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Definition
| Absence of, without- Wasting away or reduction in muscle size due to lack of use, often resulting from prolonged immobility, nerve damage, or muscle disease |
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Definition
| Away from- Movement of a limb away from the midline of the body, such as raising the arm or leg to the side, common in physical therapy and exercise routines. |
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Definition
| Toward- Movement of a limb toward the midline of the body, such as bringing the arm or leg back to its resting position after abduction. |
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Definition
| Slow- Slowness of movement, often a symptom of neurological disorders like Parkinson’s disease, affecting motor function and coordination. |
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Definition
| Painful, difficult, abnormal, labored - A condition characterized by abnormal muscle tone or involuntary muscle contractions, which can lead to repetitive movements, abnormal postures, and impaired function. |
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Definition
| Above, excessive- Excessive muscle tone, resulting in stiffness or rigidity, commonly seen in conditions like cerebral palsy or stroke. |
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Definition
| Between- A fibrocartilaginous structure located between the vertebrae of the spine, providing cushioning and flexibility |
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Definition
| Within, in- An injection administered directly into a muscle, commonly used for vaccines or medication delivery. |
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Definition
| Many, much- A congenital condition characterized by having more than the normal number of fingers or toes, which may require surgical correction for functional or cosmetic reasons. |
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Definition
| Below, under- A muscle located below the scapula (shoulder blade), playing a key role in shoulder rotation and stabilization. |
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Definition
| Above- Refers to the area above the patella (kneecap), commonly associated with the suprapatellar bursa, which reduces friction and allows smooth movement of the quadriceps tendon over the femur. |
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Definition
| Together, joined- A cartilaginous joint where the two pubic bones meet in the pelvis, allowing slight movement for childbirth and pelvic flexibility |
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Definition
| Together, joined- A type of immovable joint where bones are joined together, such as in the skull, providing stability and protection to vital organs |
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Definition
| Pertaining to -Pertaining to the femur, the largest bone in the body, located in the thigh |
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Definition
| Pain- Pain in a muscle, often caused by overuse, injury, or systemic conditions like fibromyalgia. |
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Definition
| pertaining to- Pertaining to the kneecap (patella), a small bone that protects the knee joint and assists in movement |
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Definition
| weakness- Muscle weakness, commonly associated with conditions like myasthenia gravis, an autoimmune disorder affecting neuromuscular function. |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical puncture to aspirate fluid- Surgical puncture of a joint to remove fluid for diagnostic or therapeutic purposes, often used to relieve swelling or analyze joint conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| Break- Surgical breaking of bone tissue to correct deformities or aid in the healing process in severe cases. |
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Term
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Definition
| Break- A specialized bone cell that breaks down bone tissue during bone remodeling and repair |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical fixation, fusion- Surgical fusion of a joint to provide stability and reduce pain, often used for severe arthritis |
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Definition
| excision, surgical removal, cutting out- Surgical removal of part of a tendon, often performed to treat chronic tendon inflammation or injury |
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Definition
| the record, raidographic image- A record of muscle contraction activity, often used to diagnose neuromuscular disorders |
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Term
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Definition
| process of recording, radiographic imaging- Imaging of a joint using contrast dye to assess joint structures such as cartilage, ligaments, and bones. |
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Definition
| pertaining to- Pertaining to the thorax (chest), which houses the lungs, heart, and other vital structures |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation- Inflammation of muscle tissue, which can be caused by infections, autoimmune disorders, or trauma |
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Definition
| Loosening, separating, dissolution- Destruction or dissolution of bone tissue, often seen in conditions like bone metastasis or infection |
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Definition
| Softening- Softening of cartilage, particularly in the knee, leading to pain and difficulty with movement |
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Definition
| resembling- Resembling bone marrow, often used to describe cells or tissues related to hematopoiesis. |
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Term
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Definition
| tumor- benign tumor of muscle tissue, typically found in the heart or skeletal muscles |
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Term
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Definition
| Abnormal condition- Abnormal curvature of the spine, which can cause back pain, reduced mobility, and postural issues |
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Definition
| abnormal reduction- Loss of muscle mass and strength, often associated with aging, inactivity, or poor nutrition |
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Definition
| growth- The growth end of a long bone, critical during childhood and adolescence for bone elongation |
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Definition
| Surgical repair- Surgical repair or reconstruction of damaged or weakened muscle tissue. |
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Definition
| suturing, repairing- Suturing of a torn or severed tendon to restore function and stability |
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Definition
| malignant tumor- malignant bone tumor commonly affecting children and young adults, requiring surgical and medical treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| process of viewing, visual examination- Visual examination of a joint using a specialized instrument to diagnose and treat joint conditions |
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Definition
Incision, cut into- Surgical incision into a muscle, often performed to relieve tightness or treat muscle disorders |
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Definition
| nourishment, development- Excessive development of tissue or an organ, commonly referring to increased muscle size due to exercise or compensatory growth |
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Definition
| Stiff, bent - Abnormal stiffening and immobility of a joint due to fusion of the bones, often caused by injury or disease. |
