Term
|
Definition
primarily afffects the weight bearing joints
may have crepitition |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Morning Stiffness of all jooints and elevated sedimmentation rate |
|
|
Term
| needs a low purine diet - purine is an ennd product of protein digestion and breaks down into uric acid |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| clients need to stay physically active and use narcotic and non narcotic analgesics depending on the level of pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if fractured and complaints of numbness distally what to do |
|
Definition
| indicates decreased circulation, nerve compression and possibly compartment syndrome. Neurovascular assessment to determine extent of problem after, elevate while dr notified. |
|
|
Term
| Most effective tx for osteomyelitis |
|
Definition
| infection in bone - hard to heal - IV antibiotics for extended period and are usuallyy Rx in aggressive tx |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shorter than opposite and abnormally - externally or internally - rotated |
|
|
Term
| common sign of a fx that is nondisplaced simple |
|
Definition
| edema redness warmth inability to bearr weight and pain |
|
|
Term
| Reproduction or multiplicattion of similar forms usually referrring to increases of cells |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a partial or incomplete dislocation or displacemernt ofo a bone from its normal position |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| type of skin tracttion andd is used to stablize and immobilize a fractured femur. It decreases risk for further injury until surgery and can reduce painful muscle spasms |
|
|
Term
| Multiple Sclerosis priority |
|
Definition
| assist the client to identify factors tat precipitate axacerbations |
|
|
Term
| use of a radiopaque solution injected into a joint to outline the joint for visualization of cartilage and joint structures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| priority nursing action for just sustaining a hip fracturee |
|
Definition
| immobilize the affected extremity b/c movement could cause further damage, more extensive internal bleeding and increased pain |
|
|
Term
| Overhead trapeze for a broken femur does |
|
Definition
| facilitate independent movement in bed. Maintains range of motion of upper extremitiies and strengthens biceps. Secondary benefits are enhances breathing and lung expansion and promotes circulation |
|
|
Term
| osteoporosis in women primary causes |
|
Definition
| low lifetime of calcium intake, family hx, low fluoride intake & inactive lifestyle, advanced age, small frame, and low Vit D intake |
|
|
Term
| How do you prevent footdrop with a leg in a cast |
|
Definition
| foot is supported with 90 degrees of flexion |
|
|
Term
the progression compromise of neurovascular function of tissue in a confined space such as in a cast. It may also result from inflammation that is circumferenttial around an extremity.
The earliest sign is paresthesia then pain, pressure from edema, pallor, paralysis and absent pulse |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| causeed by decreased circulation due to pressure, tissue3 hypoxia and destruction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Infectious process of the bone |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| acute even wheere fat globules release into circulation obstruct pulmonary circulation. It is seen with a fx of long bones such as femur |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| low platelett count may be accompanied by signs of hemorrhange such as bruising and petechiae |
|
|
Term
| Electrolyte affected by multiple blood transfers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| classic sign of pernicious anemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Highest Priority care in thrombocytopenia |
|
Definition
| Protecting the client from potential injury b/c law platelet and impaired clotting mechanism - an injury could cause spontaneous hemorrhage internally or externally |
|
|
Term
| Highest N Dx for iron deficiency anemia |
|
Definition
| Impaired Gas Exchange - there are subnornal hemoglobin levels that cannot carry enough oxygen to the tissues. |
|
|
Term
| parathyroid hormones conntrol |
|
Definition
| serum calcium by regulating absorption of calciuum from the GI tract, mobilizing calcium in bones and exreting caal in breast milk, feces, sweat and urine. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What insulin is drawed up first if you have 2 in same tube |
|
Definition
| Regular b/ you dont want the Regular to become contaiminated with the NPH. Inject air in the NPH first |
|
|
Term
| Cushing Syndrom prominent sign |
|
Definition
| truncal obesity, moon face and fat deposits in neck and upper back known as buffalo hump. Reults from overproduction of adrenocorticosteroids or taking large doses of steroid medication. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cardiac dysrhythmias may result b/c of increased serum calcium levels |
|
|
Term
| Complications of hypothyroidism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Propranolol given with diabetes - major concern |
