conjunctiva |
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Term
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Definition
White of the eye
-structural support of the eye, strength and shape. |
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Term
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Definition
found in the front of the eye
cornea is transparent allowing light to enter the interior of the eye.
- one of few structures that does not contain capillaries and relies on eye fluids for nourishment |
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Term
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Definition
| covers the outer surface of the eye and lines the eyelids |
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Term
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Definition
AKA Uvea
-consists of choroid, iris, and ciliary body |
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Term
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Definition
provides the blood supply for the entire eye
contains pigmented cells that prevents extraneous light from entering the inside of the eye
-has opening for the optic nerve |
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Term
|
Definition
colored
contractile membrane with a perforated center called the pupil
Pupil dilate when light decreases;constricts when light increases |
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Term
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Definition
circular muscle that produces aqueous humor for anterior cavity of the eye
-has suspensord ligaments that attach to the lens, contracts and relaxes to change the lens' shape |
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Term
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Definition
| contains double layered retina |
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Term
|
Definition
funciton in dim light,
-black and white light only
- |
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Term
|
Definition
function in bright light
produce color vision |
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Term
|
Definition
doublelayered
-consists of a thin outer pigmented layer lying over the choroid and a thick inner nervous layer, or visual portion
-contains macula, highly sensitive structure
macula has fovea in the middle |
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Term
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Definition
| composed of highly compacted cones , provides great acuity |
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Term
| Rods and cones contain... |
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Definition
| photopigments/visual pigment |
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Term
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Definition
| transmits light impulses to the brain for interpretation |
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Term
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Definition
major fluid of the eyes
-aqueous humor- anterior cavity and chambers
-vitreous humor- jellylike, fills vitreous chamber (Posterior) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| excessive pressure in the anterior of the eye due to build up of aqueous humor |
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Term
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Definition
| all supporting structures of the eye |
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Term
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Definition
| produce tears that bathe and lubricate the eye |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| pinpoint openings to drain tears |
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Term
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Definition
hearing AND equilibrium! WHAAAT?
outer ear- external
middle ear- tympanic
inner ear- labyrinth |
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Term
|
Definition
Physical ear. You pierce it.
collects waves traveleing through air and channels them to the external auditory canal/Ear canal |
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Term
|
Definition
waxy secretion produced by ear canal.
traps foreign particles to prevent them from getting to deeper areas of the canal |
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Term
|
Definition
ear drum
-flat membranous structure drawn over the end of the ear canal
-sound waves hit it, to vibrate it |
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Term
|
Definition
Malleous (hammer), incus (anvil) , stapes( stirrups)
-located in the tympanic cavity, connect tympanic membrane and the cochlea |
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Term
|
Definition
snail like structure filled with perilymph
-inner surface lined with the organ of Corti |
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Term
|
Definition
contains hair cells,
covered by oval window membrane- (attached to stapes) |
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Term
|
Definition
connects middle ear to the pharynx
-equalizes pressure on the outer and inner surface of the eardrum |
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Term
|
Definition
semicircular canals and vestibule
-joins the cochlea and semicirculare canal via vestibule |
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Term
|
Definition
dull, dim
dimness of vision |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
eyelid
prolapse or downward displacement of the eyelid |
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Term
|
Definition
choroid
disease of the choroid |
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Term
|
Definition
conjunctiva
pertaining to the conjuctiva |
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Term
core/o
pupill/o
coreometer
pupillography |
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Definition
pupil
instrument for measuring the pupil
process of recording the pupil |
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Term
|
Definition
cornea
pertaning to the cornea |
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Term
|
Definition
ciliary body of the eye
paralysis of the ciliary body |
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Term
dacry/o
lacrim/o
dacryoma
lacrimotomy |
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Definition
tear; lacrimal apparatus
tumor like swelling of the lacrimal duct
incision of the lacrimal duct/sac |
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Term
dacryocyst/o
dacryocystopotosis |
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Definition
lacrimal sac
prolapse of the lacrimal sac |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
angle
visual examination of the irideoorneal angle |
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Term
|
Definition
iris
paralysis of the sphincter of the iris |
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Term
|
Definition
horny tissue; cornea
incision of the cornea |
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Term
oculo
ophthalmo
oculomycosis
opthalmologist |
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Definition
eye
fungal infection of the eye
specialist in the study of the eye |
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Term
opt/o
optic/o
optometry
optical |
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Definition