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Definition
| Joint– Inflammation of a joint, often resulting in pain, swelling, and stiffness, which can be caused by aging, autoimmune disorders, or injury. |
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Definition
| Carpals, wrist- Surgical removal of a carpal bone, typically performed to relieve pain or improve wrist function |
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Definition
| Cartilage – Softening of Cartilage, Commonly affecting the knee and leading to pain and swelling during the movement |
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Definition
| Clavicle, collarbone- Excision of the clavicle usually perform to treat severe fractures or chronic pain |
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Definition
| Rib - inflammation of the Cartilage that connects a rib to the sternum, causing localized chest pain that can Mimic heart-related conditions |
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Definition
| cranium- surgical incision into the cranium to access the brain for procedures, such as tumor removal or trauma management |
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Definition
| electricity; Electrical activity- A diagnostic test that records, the electrical activity of the muscles to detect neuromuscular disorders |
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Term
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Definition
| fascia- A surgical incision into fascia to relieve tension or pressure, often used to treat compartment syndrome |
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Term
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Definition
| Fibrous connective tissue- A condition characterized by widespread pain in fibrous tissues and muscles, often accompanied by fatigue and sleep disturbances. |
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Term
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Definition
| movement, motion-The study of motion, and how the body‘s muscles, bones, and joints work together to produce motion |
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Term
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Definition
| increased convexity of the spine- Excessive outward curvature of the spine, leading to hunched posture, commonly seen in older adults |
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Term
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Definition
| lamina (thin, flat plate or layer)- Surgical removal of a portion of vertebral lamina to relieve pressure on the spinal cord or nerves |
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Term
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Definition
| smooth (visceral) Muscle that lines the walls of the internal organs- a benign tumor of smooth muscle, often found in the uterus where it is commonly referred to as fibroid |
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Definition
| bent forward, increased concavity of the spine- excessive inward curvature of the spine, commonly affecting a lower back and sometimes leading to pain |
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Term
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Definition
| loin, lumbar region of the spine- pain in the lumbar region, often caused by muscle strain, injury, or degenerative conditions |
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Term
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Definition
| mandible, lower Jaw bone- pertaining to the mandible, the largest and strongest bone of the face that holds the lower teeth |
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Term
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Definition
| maxilla, upper jaw bone- pertaining to the maxilla and face, often referring to surgeries or treatment involving the upper jaw and facial structures |
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Term
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Definition
| meniscus, crescent- surgical removal of a meniscus, typically done to repair the damage from injury or degeneration in the knee joint |
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Term
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Definition
| muscle- any disease of the muscle, often resulting in weakness, pain, or dysfunction, such as muscular dystrophy or inflammatory myopathies |
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Definition
| marrow (bone), spinal cord- inflammation of the spinal cord or bone marrow, which can cause neurological symptoms, weakness, or immune system dysfunction |
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Term
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Definition
| bone- A conditioning characterized by a disease in the bone density, leading to brittle bones and an increased risk of fractures, especially in the hip hips, spine, and wrists |
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Term
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Definition
| patella, kneecap- pertaining to the kneecap, the small bone that protects the knee joint and facilitate leg extension |
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Term
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Definition
| pelvis, pelvic bone- measurements of the dimensions of the pelvis, often use in obstetrics to access the feasibility of the vaginal childbirth |
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Term
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Definition
| pelvis, pelvic bone- surgical removal of parts or all of the pelvis, typically performed to treat advanced cancers or severe trauma |
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Term
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Definition
| stone- resembling stone or pertaining to the petrous part of the temporal bone, which houses the inner ear structures |
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Term
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Definition
| bones of the fingers and toes- pertaining to the bones of the fingers or toes, essential for dexterity and movement |
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Term
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Definition
| sole of the foot- inflammation of the fascia on the sole of the foot, causing heel pain and discomfort, often due to overuse or improper footwear |
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Term
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Definition
| pubis- pertaining to the pubis and femur, such as the pubofemoral ligament, which supports the hip joint |
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Term
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Definition
| Vertebral, spine, vertebral column- Pain in the vertical column, often caused by conditions like arthritis, herniated discs, or muscular strain |
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Term
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Definition
| Rod-shaped, striated- A condition involving the breakdown of striated muscle fibers, leading to the release of muscle contents into the bloodstream, potentially causing kidney damage |
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Term
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Definition
| flesh, connective tissue- A malignant tumor of connective tissue, such as bone, muscle, or fat, often requiring surgical and medical treatment |
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Term
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Definition
| crooked, curved- Abnormal lateral curvature of the spine, which can cause back pain, posture issues, and in severe cases, breathing difficulties |
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Term
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Definition