|
Definition
| decreased ability to sense hypoglycemia. it can mask hypoglycemia induced tachycardia, thereby decreasing ability to sense a drop in blood sugar. |
|
|
Term
| a disorder of posteerior pituittary gland causing a deficiency of ADH which results in the inabilityy of the kidneys to reabsorb water. Can lead to increased urinary output as primary clinical manifestation. Without tx severely dehydrated and hypovolemic shock. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| results from hyperthyroidism and causes an increase in metabolism. Important for nurse to plan care to MAINTAIN OR GAIN WEIGHT |
|
Definition
| Graves Disease - will be hyper alert, anxious, difficulty sleeping. |
|
|
Term
| Syndroe of Inappropriate Antidiuretic Hormone secretion |
|
Definition
| characterized by excessive relea e of ADH from Posterior Pituitary Gladn resulting in the inability of the kidneys to dilute urine. Retain Water, and increased extracellular fluid volume and hyponatremia. |
|
|
Term
| reults from a deficiency of adrenocorticosteroid hormones, steroid theerapy is primary tx |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| serious complication from cirrhosis of liver |
|
Definition
| frequenct nosebleeds and bruising |
|
|
Term
| Immediate concern postoperative for cholecystectomy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the passage of food into the jejunum without being diluted. This causes a surge of insulin to be released resulting in the sx of profuse sweating nausea dizziness and weakness. Frequently seenn in clients who have had a subtotal gastrectomy or gastric bypass surgerey. |
|
|
Term
| Highest suicide rate of any age group |
|
Definition
| Older adults - any suicide tendencies should be reported to dr. |
|
|
Term
| single most important predictor for falls |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Restraints should be checked |
|
Definition
| every 30 to 60 minutes and released every 2 hours |
|
|
Term
| driving of older adults should be discontinued |
|
Definition
| wheen vision, reflexes, or confidence begins to suffer |
|
|
Term
| 70 yr old is non compliant in taking meds, what should nurse do |
|
Definition
| as what the barriers are to taking the meds |
|
|
Term
| older client's highest risk for abuse is from |
|
Definition
| family member who becomes frustrated or distraught over the burden of caring 0 |
|
|
Term
| older adult depression leads to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Fastest subgroup of older adults |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Relocation stress best practice |
|
Definition
| reorient the client frequently to his location |
|
|
Term
| broad term used for a syndrome that involves a slowly progressive cognitive declince |
|
Definition
| dementia - sometimes referred to as chronic confusion |
|
|
Term
| broad term defined as a mood disorder that can have cognitive, affective and physical manifestations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when assessing for acute or chronic pain, what best question for nurse to ask |
|
Definition
| when does it hurt - helps determine precipitating fxs to help identify source of pain |
|
|
Term
| condition created by undertreatment of pain - characterized by anger, esclating demand for more or different medication. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Demerol 100 mg q4hr IM - is comparable to what PO |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Client with cancer receiving low dose oral morphine but still reports breakthrough pain as well as constipation. What intervention does the nurse implement |
|
Definition
| gives ordered docusate and gabapentin - docusate is a stool softener and gabapentine is adjuvant for breakthrough pain |
|
|
Term
| client with chronic pain says i just can't manage living right now what intervention does nurse anticipate |
|
Definition
| add Zoloft -sertraline - both tricyyclic and other antidepressants help treat dpression accompanied by chronic pain. They stimulate the activitty of endogenous opiates (endorphines and enkephalines) by increasing levels of the neuurotransmitter serotonin. They have a sedative effect. |
|
|
Term
| Postoperative epidural analgesia reports itching what does nurse do |
|
Definition
| give a small amount of Narcan |
|
|
Term
| What medication can be given is Potassium is high |
|
Definition
| Insulin and Dextrose - a combo of 20 u of regular insulin in 100 ml of 20% dextrose wll promote K+ into ICF |
|
|
Term
| What is given for dehydration |
|
Definition
| 5% Dextrose in water - it is isotonic |
|
|
Term
| Maximum amount recommended ffor infusion rate of K+ |
|
Definition
| 5 to 10 mEq hr NEVER to exceed 20 mEq hr under any circumstances |
|
|
Term
| Priority assessment when giving Lasix |
|
Definition
| response to drg especially weight loss and inncreased urine output |
|
|
Term
| Hypokalemia increases the sensitivity of the cardiac muscles to any drug especially |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rehydration most important things to monitor |
|
Definition
