Term
|
Definition
| A surgical procedure that creates a new opening between two previously unconnected tubular organs or parts of the same organ. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the appendix. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A yellow-orange pigment found in bile. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Mucous membrane lining the cheek. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Excision or removal of the gallbladder. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of forming gallstones. |
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Term
|
Definition
| The first part of the small intestine. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the esophagus. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Enlargement of the liver. |
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Term
|
Definition
| High levels of bilirubin (yellow/orange pigment) in the bloodstream; jaundice. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical formation of an artificial opening from the ileum to the outside of the body through the abdominal wall. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hormone seceted by specialized cells in the pancreas. Insulin facilitates transport of sugar from the blood into body cells. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Process of visually examining the contents of the abdomen (using an endoscope). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the pancreas. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Rhythm-like contractions of the tubes of the gastointestinal tract and other tubular structures. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Distal region of the stomach near the duodenum. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Folds or creases in the mucous membrane of the stomach or the hard palate of the mouth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Salivary gland stone; lodged in a salivary gland or duct. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Discharge of fat in the feces due to improper digestion and malabsorption of fat. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Small, fleshy mass hanging from the soft palate at the back of the mouth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the abdomen. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Rumbling or gurgling noise produced by hyperactive movement of gas, fluid, or both in the gastrointestinal tract. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the diverticula; abdominal pain and rectal bleeding are symptoms. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Difficulty in swallowing. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Passage of bright red blood from the rectum. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Swollen, twisted varicose veins in the rectal region. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Jaundice; yellow-orange coloration of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by high levels of bilirubin in the blood. |
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Term
|
Definition
| One portion of the intestine slips into an adjoining part; telescoping of the intestines. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Black, tarry stools; feces containing blood. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Twisting of the intestine upon itself. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Spitting or coughing up blood as a result of bleeding from any part of the respiratory tract. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Bursting forth or excessive flow of blood. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Suture (stitching or sewing up) a hernia. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Excessive flow during menstruation. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical procedure to remove fluid from the abdomen; amniocentesis. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Forward protrusion of the eyeballs; exophthalmos.. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Test for detection of occult (hidden) blood in feces. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Excess of nitrogenous waste products in the blood; uremia. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Cup-shaped collecting region in the renal pelvis (central section of the kindey). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Nitrogen-containing waste product of muscle metabolism; excreted by the kidney in urine. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the urinary bladder. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of no insulin or inadequate insulin secretion from the pancreas. This leads to hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) and glycosuria (sugar in the urine). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Bedwetting; literally, "in urine". |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of glomeruli in the kidney. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Narrowing of the meatus (opening) leading from the urethra to the outside of the body. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of kidney stones. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the renal pelvis and kidney; caused by bacterial infection. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pus in the urine; sign of urinary tract infection (UTI). |
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Term
|
Definition
| One of two tubes carrying urine from the kidneys into the urinary bladder. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Dark, pigmented area surrounding the breast nipple. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Painful sexual intercourse. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Incision of the vulva (perineum) to widen the opening of the vagina during a difficult childbirth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Excessive or abnormal secretion of milk after breast-feeding has ended. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Reproductive organs (genitals). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Female-like breast enlargement in a male. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| White to yellow discharge from the vagina. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Excessive uterine bleeding during menstruation and also between menstrual periods. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal of muscle tumors (fibroids) from the uterus. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Secretion of the pituitary gland causing contraction of the uterus during labor and stimulation of milk secretion from the breast. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Area between the anus and vagina in females and the area between the anus and scrotal sac in males. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to a woman who has given birth to her first child. