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| urea, creatinine, and uric acid |
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Definition
| waste products of proteins |
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| secreted by kidneys; raises blood pressure (keeps blood moving through kidney) |
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| a hormone that stimulates red blood cell production in the bone marrow |
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| behind the peritoneum; kidneys are found here |
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| means bark; outter most layer of kidney |
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| means marrow; inner region of kidney |
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| a depression on the medial border of the kidney; blood vessles and nerves pass through here |
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| a triangular region at the base of the bladder where the ureters enter and the urethra exits |
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| externa opening of the urethra |
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| colelction of tiny capillaries |
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Term
| Glomerular (Bowman) capsule |
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Definition
| cup like structure that collects water, sugar, salts, and wastes |
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| attached to the glomerular capsule |
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| final stage; acids, drugs, and potassium as a salt |
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Definition
| glomerulus + renal tubule |
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| all collection tubules lead here |
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| cup like structures of the renal pelvis |
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| albumin (protein in blood) |
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| ketone bodies (ketoacids and acetone) |
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| urination; urine condition |
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Definition
| involuntary discharge/bed-wetting |
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| voluntary frequent urination at night |
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| inflammation of the connective tissure that lies between the renal tubules |
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Definition
| kidney stones (renal calculi) |
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Term
| neprotic syndrome (nephrosis) |
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Definition
group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine
edema and hypoalbuminemia |
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Term
| polycystic kidney disease (PKD) |
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Definition
multiple fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within and on the kidney;
asymptomatic- until middle age then hematuria, UTI, nephrolithiasis.
Other type- infants or children, results in renal failure |
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Definition
| inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal raechyma |
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Definition
essential and distinctive tissue of an organ;
nephrons = renals parenchyma |
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Term
renal cell carcinoma;
hypernephroma |
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Definition
| cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood |
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Term
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Definition
kidney decreases excretion of wastes as a result of impaired filtration function;
acute- ACF
chronic- CRF
chronic kidney disease- (CKD) range from 1-5 |
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Definition
| high blood pressure resulting from kidney disease |
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Definition
| malignant tumor of the kidney occuring in childhood |
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antidiuretic hormone is not secreted adequately, or the kidney is resistant to its effect;
lack of ADH prevents water from being reabsorbed into the blood stream;
insipidus means tasteless |
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Definition
insulin is not secreted adequately or not used properly in the body;
glycosuria, hyperglycemia, polyuria, polydispia |
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Term
| blood urea nitrogen (BUN) |
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Definition
| measurement of urea levels in blood |
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Definition
| measurement of the rate at which creatinine is cleared from the blood by the kidney; measures glomerular filtration rate (GFR) |
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Definition
| x-ray images show multiple cross-sectional and other views of organs and tissues; with or without contrast; tumors, cysts, abscesses, hydronephrosis |
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Term
| kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB) |
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Definition
| x-ray examination (withOUT contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder; size and location |
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Term
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Definition
| x-ray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidneys; shows bleeding within a kidney and renal artery stenosis |
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Term
| retrograde pyelogram (RP) |
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Definition
| x-ray imaging of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary cathete into the ureters froim the bladder, shows stones and obstructions |
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Term
| voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG) |
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Definition
| x-ray record (with contrast) of the urinary baldder and urethra obtained while that patient is voiding |
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Term
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Definition
imaging of urinary tract structures using high-frequency sound waves;
kidney size, tumors, hydronephrosis, polycystic kidney disease, urethral and bladder obstruction |
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Definition
image of the kidney after injection a radioactive substance into the bloodstream;
size and shape of kidney and its functioning, narrowing of blood vessels, diagnose obstructions, and determine individual functioning of each kidney |
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Term
| magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
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Definition
| changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in three planes of the body |
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Definition
direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope;
tumors, calculi, inflammation |
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Definition
| process of separation nitrogenous waste materials from the blood |
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Definition
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| fluid injected into peritoneal cavity, waste in capillaries pass out of blood stream, fluid removed |
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Definition
| urinary tract stones are crushed |
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Definition
| shock waves directed toward the stone from the outside of the body |
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Definition
| dialation of narrowed areas in renal arteries |
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| removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination |
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| surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient |
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Definition
| passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary baldder |
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