| pulse rate and quality and urine output |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bananas, cantaloupe, kiwi, oranges, avacodos, broccoli, dried beans, lima beans, mushroomms, potatoes, seaweed, soybeans and spinanch |
|
|
Term
| Potassium depleting diuretics |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Best indicator of fluid retention and overload |
|
Definition
| rapid daily wts. Each pound of weight gained (after the first half-pound) equates to 500 ml of retained water. |
|
|
Term
| Common cause of Hypernatremia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| common cause of hyponatremia |
|
Definition
| hyperglycemia, hypotonic fluid administration, low salt diet |
|
|
Term
| physiologic change resulting from the aging process that alters hydration status in older adults |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| client admitted for hypokalemia and skeletal muscle weakness - priority assessment |
|
Definition
| respirations - because of weakness of muscles needed for breathing. |
|
|
Term
| first priority intervention for fluid overload |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hyponatremia what finding requires immediate action |
|
Definition
| muscle weakness - check respirations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| body fluids free hydrogen ion level. This value has narrowest range of normal and the tightest control mechanisms of all electrolyte |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| bicarbonate level in arterial blood |
|
|
Term
| the role of HCO3 in blood |
|
Definition
| binds with Hydrogen ions to decrease acidity |
|
|
Term
| names of compensatory or regulatory mechanisms used in the process of compensation |
|
Definition
| Chemical, Respiratory and Renal |
|
|
Term
| first arterial blood gas noticeable change in acid base balance that indicates acidosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| initial priority for anxiety induced respiratory alkalosis |
|
Definition
| encouraging slow deep breathing |
|
|
Term
| documenting peripheral venous catheter insertion |
|
Definition
| client's response, date and time inserted, type and size of device, type of dressing applied |
|
|
Term
| Excessive phyical activity can dislodge a |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Best Insertion site for a PICC for same day surger |
|
Definition
| cephalic vein of the FA or basilic vein allows movement without impairing intravenous flow |
|
|
Term
| IV catherter used for 1 to 4 weeks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| IV cath expected to last months |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Gauge of needle if undergoing surgery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How often do you change intermittent IV sets |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| erythema with or without pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pain at access with erythema and/or edema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pain at access site with erythema and/or edema and streak formation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pain at the access site with erythema and/or edema, streak formation, a palpable venous cord more than 1 inch long and purulent drainage. |
|
|
Term
| nurse comes into clients room for them pushing the call light what does nurse do next |
|
Definition
| checks the insertion site. patency is priority |
|
|
Term
| client is admitted to cardiothoracic surgerical intesive care after bypass. sedated, on a ventilator and has an arterial cath in right wrist what must nurse assess to ensure patency |
|
Definition
| capillary refill and pulse |
|
|
Term
| Intraosseous route should be used when |
|
Definition
| immdiate period of resuscitation and should not be used for more than 24 hours |
|
|
Term
| diabetic patients who take insulin on day of surgery should |
|
Definition
| be given a reduced dose of intermediate or long acting insulin based on bloood glucose levels or may be given regular insulin in divided doses on the day of surgery |
|
|
Term
| drugs commonly given before surgery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Patients that are allergic to Bananas are commonly allergic to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| colostomy is characterized as |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The perioperative client smokes a pack a day, nurses teaching priority is |
|
Definition
| Incentive spiromettry importance 0 for good lung hygiene by encourage deep breathing |
|
|
Term
| What are antiembolism stockings for |
|
Definition
| along with exercise, they will help promotte venous return which aid in preventing DVT |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anti inflammatory, reduce fever & pain, reduces platetet action and increases clotting time, risk for hemorrhage |
|
|
Term
| what method must be used to communicate the patient's allergy to sulfa medications |
|
Definition
| a red bracelet on pt's wrist and the medical record must be verified. |
|
|
Term
| drug for malignant hyperthermia |
|
Definition
| Danntrolene sodiuum - a skeletal muscle relaxant |
|
|
Term
