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Med Surg Hematologic disorders
vocab
61
Nursing
Undergraduate 2
10/25/2012

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Cards

Term
absolute neutrophil count
Definition
A calculation of the number of circulating neutrophils, derived from the total wbc's and the % of neutrophils counted in a microscope's visual field.
Term
anemia
Definition
decreased rbc count
Term
anergy
Definition
diminished reactivity to antigens
Term
angiogenesis
Definition
formation of new blood vessels
Term
angular cheilosis
Definition
cracking sore at corner of mouth
Term
aplasia
Definition
lack of cellular development (of cells within the bone marrow)
Term
band cell
Definition
slightly immature neutrophil
Term
D-dimer
Definition
test to measure fibrin breakdown; considered more specific than fibrin degradation products in the diagnosis of disseminated intravascular coagulation
Term
cytokines
Definition
hormones produced by leukocytes that are vital to regulation of hematopoiesis, apoptosis, and immune responses
Term
differentation
Definition
development of functions and characteristics that are different from those of the parent stem cell
Term
erythrocyte sedimentation rate
Definition
laboratory test that measures the rate of settling of rbc's; elevation is indicative of inflammation; also called the sed rate
Term
erythroid cells
Definition
any cell that is or will become a mature rbc
Term
erythropoiesis
Definition
process of formation of rbc's
Term
erythropoietin
Definition
hormone produced primarily by the kidney; necessary for erythropoiesis
Term
fibrin
Definition
filamentous protein; basis of thrombus and blood clot
Term
fibrinogen
Definition
protein converted into fibrin to form thrombus and clot
Term
fibrinolysis
Definition
process of breakdown of fibrin clot
Term
granulocyte
Definition
granulated wbc (neutrophil, eosinophil, basophil)
Term
haptoglobin
Definition
blood protein synthesized by liver
Term
hematocrit
Definition

percentage of total blood volume consisting of rbc's

 

Term
hematopoiesis
Definition
complex process of the formation and maturation of blood cells
Term
hemoglobin
Definition
iron-containing protein of rbc's; delivers oxygen to tissues
Term
hemolysis
Definition
destruction of rbc's
Term
hemosiderin
Definition
iron-containing pigment derived from breakdown of hemoglobin
Term
hemostasis
Definition
intricate balance between clot formation and clot dissolution
Term
histiocytes
Definition
cells present in all loose connective tissue, capable of phagocytosis
Term
hypochromia
Definition
pallor within the rbc caused by decreased hemoglobin content
Term
left shift, or shift to the left
Definition
increased release of immature forms of wbcs from the bone marrow in response to need
Term
leukemia
Definition
uncontrolled proliferation of wbcs, often immature
Term
leukopenia
Definition
less than normal amount of wbcs in circulation
Term
lymphocyte
Definition
form of wbc involved in immune functions
Term
lymphoid
Definition
pertaining to lymphocytes
Term
lysis
Definition
destruction of cells
Term
macrophage
Definition
reticuloendothelial cells capable of phagocytosis
Term
microcytosis
Definition
smaller than normal rbcs
Term
monocyte
Definition
large wbc that becomes a macrophage when it leaves the circulation and moves into body tissues
Term
myeloid
Definition
pertaining to nonlymphoid blood cells that differentiate into rbcs, platelets, macrophages, mast cells, and various wbcs
Term
myelopoiesis
Definition
formation and maturation of cells derived from myeloid stem cell
Term
neutropenia
Definition
lower than normal number of neutrophils
Term
neutrophil
Definition
fully mature wbc capable of phagocytosis; primary defense against bacterial infection
Term
normochromic
Definition
normal rbc color, indicating normal amount of hemoglobin
Term
normocytic
Definition
normal size of rbc
Term
nucleated rbc
Definition
immature form of rbc; portion of nucleus remains within the rbc
Term
oxyhemoglobin
Definition
combined form of oxygen and hemoglobin; found in arterial blood
Term
pancytopenia
Definition
abnormal decrease in wbcs, rbcs, and platelets
Term
phagocytosis
Definition
process of cellular ingestion and digestion of foreign bodies
Term
plasma
Definition
liquid portion of blood
Term
plasminogen
Definition
protein converted to plasmin to dissolve thrombi and clots
Term
platelet
Definition
thrombocyte; a cellular component of blood involved in blood coagulation
Term
poikilocytosis
Definition
variation in shape of rbcs
Term
polycythemia
Definition
excess rbcs
Term
red blood cell
Definition
erythrocyte; a cellular component of blood involved in the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide
Term
reticulocytes
Definition
slightly immature rbcs, usually only 1% of total circulating rbcs
Term
reticuloendothelial system
Definition
complex system of cells throughout body capable of phagocytosis
Term
serum
Definition
portion of blood remaining after coagulation occurs
Term
stem cell
Definition
primitive cell, capable of self-replication and differentiation into myeloid or lymphoid stem cell
Term
throbin
Definition
enzyme necessary to convert fibrinogen into fibrin clot
Term
thrombocytopenia
Definition
lower than normal platelet count
Term
thrombocytosis
Definition
higher than normal platelet count
Term
white blood cell
Definition
leukocyte; one of several cellular components of blood involved in defense of the body; subtypes include neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, monocytes, and lymphocytes
Term
blast cell
Definition
primitive wbc
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