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of a fallopian tube. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the vulva and vagina. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Cancerous tumor that is localized and has not spread to nearby tissue or through the lymphatic system or bloodstream. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal cells in the cervix (lower, neck-like region of the uterus). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Bacterial infection causing pelvic inflammation in the reproductive tract of men and women. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Visual examination of the vagina using an endoscope (colposcope). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Endometrial tissue located outside of the uterus. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Accumulation of fluid in the spaces of the brain; in infants, the condition causes enlargement of the head. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Benign tumors of the uterus; fibroids. |
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Term
|
Definition
| X-ray recording of the breast. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of pregnancy marked by high blood pressure, proteinuria, and edema. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Primary lesion of syphillis; a hard ulcer occuring at the site of entry of the bacterial infection and most frequentl on the external genitalia of a male or female. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical removal of the foreskin (prepuce) surrounding the end of the penis. |
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Term
|
Definition
| One or both testes fail to descend from the abdomen in the scrotal sac near the time of birth. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of an epididymis. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sexually transmitted infection involving inflammation of genital tract mucous membranes and caused by gonococci (berry-shaped bacteria). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Congenital anomaly in which the opening of the urethra is on the underside of the penis. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Narrowing (stricture) of the opening of the prepuce (foreskin) over the glans penis. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal (excision) of the prostate gland. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sexually transmitted infection caused by bacteria (spirochetes). A chancre (ulcer) on the genitalia is a characteristic lesion. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Absence of sensitivity to pain. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Lack of feeling or sensation. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Collection of spinal nerves below the end of the spinal cord. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Impairment of the ability to perform voluntary movements. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the brain. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Paralysis of the right or left half of the body. |
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Term
|
Definition
| A severe headache, often unilateral, and sometimes accompanied by nausea and vomiting. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Functional, essential tissue of an organ. The seminiferous tubules are the parenchyma of the testes. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Disease of a spinal nerve root. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Extends from the base of the spine down the thigh, lower leg, and foot. Sciatica is pain along the course of the nerve. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Brain disorder marked by progressive, gradual mental deterioration (dementia) along with personality changes and impairment of daily functioning. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Weakening of an arterial wall, which may lead to hemorrage and cerebrovascular accident (stroke). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Mental decline and deterioration. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Destruction of myelin on axons of nerves (as in multiple sclerosis). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Brain disorder marked by recurrent attacks (seizures) of abnormal nervous impulses. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the meninges. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized by weakness of voluntary muscles. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Relieving symptoms, but not curative. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical repair of a blood vessel by inserting a catheter (tube) an a balloon inside an artery to enlarge the opening. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Without rhythm; an irregular beat of the heart. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hardening of an artery by thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Form of arteriosclerosis in which fatty plaque deposits in the interior lining of an artery. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| High levels of cholesterol in the blood. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Heart rhythm originating the in sinoatrial node (pacemaker of the heart). |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Chest pain associated with myocardial ischemia. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Electrical impulses move randomly throughout the atria, causing the atria to quiver instead of contracting with a normal rhythm. |
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Term
|
Definition
| An abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard on auscultation of an artery or an organ. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pressure on the heart caused by fluid in the pericardial space. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Drug that increases the strength and regularity of the heartbeat. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Condition of holding back blood from an organ or tissue. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Narrowing of the mitral valve. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Drug used in the treatment of angina (pectoris). It dilates coronary arteries so that more blood flows to heart muscle. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Small pinpoint hemorrhages under the skin. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Heart disease caused by rheumatic fever. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Continous measuring of a patient's heart rhythm in a hospital. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An individualized section of an air sac in the lung. |
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Term
|
Definition
Without breathing.
