Term
Heparin/Warfarin
H - prevents thrombin from converting fibronogen to fibrin
W - suppress coagulation - antagonist of Vit. K |
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Definition
Anticoagulants: indications = pulmonary embolism, thrombosis, myocardial infarction. Adverse = bleeding
nursing considerations: H - dont rub inj. site, ANTIDOTE: protamine sulfate
W - onset 4-5 days, reduce vit. K, ANTIDOTE: Vit. K (Aquamephyton |
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Term
Streptokinase, Urokinase
activates plasminogen to generate plasmin (enzyme that dissolves clots)
use early in couse of MI (4-6 hours) |
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Definition
Thrombolytic
nursing considerations: monitor bleeding, ANTIDOTE: aminocarpic acid |
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Term
Aspirin, dipyridamole (persantin), clopidoigrel (plavix), ticlipidine
Inhibit aggregation of platelet which prolongs bleed time
use in long term complication following MI |
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Definition
Antiplatelets:
nursing considerations: montiro bleeding time, take with food |
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Term
| Digoxin (lanoxin), digitoxin (Crystodigen) - decreases calcium, use for CHF, tachy, and A. Fib. |
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Definition
Cardiac Glycosides:
pulse needs to be 60 or above, monitor for halo vision, brady, confusion, nausea, vomit, cation in pt. with hypothyroidism and hypokalemia ANTIDOTE: digi-bind |
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Term
NITRATES: isosorbide dinitrate (isordil), nitroglycerine (deponit, nitrostat)
produces vasodilatation including coronary artery |
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Definition
| nursing considerations: transdermal patch (hairless, move site) sublingual: check BP, repeat tablet 5 min. for three doses until pain relief, do not swallow, |
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Term
Anti-arrythmic drug Class I - Na channel blocker
IA - quinidine, procainamide
IB - lidocaine
IC - flecainamide |
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Definition
| watch for CHF, report wt. gain, watch for signs of lidocaine toxicity (confusion, restlessness) |
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Term
Anti-Arrythmic drugs: class II beta blockers
propanolol, esmolol |
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Definition
| watch for CHF, report wt. gain |
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Term
Anti-arrhythmic drugs: class III block K channels
amiodarone, bretylium |
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Definition
| watch for CHF, report wt. gain |
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Term
anti-arrhythmic drugs: class IV block Ca channels
verapramil, diltiazem |
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Definition
| watch for CHF, report wt. gain |
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Term
Antilipemics: cholesterol lowering = cholestyramine, colestipol, lovastatin
triglyceride lowering = gemfibrozil, clofibrate |
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Definition
interfere with colesterol, lipoprotein and triglyceride synthesis
nc's - monitor liver function, prevent constipation, encourage increase fluid and fiber intake |
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Term
Anti-hypertensive Calcium Channel blocker:
nifedipine (calcibloc, adalat), amlodipine (norvasc), felodipine (plendil), Verapramil (Isoptin)
decrease cardiac contractility and workload of heart thus decreasing need for O2, promotes vasodilation of coronary and peripheral vessels |
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Definition
| nc's adminsiter between meals to enhance absorption, take pulse if below 60 hold, refer for signs of CHF |
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