| drug that is 75 to 125x more potent than morphine |
|
Definition
| Fentanyl - opioid analgesic |
|
|
Term
| acute, life threatening complication to certain drugs used for anesthesia clinical manestfisations include ttachyycaridia, dysrhythmias, muscle rigidity, Hypotension, tachypnea, skin mottling, cyanosis and myoglobinuria |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who is most likely person to administer blood products in an operating suite |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| registtered nurses who coordinate, oversee, and are involved in the cllients nursing care in the operating room |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| manages the cclient's care before surgery |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sets up the sterile field, drapes the client, and hand sterile supplies, sterile equipment and instruments tto the surgeon and the assistant |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| during surgery who is most responsible for monitoring for possible breaks in sterile tech |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the unidentified pt from the ER require immediate surgery, but not conscious and no one is with him, what does nurse do to verify the informed consent |
|
Definition
| ensures written consultation of 2 non involved physicians 0 |
|
|
Term
| most sensitive indication of Malignant HTN |
|
Definition
| unexpected rise in the end tidal CO2 level with a decreasee in Oxy saturation |
|
|
Term
| encourages clients to take deep slow breathes which facilitate the opening of terminal airways, mobilizing secretions, and preventing postoperative attelectasis |
|
Definition
| use of incentive spirometer |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fecal contammination of food or water |
|
|
Term
| most common sx of hiatel hernia |
|
Definition
| heartburn aka pyrosis - results from reflux of gastric secretions into the esophagus. |
|
|
Term
| what is recommended to decrease the sx of dumping syndrome |
|
Definition
| avoid fluids with meals, high fowlers position |
|
|
Term
| post op - snoring sounds could indicate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A cllent with high risk of poor wound healinng |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how does nurse position the client with post op respiratory depression |
|
Definition
| side lying with the head in a neutral position |
|
|
Term
| Acurrate PFT - Pulmonary function test |
|
Definition
| no smoking 6 hrs before test |
|
|
Term
| indication of puulmonary edema |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| popping discontinuous sounds caused by moving air into previous deflated airways |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| loud rogh grating scratching breath sounds. caused by inflamed surfaces of pleura |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Increaseed anteroposterior diameter is normal with |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| number of packs a day x the number of years smoked |
|
|
Term
| postcrochoscopy which intervention |
|
Definition
| NPO until gag reflees return |
|
|
Term
| client pulls out a 2 day old trach tube, what do first |
|
Definition
1 assess the clients airwaay and breathing. if apneic, vent is required with resuscitation back.
2 ventilate
3 call Rapid Response Team |
|
|
Term
| how to you hyperoxygenate before trach care |
|
Definition
| preox with 100% O2 39 sec to 3 minutes to prevent hypoxemia. for 1 to 5 minutes or until the clients baseline heart rate and oxy sat are normal |
|
|
Term
| how long do you suction for trach care |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the peak pressure alarm is sounding on tthe ventilator of the clience with recent tracheostomy 0 what does nurse do first |
|
Definition
assess the client
s respiratory status. |
|
|
Term
| the respirations of sedated client with new trach have become noiisy and vent alerms indicate high peak pressures, immediate action |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| indicator of posterior nasal bleeding and requires immediate action |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| stridor with facial trauma indicates |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| during sleep the muscles relax and the tongue and neck structures are displaced as a result the upper airway is obstructted even though chest wall movement is unimpaired. It increases blood CO2 levels and decreases PH. The blood gas changes stiumulate neural centers. The sleeper awakens after 19 sec or longer of apnea, corrects the obstruction and respiration resummes. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| tips for decreaasing aspiration in trachs |
|
Definition
maintain upright position 30 min after eating
dry swallow after each bite - clears residue
tuck in chin |
|
|
Term
| Oxygen adminstration for COPD |
|
Definition
| 1 to 2 L min through nasal cannula |
|
|
Term
| COPD primary drive for breathing |
|
Definition
| a low arterial oxygen level |
|
|
Term
| bacterial agent spread from one CF pt to another |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| directions for peak flow meters |