Deficient oxygen and increased carbon dioxide in the bloodstream. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Deficient oxygen and increased carbon dioxide in the bloodstream. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal widening of the bronchial tubes or their branches. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of bronchial tubes. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of blueness of the skin; caused by decreased oxygen and increased carbon dioxide in the blood. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Muscular wall separating the chest and abdomen. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the epiglottis. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Spitting or coughing up blood as a result of bleeding from any part of the respiratory tract. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Involuntary contraction of the muscles surrounding the voice box. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Part of the thoracic (chest) cavity between the lungs. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the throat or pharynx. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Discharge of mucous from the nose. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the paranasal sinuses. |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Enlargement of the right side of the heart due to lung disease. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Fluid, cells, or other substances that slowly leave cells or capillaries through pores or breaks in cell membranes. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to a sudden occurrence. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Whooping cough; bacterial infection of the throat, larynx, and trachea. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal fine, crackling sound heard on auscultation when there is fluid in the alveoli. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Loud, rumbling sound heard on auscultation of bronchi that are obstructed by sputum. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Strained, high-pitched noisy breathing associated with obstruction of the larynx or trachea. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Continuous high-pitched whistling sound heard when air is forced through a narrow space during inspiration or expiration. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Substance that prevents blood clotting |
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Term
|
Definition
| Disease of blood clotting. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Increase in numbers of eosinophils in the bloodstream. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate red blood cell production by bone marrow. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Destruction of red blood cells. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Deficiency of all blood cells (erythrocytes, leukocytes, and platelets). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Removal of plasma from withdrawn blood by centrifuge. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Deficiency of thrombocytes (platelets or clotting cells). |
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|
Term
| acute lymphocytic leukemia |
|
Definition
| Malignant, immature lymphocytes multiply in the blood, bone marrow, and lymphatic system. |
|
|
Term
| acute myelogenous leukemia |
|
Definition
| Malignant, immature granulocytes called myeloblasts multiply in the bone marrow and bloodstream. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Small pinpoint hemorrhages under the skin. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Multiple pinpoint hemorrhages and accumulation of blood under the skin caused by deficiency of clotting cells (platelets). |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Inherited defect in the ability to produce hemoglobin, usually seen in persons of Mediterranean background. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Exaggerated or unusual hypersensitivity to foreign protein or other substance. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Intense allergic reaction (such as asthma) influenced by hereditary tendency or predisposition. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Test to detect anti-HIV antibodies in blood. This is a screening test for AIDS. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Malignant tumor of lymphatic tissue in the spleen and lymph nodes. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Antibodies (proteins) secreted by B-cell lymphocytes (plasma cells). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Blocking or turning off the normal immune response. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Anti-viral proteins secreted by lymphocytes. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Proteins (cytokines) that stimulate the immune system including B and T cell lymphocytes. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Malignant tumor of skin and connective tissue; associated with AIDS. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of lymph nodes. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Introduction of a vaccine (containing dead or weakened antigen) to produce immunity. It is a type of acquired immunity. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Rounded depression or socket in the pelvis, which joins the femur forming the hip joint. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Crackling sound produced when ends of bone rub against each other or against roughened cartilage. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Shaft or mid-portion of a long bone. |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to the ischium (posterior portion of the hip bone). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Surgical removal of the posterior portion of a vertebra to relieve pressure on a spinal nerve or spinal cord from a displaced intervertebral disk. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Either of two bony enlargements (processes) on each side of an ankle. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Large process on the end (proximal) of the ulna; elbow. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of bone and bone marrow. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal condition of increased loss of bony tissue. Bones become thin, weak, brittle, and break easily. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Membrane surrounding a bone. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Area of confluence of two pubic bones of the midline in the pelvic bone. It is a slightly movable joint separated by a disk of fibrocartilage. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Forward slipping or subluxation of one vertebra over another. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Small, rounded process on a bone. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Decrease in size of normally developed organ or tissue of the body; wasting away. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of a bursa surrounding a joint. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Fibrous membrane separating and enveloping muscle. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Chronic pain and stiffness in muscles and fibrous tissue, especially in the shoulders, neck, hips, and knees. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Condition of blood in a joint. |