| vertebra, Spine, Vertebral column- inflammation in the vertebrae, often seen in conditions like ankylosis spondylitis, causing stiffness and pain in the spine |
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Term
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Definition
| tarsals, ankle bones- pain in the ankle bones, caused by arthritis, injury, or overuse |
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Term
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Definition
| tendon- inflammation of the tendon and it surrounding synovial sheath, often caused by repetitive movement or injury |
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Term
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Definition
| vertebra, spine, vertebral column- pretending to the vertebra, one of the interlocking bones that make up the spinal column, providing support and protection for the spinal cord |
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Term
| BDT= Bone Density Testing |
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Definition
| A diagnostic test used to measure bone material density (BMD) Determine the strength of the bones. It is commonly used to diagnose conditions like osteoporosis and assess fractured risks. Techniques include dual-energy x-ray Absorptiometry (DEXA). |
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Term
| CTS= Carpal Tunnel Syndrome |
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Definition
| A condition caused by compression of the median nerve as it passes through the carpal tunnel of the wrist. Symptoms include pain, numbness, and tingling in the hand and fingers, often associated with repetitive motions, like typing or assembly work. |
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Term
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Definition
| A diagnostic procedure that measures electrical activity of the muscles and response to nerve stimulation. EMG is used to evaluate muscle weakness, nerve dysfunction, and neuromuscular disorders. |
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Term
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Definition
| a group of genetic disorders that causes progressive muscle weakness and degeneration. Types of muscular dystrophy includes the Duchenne muscular dystrophy(most common) and Becker, muscular dystrophy, among others. |
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Term
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Definition
| a chronic autoimmune disorder that Disrupts communication between nerves and muscles, leading to muscle weakness. Symptoms often include droopy eyelids (ptosis), difficulty swallowing and fatigue with activity. |
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Term
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Definition
| a degenerative joint disease caused by the breakdown of cartilage within the joints. Common symptoms include joint pain, stiffness, and reduce mobility. OA primarily affects, weight-bearing joints, such as a knees, hips, and spine. |
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Term
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Definition
| a condition characterized by a decrease in bone density, making bones weak, brittle, and more prone to fractures. It often affects older adults, especially postmenopausal women, due to reduced levels of estrogen. |
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Term
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Definition
| a therapeutic approach, focused on enabling individuals to perform meaningful daily activities and test despite injury, illness, or disability. OT helps patient regain independence in activities of daily living and adaptive, physical or cognitive limitations. |
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Term
| PKR= Partial Knee Replacement |
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Definition
| a surgical procedure which only the damaged part of the knee joints is replaced with a prosthesis. PKR is an alternative to total knee replacement for patients with localized arthritis in one compartment of the knee. |
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Term
| PMR= Polymyalgia Rheumatica |
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Definition
| an inflammatory disorder that causes muscle pain and stiffness, particularly in the shoulders, neck, and hips. PMR is mostly common in older adults and is often associated with systemic inflammation, such as giant cell arteritis |
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Term
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Definition
| A chronic autoimmune disease that causes inflammation in the joints, leading to pain, swelling, stiffness, and deformities. Unlike osteoarthritis, RA often affect smaller joints and can involve Systemic symptoms like fatigue and fever |
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Term
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Definition
| the extent of movement, a joint or muscle can achieve in various directions. It is often assessed in physical therapy, injury evaluation, or post-surgery rehabilitation to determine joint health or progress of recovery |
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Term
| RSD= Repetitive Stress Disorder |
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Definition
| a condition caused by repetitive motion or overuse of muscles, tendons, or nerves, leading to pain, inflammation, or injury. Common examples include tennis elbow and carpal tunnel syndrome. |
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Term
| THR= Total Hip Replacement |
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Definition
| A surgical procedure in which a damaged hip joint is replaced with an artificial prosthesis. THR is often performed for severe arthritis or hip fractures, restoring function and relieving pain |
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Term
| TKR= Total Knee Replacement |
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Definition
| A surgical procedure in which the entire knee joint is replaced with a prosthesis. TKR is used to treat severe arthritis or joint damage that significantly impacts mobility and quality of life. |
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Term
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Definition
Named after: Achilles, a hero of Greek mythology
The tendon that connects the cab muscle (gastrocnemius and soleus) to the heel bone (Calcaneus). It plays a critical role in walking, running, and jumping. Frequently injured in sports, leading to conditions such as Achilles, tendinitis or ruptures. |
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Term
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Definition
Named after: James Paget, a British surgeon.
A chronic bone disorder, causing abnormal bone remodeling, leading to weekend, enlarged, and deformed bones. It commonly affects the pelvis, skull, spine, and legs. Early diagnosis is essential to prevent fractures and manage symptoms. |
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Term
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Definition
named after: William Morrant Baker, a British surgeon
A fluid dash filled sack located behind the knee, often resulting from joint inflammation or conditions like arthritis. A Baker’s cyst is common in patients with osteoarthritis or knee injuries. It can cause swelling, discomfort, and limited knee movement. |
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Term
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Definition
named after: Wilhelm Heinrich Erb, a German neurologist.
A condition caused by injury to the brachial plexus, often during birth or trauma. It leads to weakness or paralysis of the shoulder or elbow muscles. Early diagnosis and intervention through physical therapy are essential for improving outcomes in affected individuals. |
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