|
Definition
make sure meter reaads 0 at base level to start
stand if able
take a deep breath
blow into meter as hard and fast as possible for 1 to 2 seconds
exhakle with his lips firmly around mouthpiece, |
|
|
Term
| aerosal or dry powder inhaler |
|
Definition
| remove the caps from inhaler and spacer. insert mouthpeice into the nonmouthpeice of the spacer. skake vigorously 4 to 5 times. place mouthpeice in mouth, over the tonge and seal with lips. press down firmly to release med into spacer, breathe in slowly and deeply. if spacer makes whistling sound it is too fast, remove mouth peice keep lips closed and hold for at least 10 sec then breathe out slowly,. wait at least 1 minute between puffs |
|
|
Term
| why - as a questtion to pt seems |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common complication of COPD |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what position allows for increased movement of abd |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| first linen of maintenance for asthma to prevent symptoms between exacerbations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| nurse has been teaching improved airflow techniques to pt who has continued to have restrictive breathing problems which is best indicator of success |
|
Definition
| SpO2 maintaining a baseline during activity |
|
|
Term
| Green zone readings for peak flow test |
|
Definition
80% or above
yellow zone is 50 to 80% = use rescue drugs
Red zone is below 50% = emergency help |
|
|
Term
| prevention of ventalator associated pneumonia |
|
Definition
| changing the ven circuit q48 hrs, continuous removal of subglottic secretions, elevating HOB 30 to 45 degrees, handwashingn before annd after contact with each client, |
|
|
Term
| TB no longer infectious when |
|
Definition
| 3 negative sputum cultures |
|
|
Term
| client is in ventricular tachycardia what first |
|
Definition
assess the carotid pulse
assigng would be done after checking ABC, LOC, and O2 to see if stable or unstable. if a pulse present, it is sttable and synchronized cardioversion is recommended |
|
|
Term
| clients at risk for bradydyshythmias shouuld avoid bearing down or straining |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pt admitted with SOB and intermittent chest pain, a cardiac cath shows inadequate relaxation of the LV during diastole and the ejection fraction is 48% what type heart failure |
|
Definition
| diastolic heart failure - |
|
|
Term
| Low out put states of heart |
|
Definition
| left and right side failure |
|
|
Term
| Green zone readings for peak flow test |
|
Definition
80% or above
yellow zone is 50 to 80% = use rescue drugs
Red zone is below 50% = emergency help |
|
|
Term
| prevention of ventalator associated pneumonia |
|
Definition
| changing the ven circuit q48 hrs, continuous removal of subglottic secretions, elevating HOB 30 to 45 degrees, handwashingn before annd after contact with each client, |
|
|
Term
| TB no longer infectious when |
|
Definition
| 3 negative sputum cultures |
|
|
Term
| client is in ventricular tachycardia what first |
|
Definition
assess the carotid pulse
assigng would be done after checking ABC, LOC, and O2 to see if stable or unstable. if a pulse present, it is sttable and synchronized cardioversion is recommended |
|
|
Term
| clients at risk for bradydyshythmias shouuld avoid bearing down or straining |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pt admitted with SOB and intermittent chest pain, a cardiac cath shows inadequate relaxation of the LV during diastole and the ejection fraction is 48% what type heart failure |
|
Definition
| diastolic heart failure - |
|
|
Term
| Low out put states of heart |
|
Definition
| left and right side failure |
|
|
Term
| decreased tissue perfusion from poor CO and pulmonary congestion from increase3d pressure in pulmonary vessels indicate |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| systolic ventrical dysfunction results when |
|
Definition
| heart unable to contract forcefully enough during systole to eject adequate amts of blood into circulation. Preload with decreaseed contractillity and afterload inncreasees as a result of peripheral resistance |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| can occur when CO remains normal or above normal |
|
|
Term
| Nursing Dx for heart failure |
|
Definition
excess fluid volume r/t compromised reg mechanism
impaired phy mobility related to limited cardiovascular endurance
impaired Gas exchange related to ventilation perfusion imbal
potential for pulmonary edema |
|
|
Term
| important consideration for human B type natriuetic peptide (hBNP) such as nesiritide (Natrecor) for acute heart failure |
|
Definition
| careful monitor blood pressure 0 use a separate infusion line because they are not compatible with heparin and most other parenteral meds. |
|
|
Term
| therapeutic digoxin levels |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| exhibiting signs of pulmonary edema as a result of CHF |
|
Definition
| administer high flow at 5 to 6 by face mase to maintain Sp > 90% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a cough is indicative
