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| 60-70 sec Coagulation cascade |
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| international ratio of PT levels |
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| Therapeutic Level of digoxin |
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| 0.6-1.5 release if infarction causes damage to Myocardium 3 hours after MI |
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| Less 90 mcg/L. rise 2 hours afters MI. Decline after 7 hours |
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Beta Blockers
Metoprolol (Lopressor, Toprol) Atenolol (Tenormin) Carvedilol (Coreg) |
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Definition
Dilates blood vessels and lower afterload and CO, lower signs and symptoms of HF Improves exercise capacity.
Release catecholamines, epinephrine, and norepinephrine.
Contraindicated with asthma, bradycardia
Asses respiratory, VS, no cold medications. |
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| First-generation calcium channel blockers, such as vera- pamil (Calan), nifedipine (Procardia), and diltiazem (Cardizem) |
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| contraindicated with pt with systolic HF |
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Amlodipine (Norvasc)
Felodipine (Plendil) |
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CCB. Vasodilation and reduction of systemic vascular resistance, Decreased contractility.
VS, liver enzymes levels, kidney function, bradycardia, dizziness |
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| neurohormone that help regulate BP and fluid volume |
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| amino acid linked to atherosclerosis less than 12 |
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Furosemide (Lasix)
Thiazide diuretic:
Metolazone (Zaroxolyn) Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) Aldosterone antagonist: Spironolactone (Aldactone) |
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Definition
| inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption. decreasing vascular fluid volume. |
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| atropine IV every 3-5 min total 3 mg. Blocks vagal stimulation |
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| treatment of choice for A-fib |
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| to treat torsade de pointes |
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| force Myocardia contraction |
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| Conduction through AV Node |
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Definition
Produces vasodilation
No with hypotension
to treat angina |
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inotropic agents
Dopamine
Dobutamine
Inamrinone lactate
Milrinone |
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Definition
stimulates myocardial contractility.
Hepatotoxicity
Monitor BP, edema, dyspnea, electrolytes. |
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Definition
| to relieve pain acute MI. reduce preload and afterload and relaxes bronchioles to help oxygenation |
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Definition
to prevent platelets aggregation
Aspirin
Clopidogrel (Plavix)
Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa agents:
Abciximab (ReoPro) Tirofiban (Aggrastat)
Eptifibatide (Integrilin) |
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Definition
Prevention of thrombus formation
Heparin (unfractionated) Low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs):
Enoxaparin (Lovenox)
Dalteparin (Fragmin) |
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| Low molecular weight heparin. Risk for bleeding, abdominal wall. |
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Definition
prevent from fibrinogen to fibrin. aPTT 1.5-2.5 times the normal value. 20.36 sec.
Monitor aPTT
bleeding
Antidote PROTAMINE SULFATE |
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| Warfarin Sodium (coumadin) |
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Definition
Antagonist of vitamin K. Prolongs clotting time
9.5-12 |
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Definition
| is a tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) that activates the plasminogen present on a blood clot. An IV bolus dose is given and followed by an infusion. |
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ACE inhibitor
Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril) Benazepril (Lotensin) Captopril (Capoten) Enalapril/enalaprilat (Vasotec) Fosinopril (Monopril) Moexipril (Univasc) Perindopril (Aceon) Quinapril (Accupril)
Ramipril (Altace)
Trandolapril (Mavik) |
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Definition
| inhibitors prevent the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Lower BP lower Afterload. Diuresis |
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Definition
Recombinant version of human B-type natriuretic peptide that vasodilates arteries and veins. HF.
SF: hypotension, confusion, dythrrythmias. |
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ARB's
Valsartan (Diovan)
Candesartan (Atacand)
Eprosartan (Teveten)
Irbesartan (Avapro)
Telmisartan (Micardis)
Losartan (Cozaar) |
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Definition
| ecreased blood pressure, decreased sys- temic vascular resistance, and improved cardiac output |
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Definition
| may be used in the patient with acute MI. |
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Definition
| to increase amount of Oxygen in blood. Normal 93% |
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