Term
| this is the largest organ in the body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the organs in the integumentary system include |
|
Definition
| skin, accessory glands, hair, sweat glands, sebaceous glands, nails |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| skin functions: acts as a ___ against the invasion of microorganisms |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| skin functions: protects underlying structures from ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| skin functions: prevents the body from ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| skin function: help maintain and regulate __ __ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| skin function: acts as a ___ for the sensations of touch, heat, cold, pressure and pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| skin function: along with the kidneys, intestines, and lungs the skin plays a crucial role in the disposing of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most ___ ___ ___ occurs through the skin in many different ways |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| heat loss: heat energy is transmitted as rays to the surrounding area |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| heat loss: heat energy passes by direct contact through a non moving medium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| heat loss: heat transfer occurs in a gas or liquid by the circulation of currents from one region to another |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| heat loss: as perspiration or other fluids on the skin and hair change to vapor, they absorb heat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| any other heat loss mainly occurs through __ __ of the respiratory tract, lessor amounts lost through the __ and __ tracts |
|
Definition
| mucous membranes, digestive, urinary |
|
|
Term
| skin composition: 2 principle layers,___ thin outer layer, visible to naked eye |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| skin composition: __ also called corium, inner thicker layer |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the epidermis is made up of |
|
Definition
| stratified squamous epithelial tissue |
|
|
Term
| skin color is determined by the amount of skin pigment or ___ in the stratum germinativum layer of the epidermis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ is the chief factor influencing skin color |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| __ and some ___ also affect skin color |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| true albinism prevents ____ of the skin, hair, eyes, they may suffer from associated lethal traits, lack protection from some of the damaging effects of ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ ___ can affect the skin color, oxygen supplies go down the color will get cyanotic, lower forms of life, chameleon, change skin color quickly to mimic their environment as a means of ___ |
|
Definition
| bloody supply, cyanotic, defense |
|
|
Term
| the dermis is also known as ___ and is made of dense, ___, ___ tissues |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the dermis contains ___ ___, ___ and arrector pili which are small bundles of ___ ___ that are attached to hair follicles when these muscles contract, hair stiffens |
|
Definition
| blood vessels, nerves, involuntary muscles |
|
|
Term
| smooth muscle contract is also noticed in the ___ ____ reaction, which is initiated by the sympathetic nervous system. also known as raising its hackles, hairs along the neck and back it enlarges its apparent size to bluff an opponent during battle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| other items found in the dermis, ___ ___ which are oil producing and lubricate the hair, ___ ___ and receptors for the sensations of ___ heat ___ and pain |
|
Definition
| sebaceous glands, sweat glands, touch, cold |
|
|
Term
| the SQ layer under the dermis is the ___ or ___ it consists of loose, ___ connective tissue, and ___ tissue |
|
Definition
| hypodermis, subcutis, areolar, adipose |
|
|
Term
| skin tends to conform and adhere to the underlying elements, the hypodermis allows the skin to move over the deeper structures ___ ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| skin differs throughout the body, its ___ , ___ and it ___ in ____ |
|
Definition
| tough, stretchable and varies thickness |
|
|
Term
| skin is thickest where it is exposed to hard usage ___ of dogs, forehead, dorsal neck, dorsal thorax, ___,base of the ___ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| skin of some animals is cleaned and preserved in a process called ___ to produce leather, particularly cattle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the thinnest skin is generally located on ___ of ear, axillary regions, ___ regions, perianal regions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| skin looseness varies with species, ___ have abundant loose skin about the neck and shoulders |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| skin looseness varies with species, ___ have very little excess loose skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hair covers most animals as thick coat, except areas of the muzzle and foot surfaces, some species are almost hairless: ___, animals have fur coats rather than hair coats. fur is __ fine ___ hair |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| secondary hairs are also known as ___ ___ make up the undercoat, soft, thin and wavy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this hair is thicker and longer than primary hair, most often found about the face, grow deep from the hypodermis or superficial muscle layer, each hair is accompanied by venous sinus that is generally innervated, this aids the function of the ___ ___ such as touch receptors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cat whiskers or ___ are a prime example of tactile hairs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hair develops from this structure in the dermis, located at the base of a tube in the hair follicle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cells at the base of the follicle increase and push upwards and keratinze, this process forms the ___ ___ ___ at the surface. positioned at a 30-60 degree angle to the skin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| two basic arrangements for hair growth, ___: cows and horses, primary hairs grow from separate follicular opening, ___ : dogs and cats 2 to 5 long guard hairs erupt from a single follicle, surrounded by clusters of wool hairs emerging from a common pore |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hair color is governed by genetics, its important for ___ ___ agouti - unique color pattern displayed in many animals such as dogs, cats, gerbils and rabbits |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| with this hair color, ____, hairs have several