measure I and O
posittioning is important
weight is an important factior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| asymptomatic, chesst pain, palpitations, exercise intolerance. Atypical chestt pain is usually sharp pain located on Left sidde |
|
|
Term
| Principal concerns for clients with aortic insufficiency are |
|
Definition
| exteertional dyspnea, orthopnea, and pparoxysmal nocturnal dyspnea |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the aortic valve leaflets to not close properly during diastole and the valve ring may be dillated loose or deformed allows regurgiation of blood from aorta back to LV during diastole |
|
|
Term
| the chordae tendinea contract and shorten in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx of endocarditis instead of pericarditis or rheumatic carditis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Sx is friction rub in Left lower sternal border |
|
Definition
| chronic constrictive pericarditis |
|
|
Term
| pain aggrivated by breathing coughing and swallowing |
|
Definition
| chronic connstrictive pericarditis |
|
|
Term
| thickening of endocardium |
|
Definition
| indicative of rheuumatic carditis |
|
|
Term
| c of Orthostatic hypertension is an expected side effect after surgery b |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
eleminate or reduce sodiuum
loose wt
no smoking
take meds |
|
|
Term
| immobilization is a risk for |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| behaviorals that prevent vascular disease |
|
Definition
stop smoking
stretching q30 while working at a computer
low fat diet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when platelets aggregate and then group of blood lipids accumulate |
|
|
Term
| normal cholesterol levels |
|
Definition
HDL >40
LDL < 100
cholesterol <200
triglycericdess <135 |
|
|
Term
| diett to prevent artherosclerosis |
|
Definition
| enriched or fortified cereals that contain 100% of folic acid, vit B6 (pyridoxine(, and cyanocobalamin (vit B12) |
|
|
Term
| secondary HTN can be related to coarctation of aortave |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shortness of breath and chest pain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| shouldnt eat green leafy veggies |
|
|
Term
| S & S OF compartment syndrome |
|
Definition
| pallor, pain, poikilothermia, paresthesia, pulselessness, paralyysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| thrombocytopenia should use |
|
Definition
| electric razors and soft bristle brushes |
|
|
Term
| the client with neutropenias first sign of infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the client has neutropenia with infection what should do first |
|
Definition
| obtain a culture to identify infectious agents correctly is priority |
|
|
Term
| drugs that reduce the afterload |
|
Definition
ACE Inhibitors- relax vassoconstriction - reduce afterload and b/p
ARB Inhibitors
Human B Naturetic Peptides - dialate the tissues |
|
|
Term
| side effects of ACE ihibitors |
|
Definition
| orthostatic hypotension and dry hacking courgh |
|
|
Term
| amount of bllood coming into the heart |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what interventions are for reducing preload |
|
Definition
low salt less than 5 g
fluid restrict
diuretics
nitrates |
|
|
Term
| hypokalemia does what tto dig |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when do you contact dr for heart problems |
|
Definition
weight gain - 1 to 2 lbs overnight
reduced exercise tolerance
cough from CHF especially at night
incrreased edema |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| arteriosclerosis composed of fat and platelets, calcification hemorrhage ulceration partially or completely occluded blood flow |
|
|
Term
| occlusion or rupture of arteriosclerosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a vibrating pulse that you feel that reflects narrowing of arteries |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| total cholesterol should beq |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| total LDL bad cholesterol |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| breathing disorder that is over expansion of alveoli - cant push out all the air |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Secondary Administration Intermittent infusion sets should be changed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
maintains the action potential in cardiac tissues
maintains glucose storage
protein synthesis |
|
|
Term
| Non potassium wasting dieuretic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do corticosteroids effect elecrrolytes |
|
Definition
| sodium retention and potassium excretion |
|
|
Term
| how does the buffers work in ph |
|
Definition
chemical instant
reespiratoryy within minutes
kidnes within 24 hours |
|
|
Term
| causes of metabolic acidosis |
|
Definition
renal impairment - reductioned production of bicard ions
liver failure
diarrhea overelimation of HCO3 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
impaired gas function
CO2 rention
cerebral edema
brain tumors strokes overhydration
inadequate chest expansion
