Term
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Definition
TC: Antidiabetic
PC: Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitor (miglitol, Glyset)
MOA: Inhibits the digestion of complex carbohydrates in meals by blocking the action of alpha glucosidase
CC: Carbohydrates
Notes: Add on therapy/ No effect on insulin secretion or sensitivity. Taken with first bite of the meal. GI adverse effects |
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Term
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Definition
TC: Antidiabetic Agent
PC: Incretin Mimetic (exematode, Byetta)/ GLP-1 receptor agonist
MOA: Works by stimulation of insulin production, inhibit release of glucagon, slow absorption rate of nutrients
CC: Peptide/protein |
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Term
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Definition
TC: Antidiabetic Agent
PC: DPP-IV inhibitor (sitagliptin,Januvia)
MOA: Blocks the metabolism of GLP-1 and prolonging action
CC: triazolopyrazine |
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Term
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Definition
TC: Antidiabetic Agent (glipizide,Glucotrol)
PC: Secretagogues/ ATP sensitive potassium channel blockers
CC: Sulfonylureas 2nd generation
Note: Hypoglycemia |
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Term
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Definition
TC: Antidiabetic Agent (glyburide,Micronase/Diabeta)
PC: Secretagogues/ ATP sensitive potassium channel blockers
CC: Sulfonylureas 2nd generation
Note: Hypoglycemia more frequent with this drug due to longer duration of action |
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Term
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Definition
TC: Antidiabetic Agent (repaglinide,Prandin)
PC: Meglitinides / ATP sensitive potassium channel blockers
CC: amino acid (PHE) derivatives
Note: Short acting secretagoges - require dosing 15-20 min before each meal |
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Term
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Definition
Humalog
Rapid Acting Insulin
Contains reversal of 2 amino acids from native human insulin
Lys and Pro |
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Term
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Definition
Novolog
Rapid Acting Insulin
Single amino acid Substitution
Pro --> ASP |
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Term
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Definition
Lantus
Long Acting Insulin
Change in ASN --> GLY
Two Arg residues added to C terminal of B chain |
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Term
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Definition
TC: Antidiabetic Agent (metformin,Glucophage)
PC: Biguanides / Insulin Sensitizer
MOA: AMP-activated protein kinase activator. Increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissues and inhibit glucose production
Notes: Large doses needed due to poor absorption
May decrease the risk of pancreatic cancer in DM patients
LOwered B12 absorption levels
Contraindicated in Renal disease
BBW: Lactic Acidosis |
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Term
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Definition
TC: Antidiabetic Agent (pioglitazone,Actos)
PC: PPAR-gamma agonists
CC: TZDs
Note: Takes several weeks to see full therapeutic effect. BBW for use in HF (due to increase in fluid). Contraindicated in heart failure |
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Term
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Definition
TC: Anti-addisonian agent (hydrocortisone,Cortef)
PC: Glucocorticoid receptor agonist |
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Term
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Definition
TC: Anti-addisonian agent (fludrocortisone, Florinef)
PC: Aldosterone recetpor and glcocorticoid receptor agonist
CC: Corticosteroid (mineralcorticoid) |
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Term
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Definition
TC: Anti-Cushings agent (also anti-cancer)(aminoglutethimide,Cytadren)
PC: CYP45011A1 inhibitor (blocks the mediated conversion of cholesterol to pregnenolone decreasing corticosteroid synthesis)
CC: 2,6-piperidinedione |
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Term
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Definition
TC: Anti-hyporthyroidism agen (levothyroxine,synthroid)
PC: Thyroid receptor agonist
CC: iodinated amino acid -tyrosine analog
Note: Titration is common , Early am dosing recommended, DDis with food and drugs |
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Term
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Definition
TC: Anti-hyperthyroidism agent (polythiouracil,PTU)
PC: Thyroperoxidase inhibitor
CC: thioamide (thiureylene)
MOA: Blocks peripheral conversion of T4--> T3 |
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Term
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Definition
TC: Anti-hypoparathyroidism Bone Building agent and antirachitic (ergocalciferol, Drisdol)
PC: Vitamin D receptor agonist
CC: steroid |
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Term
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Definition
TC: Anti-hyperparathyroidism (cinalcet,Sensipar)
PC: Calcium sensing receptor activator (CaSR)increase sensitivity to calcium
CC: Phenylalkylamine |
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Term
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Definition
TC: Anti-hyperparathyroidism (Zemplar)
PC: Vitamin D receptor agonist
CC: Steroid |
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