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Chronic inflammatory and painful disease of joints; caused by autoimmune reaction against joint tissues (synovial membrane). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sticky (viscous) fluid within the joint space (synovial cavity). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the synovial membrane lining the synovial joint. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of a tendon and its sheath or covering. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Surgical puncture to remove fluid from a joint. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Visual examination of the inside of a joint with an endoscope. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of skin (rash and intense itching) that tends to occur in patients with a family history of allergic reactions. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Dense connective tissue strands of protein found in bone. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Layer of cells covering the external surface of the body and lining the hollow tubes within the body. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Condition of redness of the skin. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Hereditary condition in which the skin resembles fish scales and is dry, rough, and scaly. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Fungal infection of a nail. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation and swelling of the skin folds around a nail. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Condition marked by excessive secretion from sebaceous glands. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Pertaining to under a nail. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Thickened area of the epidermis associated with aging and skin damage due to sun exposure. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Scraping of material from the skin or from the wall of a cavity. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation, sore, or ulcer in the skin over a bony part of the body; pressure ulcer; bedsore. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Bleeding into the skin; bruise. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Chronic dermatitis of unknown etiology, marked by redness, blisters, scales, and scabs. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammatory bacterial skin disease characterized by vesicles, pustules, and crusted-over lesions. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Sac of hair in the sacral region (above the cleft in the buttocks). |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chronic, recurrent dermatosis characterized by scaly, dull red or pink patches covered by silvery gray scales. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Acute allergic reaction in which red, round, elevated swollen areas called wheals appear on the skin. Pruritis (itching) may be intense. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Small benign growth (wart) in the skin; caused by a virus. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Patches of white, unpigmented skin surrounded by areas of normal skin; leukoderma. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Reduced vision (poor eyesight). |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inequality in the size of pupils. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal curvature of the eyeball so that rays of light are not focused on a single point on the retina. |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of an eyelid. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Delicate membrane lining the eyelids and covering the eyeball. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Fluid accumulation in the anterior and posterior chambers of the eye causing increased pressure and damage to the retina. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of an oil-secreting gland in the eyelid; stye. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation of the cornea. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Yellowish region on the retina lateral to and slightly below the optic disc; contains the fovea centralis, the area of clearest and central vision. |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| Widening of the pupil of the eye. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Repetitive, rhythmic movements of one or both eyes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Swelling of the optic disc; associated with increased pressure within the eye. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| White portion of the eyeball. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abnormal deviation of the pupils; esotropia or exotropia are examples. |
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Term
|
Definition
| Waxy substance secreted by the ear; ear wax. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Channel between the middle ear and the throat; auditory tube. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Inflammation and infection of the mastoid process just behind the ear. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Specialist (surgeon) in the ear, nose and throat disorders. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Ringing, roaring or buzzing sound in the ear. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water. Examples are sodium (Na+), potassium (K+), and chlroide (Cl-). |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Hormone secreted by the adrenal medulla; increases heart rate and blood pressure. |
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Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
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Definition
| Hormone seceted by specialized cells in the pancreas. Insulin facilitates transport of sugar from the blood into body cells. |
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| Secretion of the pituitary gland causing contraction of the uterus during labor and stimulation of milk secretion from the breast. |
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| Secreted by the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland; promotes milk secretion. |
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| Complex substance related to fat (sterols; many hormones are steroids - estrogens, androgens, cortisol, aldosterone). |
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| Pertaining to mimicking or copying the effect of the sympathetic nervous system; adrenaline and norepinephrine are sympathomimetic hormones. |
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| Male hormone secreted by the interstitial cells of the testes. |
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| Inflammation of the thyroid gland. |
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| Hormone secreted by the posterior lobe of the pituitary gland; stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb water. Also called antidiuretic hormone or ADH. |
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| Excessive enlargement of the limbs (extremities) due to thickening of bones and soft tissues; caused by hypersecretion of growth hormone from the pituitary gland. |
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| Abnormal condition of inadequate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) from the pituitary gland. Patients experience polyuria (excessive urination) and polydypsia (excessive thirst). |
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| Abnormal condition of no insulin or inadequate insulin secretion from the pancreas. This leads to hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) and glycosuria (sugar in the urine). |
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| Eyeballs that protrude from their sockets; associated with hyperthyroidism. |
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| Enlargement of the thyroid gland. |
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Definition
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| High levels of acids (ketones) in the blood; occuring in diabetes mellitus (Type 1) when cells burn high levels of fats (producing ketones) because sugar is not available as fuel. |
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| Tumor of cells of the adrenal medulla; cells stain a dark (phe/o) or dusky color (chrom/o). |
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Definition
| Hyperthyroidism (overacitivity of the thyroid gland). |
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| Bacterial infection of the urethra and reproductive tract |
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Definition
-Erectile disfunction
-The inability of the adult male to achieve an erection |
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