morbid obesity |
|
|
Term
| treatment for metabolic acidosis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Drug therapy for patent airway |
|
Definition
bronchodialaters relax small muscles increase
proventil albupent theodur |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| movement of a substance across a cell membrane against a concentration gradient |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hyypernatremia biggest risk |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hypercalcemia biggest risks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| disequilibrium graded difference for hydrostatic pressure |
|
|
Term
| example of hydrostatic filtering force |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| free movement of particles solute across a permeable membrane from an area of increaased conncentration to an area of lower concentration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| movement of water only thru a slectively permeable membrane |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
greater tthan 300 mOm
pulls water from the isotonic fluuid space |
|
|
Term
| Hyperosmotic IV solutions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dehydraton is a condition of |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hormone secreted by adrenal cortex whenever sodium level in ECF is decreased and it prevents sodium and water loss |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does Aldosterone work |
|
Definition
| acts on kidneys nephrons triggers reabsorption of sodium and water from urine back into blood. It increases osmolarity and blood volume |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| acts on kidney tubules and collecting ducts by making them more permebable to water. more water reabsorbed and returned to blood. it decreases blood osmolarity by diluting it. |
|
|
Term
| what are natriuuetic peptides |
|
Definition
| hormones special cells in atrina lining activated by increased blood volume and blood pressure which stretch heart tissue. it binds to sites in nephron = kidney reabsorption sodium inhibited glomerular filtration increased more urine output, reduced circulating blood volume rreduced blood osmolarity |
|
|
Term
| what is isotonic dehydration |
|
Definition
| water and electrolyte loss most common dehyration |
|
|
Term
| what does Gordon's functional heaalth patterns assess |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increased heart rate, reduce pulse pressure, reduced systolic pressure, orthostatic hypotension, confusion, low grade temp, q |
|
|
Term
| Dehydration most important to monitor |
|
Definition
| Pulse rate and quality and Urine Output |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
bounding pulse
increased neck vein distention
crackles in lungs
increased peripheral edema
decreased urine output |
|
|
Term
| fluid overload precautions |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| whether water is retained, excreted or moved from one fluid space to another |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| decreased sodium effects what hormones and how |
|
Definition
| inhibit ADH and NP secretion and trigger aldostrone secretion. increases sodium and ehancing kidney loss of H20 |
|
|
Term
| efffectss of hyponatremia |
|
Definition
| causes reduced excitable depolarization and cellular swelling, |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prolonged use and overuse of diuretics, loss of total body sodium, dilution of sodium from excessive water in plasma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hypovolemkia reduced b/p
bounding puse |
|
|
Term
| solution for Hypernatremia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hyperkalemia interventions |
|
Definition
monitor heaart
Risk for Falls |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
elevated hr and b/p
cyanosis
pallor
rreduced QT interval
bloodclots in lower legs and pelvic
weakness
reduced deep tendon reflexes
reduced peristalisis
constipation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
acute pain
deficient know
anxiety |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
eat small meeals
no spicy
no caffeine
stop eat 3 hrs before bed
raise HOB |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Acute pain
imbal nutrition
deficient knowledge
risk for injury
S & S belching bloated epi pain |
|
|
Term
| oliguria has what type of labs |
|
Definition
| elevated BUN and creatinine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hyper deep tendon reflexes, numbness, tingling, painful muscle contractions, positive chovsteks and trousseaus, |
|
|
Term
| HCTZ holds on to what electrolyte |
|
Definition
| calcium but gets rid of Sodium and Potassium |
|
|
Term
| what can cause hypercalcemia >10.5 |
|
Definition
hyypercalcemia
corticosteroiid, lithium |
|
|
Term
| diuretic that increassses water excretion but keeps sodium |
|
Definition
| osmotic diuretics such as mannitol Osmitrol, conivaptan Vaprisolq |
|
|
Term
| causes of metabolic acidosis |
|
Definition
ketoacidosis
exercising
fever
hypoxia
excessive drinking
excessive aspirin
renal failure |
|
|