eye,vision
act of measuring vision
pertaining to the eye or vision |
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Term
|
Definition
lens
herniation of the lens into the interior chamber of the eye |
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Term
|
Definition
light
abnormal fear/ intolerace to light |
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Term
|
Definition
old age
poor vision associated with old age |
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Term
|
Definition
retina
abnormal condition of the retina |
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Term
|
Definition
hardening/sclera
softening of the sclera |
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Term
|
Definition
darkness
dark, tumor like spot |
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Term
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Definition
vitreous body
removal of the contents of the vitreous chamber |
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Term
|
Definition
hearing
instrument for measuring hearing |
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Term
|
Definition
labyrinth (inner ear)
incision of the inner ear |
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Term
|
Definition
mastoid process
removal of the mastoid process |
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Term
|
Definition
ear
discharge of pus from the ear |
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Term
salping/o
salpingopharyngeal |
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Definition
tubes (fallopian or eustachian)
pertaining to the eustachian tube and pharynx |
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Term
|
Definition
stapes
excision of the stapes |
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Term
myring/o
tympano/o
myringomycosis
tympanostomy |
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Definition
tympanic membrane
abnormal condition due to fungal infection of the tympanic membrane
forming an opening in the tympanic membrane |
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Term
-acusia
-cusis
anacusia
presbycusis |
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Definition
hearing
not hearing
hearing loss associated with old age |
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Term
-opia
-opsia
diplopia
heteropsia |
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Definition
vision
double vision
inequality of vision |
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Term
|
Definition
turning
turning inward of the eyes, AKA cross eyed |
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Term
|
Definition
outside, outward
excessive, above normal |
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Term
|
Definition
| treat disorders of the eye |
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Term
|
Definition
| diagnose vision problems and eye diseases |
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Term
|
Definition
| medical specialty concerned with disorders of the ear, nose, and throat |
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Term
|
Definition
non-medical management of audiotry and balance systems
-recommend hearing aid, cochlear implant, surgery or medical referral |
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Term
|
Definition
exists when light rays fail to focus sharply on the retina
- caused by , lens, cornea, or shape of eyeball |
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Term
|
Definition
eyeball is too short
-fairsightedness |
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Term
|
Definition
presbyopia
-associated with aging |
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Term
|
Definition
| corea or lens has defective curvature |
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Term
|
Definition
laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis
surgery that changes the shape of the cornea, cuts a flap then reshapes the underlying tissue |
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Term
|
Definition
| opacities that form on the lens and impair vision |
|
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Term
| phacoemulsification, phaco |
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Definition
| removal of the clouded lens by emulsifying it using ultrasound or a laser probe |
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Term
|
Definition
Chronic form AKA open angle, simple, or wide angle glaucoma
Acute form: angle closure, narrow angle glaucoma |
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Term
|
Definition
| cause the pupils to constrict |
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Term
|
Definition
AKA heterotropia/ tropia
one eye is misangled with the other eye so they do not focus simultaneously when viewing an object
loss of stereopsis |
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Term
|
Definition
inward misalignment (ST)
outward misalignment (XT) |
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Term
|
Definition
| binocular perception of 3-D space |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| deterioration of the macula, most sensitive part of the retina |
|
|
Term
| Age related macular degeneration (ARMD) |
|
Definition
leading cause of visual loss in the US
unpredictable and progresses differently for each individual |
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Term
|
Definition
blood vessels form under the macula, destroy visual cells,
laser surgery can be used to destroy newly forming cells if found early enough |
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Term
|
Definition
| destroys newly forming cells at the back of the macula to prevent wet ARMD |
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Term
|
Definition
| small yellowish deposits, "drusen" develop on the macula and interfere with central vision |
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Term
|
Definition
referred pain
infections of the nose and throat can do this to the ear |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the middle ear |
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Term
|
Definition
| draining of pus from the ear |
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Term
|
Definition
| infection of the mastoid process |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of brain tissue near the middle ear |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Pressure equalizing tubes, PE tubes |
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Definition
| drain fluid and equalize pressure of the middle ear. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| hardening of bones in the middle ear, hearing loss follows |
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Term
|
Definition
| ringing sound in the middle ear |
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Term
|
Definition
90% of all primary intraocular diseases
retinoblastoma- found in children
melanoma- found in adults |
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Term
|
Definition
| congenital deficiency in color perception AKA color blindness |
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Term
|
Definition
| small, hard tumor on the eyelid, similar to sebaceous cyst |
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Term
|
Definition
inflammation of the conjunctiva, with vascular congestion that produces a red, or pink eye.