bands of light and dark pigment with black tips, this originated from South American rodent that also bears this color pattern |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| this is the process of losing hairs: ___ , hairs grows during cycles, peaks every spring and fall, occurs seasonally as a factor photoperiod, temperate, nutrition, hormones, genetics, general state of health, other intrinsic factors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sweat glands are sudoriferous glands, ___ organs of the skin that cool the body, ___ sweat glands are found throughout the animal body, secrete a strong smelling albuminous substance into the hair follicles |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the ___ sweat glands are coiled tubular structure embedded in the dermis, with its duct emerging on the skin surface, produce a watery sweat not distributed over the entire body, found in limited area, footpads and between the nostrils |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| amount of sweating is masked by the generous hair coast of most mammals, dogs and cats sweat very little instead the __, __, and __ __ on their coats to dissipate heat, horses sweat generously as evidence by the lathering up of sweat |
|
Definition
| pant, slobber and smear saliva |
|
|
Term
| sebaceous glands (holocrine glands) secrete a substance called sebum that lubricates the skin and hair, also ___ __ ___ gives the coat a glossy sheen, increase the spread of sweat,, slows bacterial growth, servers a territorial marker recognize by other members of the species |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ glands found in the lips of cats, during grooming or when a cat rubs its head against an object, secretion is deposited to mark the territory |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ sebaceous gland, glands produce a strong odor, attracts females to male goats during breeding season, glands are located caudomedially to the horn base of bucks and does |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ ___: sebaceous gland, cutaneous pouches located in the four and eight o'clock positions about the anus of carnivores, secretions are foul smelling, expressed during defecation as a territorial marker, skunks empty these sacs to ward of aggressors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ___ ___ are classified as modified sweat glands, locate din the external ear canal, secrete a yellowish, waxy substance called cerumen (earwax) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the __ ___ of animals are covered by modified epidermal structures known as nails, claws, hoofs. All have the following parts in common, wall, sole, pad |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in primates the nail is the ___, the claw in carnivores is the ___, which has been compressed laterally to form a sharp dorsal border, humans and bears are examples of plantigrade animals: have well developed ____ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hoofed animals are called ___, hoof is visible as the animal stands, it is the wall of the foot |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nails, claws and hoofs: protect the deeper structures, can be used for scratching, digging or defense in battle, underlying dermis is richly ___ and ___, trimming the nail, claw or hoof too far is known as cutting the quick and results in bleeding and pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wall - epidermal tissue that includes the toe (front), quarters (sides) and heels (back). bars - raised v-sheped structure on ventral surface of hoof, located on either side of frog, sole - softer hoof tissue located on the ventral surface of the hoof (bottom on the hoof), frog - v-shaped pad of soft horn located in the central region of the ventral hood ssurface between the bars |
|
|
Term
| modified epidermal structures ____ : rudimentary bone in the dog and pig, in ruminants they are like miniature hoofs, consist mainly of wall and bulb. serve no practical purpose, can bear weight on soft ground or when animal has week pasterns |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ____: horn like protrusions on the medial surface of the legs, on the forelimb - located above the carpus, hindlimb - located medial to the hock, ___:keratinized epithelium found in the center of the caudal aspect of the fetlock, usually covered with hair |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| horns and antlers are protrusions from the skull, only in some species, ___- naturally hornless, males have larger horned generally, horns are permanent structures that grows continuously soon after birth - composed of keratin, antlers are shed and regrown each year and are composed of bone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
injury in which superficial layers of skin are scraped
localized collection of pus
skin inflammation caused by plugged sebaceous glands and comedone development from papules and pustules
bacterial skin disease that is worsened by licking and scratching, also called hot spot |
|
Definition
abrasion
abscess
acne
acute moist dermatitis |
|
|
Term
hair loss resulting in hairless patches or complete lack of hair
normal hair loss due to various causes
hypersensitivity reaction in animal involving pruitus with secondary dermatitis, commonly called allergies dermatities
multiple contained skin elevations filled with fluid that are greater than 0.5 cm in diameter |
|
Definition
alopecia
shedding
atopy
bullae |
|
|
Term
tissue injury caused by heat, flame, electricity, chemicals or radiation
cluster of furuncles
malignant neoplasm of epithelial tissue
inflammation of connective tissue
blackhead or buildup of sebum
injury that does not break the skin, characterized by swelling, pain and discoloration
collection of dried sebum and cell debris
inflammation of the skin
inflammation of the skin caused by touching an irritant |
|
Definition
burn
carbuncle
carcinoma
cellulitis
comedo
contusion
crust
dermatitis
contact dermatitis |
|
|
Term
inflammation of the skin and connective tissue
abnormal skin condition caused by superficial fungus
abnormal skin conditions
canine autoimmune disease in which the bridge of the nose exhibit depigmentation
abnormal alteration in keratinization |
|
Definition
dermatocellulitis
dermatomycosis
dermatosis
discoid lupus erythematosus
dyskeratosis |
|
|
Term
purplish non-elevated patch of bleeding into the skin, aka bruise
skin infection with shallow eruptions caused by the pox virus aka sore mouth
general term for inflammatory skin disease characterized by erythema, papules, vesicles, crusts and scabies
collective name for autoimmune lesion of eosinphilic ulcer, eosinophilic plaque and linear granuloma found in cats, this complex of diseases affects the skin, mucocutaneous junction and oral mucosa of cats involving raised ulcerated plaques |
|
Definition
ecchymosis
ecthyma
eczema
eosinophilic granuloma |
|
|
