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Med Terms Cardiovascular
n/a
26
Medical
Undergraduate 1
05/09/2010

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Term
cardiovascular functions to deliver __ and ___ and ___ to the various body tissues and transports waste products to the appropriate waste removal system
Definition
oxygen
nutrients
hormones
Term
term: _____ - pertaining to the heart and blood vessels, cardi/o combining form
_____ - a doubled walled membrane surrounding the hear
_____ - a liquid between the pericardial space. function is to prevent friction between the heart and the pericardium when the heart beats
Definition
cardiovascular
pericardium
pericardial fluid
Term
this is the cavity where the heart lies between the lungs, it also contains large blood vessels, trachea, esophagus,lymph nodes and other structures
Definition
mediastinum
Term
the heart is made up of three walls:
____ external layer of the heart
____ middle and thickest layer, the actual heart muscle
____ inner layer of the heart, lines the heart chambers and valves
Definition
epicardium
mycocardium
endocardium
Term
the ___ ___ serve the heart, supplies nutrients and oxygen

the ___ ___ remove waste products from the myocardium
a ___ ___ is the disruption of blood to the myocardium

____ is the deficiency in the blood supply to the area can lead to necrosis which is tissue death

____ a localized area of necrosis caused by an interrupted blood supply
Definition
coronary arteries, coronary veins, coronary occlusion
ischemia
infarction
Term
the heart is divided into right and left side and right and left chambers, mammals have __ chambers and reptiles have ___
this is he craniodorsal chambers of the heart all vessels coming into the heart enter here
Definition
4
3
Term
___ - the caudoventral chambers, the pumping chambers of the heart and all vessels leaving the heart leave via the ventricles

___ narrow tip of the heart
Definition
ventricles
apex
Term
blood flow through the heart is controlled by valves which are membranous folds, there are __ valves.

right atrioventricular valve (tricuspid valve, A/V valve)
pulmonary valve
left atrioventricular valve (mitral valve)
aortic valve
Definition
4
Term
___ : the recurrence of an action or function at regular intervals
___ : the rate and regularity of the heart
___ : means contraction
___ : means relaxation
Definition
rhythm
heartbeat
systole
diastole
Term
pounding with or without irregularity in rhythm

rapid, random and ineffective heart contractions

abnormally slow heartbeat

abnormally rapid heartbeat
Definition
palpitation
fibrillation
bradycardia
tachycardia
Term
this is an irregular heart rhythm resulting from variation in vagal nerve tone as a result of respiration (non-pathologic arrhythmia)
Definition
normal sinus arrhythmia
Term
a tracing that shows the changes in voltage and polarity over time, the record of electrical activity of the myocardium

the process of recording the electrical activity of the mycocardium
Definition
electrocardiogram ECG or EKG
electrocardiography
Term
the act of listening to body sounds

an instrument used to listen to body sounds

an abnormal sound associated with the turbulent flow of blood
Definition
auscultation
stethoscope
heart murmur
Term
there are 3 major blood vessels, arteries, veins and capillaries. vessel: angi/o and vas/o
artery carries blood ___ from the heart
blood in arteries is oxygenated and usually bright red
blood flow is rapid
muscular walls to allow contraction and expansion to move blood throughout body
artery arteri/o
aorta is the main trunk of the arterial system, aorta aort/o
Definition
away
Term
____ - single-celled thick vessels that connect the arterial and venous systems
blood flow is slower to allow time for diffusion of oxygen, nutrients and waste products
oxygen diffuses from capillaries into tissue and carbon dioxide diffuse from into the capillaries
___ - is the blood flow through tissue
CRT - an indicator of perfusion
Definition
capillaries
perfusion
Term
capillaries connect with venules
venules are tiny blood vessels that carry blood to the veins
___-form a low pressure collecting system that returns blood to the heart
they have thinner walls and are less elastic
they have valves that permits blood flow toward the hear and prevent blood from flowing away from the hear, vein: ven/o and phleb/o
perivascular - around the vessel undesired route
intra-arterial - within an artery
Definition
veins
Term
this is the tension exerted by blood on the arterial walls
hypertension: high BP
hypotension : low BP
antihypertensives: drugs used to lower blood pressure
___ - the rhythmic expansion and contraction of an artery produced by pressure
___ - measured the mount of pressure exerted against the walls of the vessels
Definition
blood pressure
pulse
sphyhmomanometer
Term
pressure:
___ - occurs when the ventricles contract and is highest toward the end of the stroke output
___ - occurs when the ventricles relax and is lowest late in ventricular dilation
tensi/o - means pressure or tension when describing blood pressure
Definition
systolic
diastolic
Term
process of recording the electrical activity of the heart

constricting band applied to a limb to control bleeding or assist in drawing blood
Definition
electrocardiography
tourniquet
Term
localized balloon like enlargement of an artery

disease of vessels

hardening and narrowing of the arteries

compression of the heart due to fluid or blood collection in the pericardial sac

heart enlargement
Definition
aneurysm
angiopath
atherosclerosis
cardiac tamponade
cardiomegaly
Term
disease of the heart muscle

excessive growth of the left ventricle

inflammation of the heart

syndrome that reflects insufficient cardiac output to meet the body's needs; CHF

accumulation of fluid
Definition
cardiomyopathy
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
carditis
congestive heart failure
congestion
Term
accumulation of fluid in the intercellular spaces

fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity

abnormal fluid accumulation in the pleural space

substances that increase urine excretion

pulmon/o - combining form for lung

heartworm infection
Definition
edema
ascities
pleural effusison
diurectics
dirofilarisasis
Term
obstruction of blood flow from the vena cava caused by heavy heartworm infestation

foreign object that is circulating in blood

a blockage of a vessel by a foreign object

inflammation of the endocardium and sometimes the heart valves
Definition
caval syndrome
embolus
embolism
endocarditis
Term
benign tumor comprised of newly formed blood vessels

collection of blood

above normal levels of oxygen to tissues

blue tinge to the skin and mucous membranes
Definition
hemangioma
hematoma
hypercapnia
hypoxia
cyanosis
Term
below normal levels of carbon dioxide

blood clot attached to the interior wall of a vein or artery

substances that prevent blood clotting
Definition
hypocapnia
thrombus
anticoagulants
Term
tension exerted by blood in the cranial vena cava aka CVP

use of electric shock to restore normal heart rhythm

control of stoppage of bleeding
Definition
central venous pressure
defibrillation
hemostasis
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