can be b/c of allergy, viral,bacterial, or fungal infections |
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Term
|
Definition
| eversion, outward turning toward the lower eyelid |
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Term
|
Definition
| inversion, inward turning toward the lower eyelid |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| localized, circumscribed, inflammatory swelling of one of the several sebacceous glands of the eyelid, generally caused by a bacterial infection; AKA stye |
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Term
|
Definition
| visual distortion of objects |
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Term
|
Definition
| impaired vision in dim light; also called night blindness |
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Term
|
Definition
| type of involuntary eye movements that appear jerky and may reduce vision or be associated with other, more serious conditions that limit vision |
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Term
|
Definition
swelling and hyperemia of the optic disc, usually associated with increased intracranial pressure
AKA choked disc |
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Term
|
Definition
any disorder of retinal blood vessels
small hemorrhages, edema, and formation of new vessels |
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Term
|
Definition
| chronic contagious form of conjunctivitis that typically leads to blindess |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| blocking of sound waves as they pass through the external and middle ear (conduction pathway) |
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Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the inner ear that usually results from an acute febrile process |
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Term
|
Definition
| disorder of the labyrinth that leads to progressive loss of hearing |
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Term
| noise induced hearing loss |
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Definition
| condition caused by destruction of hair cells, the organs responsible for hearing, as a result of sounds that are "too long, too loud, or too close" |
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Term
|
Definition
| infection of the external auditory canal |
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Term
|
Definition
| impairment of hearing resulting from old age; also called presbyacusia |
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Term
|
Definition
| sensation of a spinning motion either of oneself or of the surroundings |
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Term
|
Definition
| flushing of the ear canal with water or saline to dislodge foreign bodies or impacted cerumen |
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Term
|
Definition
| stereoscopic magnified view of the anterior eye structures in detail, which includess the cornea, lens, iris, sclera, and vitreous humor |
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Term
|
Definition
| surgery to remove fatty tissue above and below the eyes that usually form with aging or excessive sun exposure |
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Term
| Pressure equalizing tube placement |
|
Definition
| insertion of tubes through the tympanic membrane, commonly used to treat chronic otitis media |
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Term
| cochlear implant insertion |
|
Definition
placement of an artificial hearing device that produces hearing sensations by electrically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear
AKA BIONIC EAR |
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Term
|
Definition
| formation of an opening between the anterior chamber and the supra choroidal space for the drainage of aqueous humor in glaucoma |
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Term
|
Definition
| removal of the eyeball from orbit |
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Term
|
Definition
| removal of the contents of the eye while leaving the sclera and cornea intact |
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Term
|
Definition
| surgical opening of a cavity within the mastoid process |
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Term
|
Definition
| corrective surgery for a deformed or excessive large or small pinna |
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Term
|
Definition
| method of treating cataracts by using ultrasonic waves to disintegrate a cloudy lens, which is then aspirated and removed |
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Term
|
Definition
| incision of the cornea for treatment of nearsightedness or astigmatism |
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Term
|
Definition
| surgical formation of an opening in the sclera |
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Term
|
Definition
| reconstruction of the eardrum, commonly due to perforation; also called myringoplasty |
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Term
|
Definition
| measurement of hearing acuity at various sound wave frequencies |
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Term
|
Definition
| test that uses different water temps to assess the vestibular portion of the nerve of the inner ear to determine if nerve damage is the cause of vertigo |
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Term
|
Definition
| method of assessing and recording eye movements by measuring the electrical activity of the extraocular muscles |
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Term
|
Definition
| examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye to determine ocular motility and rotation and diagnose and manage glaucoma |
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Term
|
Definition
| measurement of the blood pressure of the retinal vessels |
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Term
|
Definition
| visual examination of the interior of the eye using a handheld instrument called an ophthalmoscope, which has various adjustable lenses for magnification and a light source to illuminate the interior of the eye |
|
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Term
|
Definition
visual examination of the interior of the eye using a handheld instrument called an ophthalmoscope. That has various adjustable lenses for magnification and light source
p- procedure to assess tympanic membranes ability to move in response to air pressure |
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Term
|
Definition
| evaluation of refractive errors of the eye by projecting light into the eyes and determining the movement of reflected light rays |
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Term
|
Definition
| evaluation of intraocular pressure by measuring the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by an applied force |
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Term
|
Definition
evaluation of sound conduction using a vibration tuning fork
Rinne test- evaluates bone conduction vs air conduction
Weber test- evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time |
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Term
|
Definition
| part of an eye examination that determines the smallest letters that can be read on a standardized chart at a distance of 20 ft |
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Term
|
Definition
| radiographic imaging procedure of the nasolacrimal glands and ducts |
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Term
|
Definition
| evaluation of blood vessels and their leakage in and beneath the retina after injection of flurorescein dye, which circulates while photographs of the vessels within the eye are obtained |
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