Term
True or False. Language assessment and treatment of children with clefts is the same as with other children |
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Definition
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Term
True or False. Approximately 80% of the cleft population are affected by phonatory disorders |
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Definition
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Term
Which of these is NOT classified in the Veau Cleft and Plate Classification? Cleft of the hard and soft palate to the incisive foramen Cleft of the soft palate only Submucosal cleft Complete unilateral cleft of the hard and soft palate and of the lip and alveolar ridge on one side
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Definition
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Term
What is the quality of voice that is determined by the balance of sound vibration in the oral, nasal, and pharyngeal cavities during speech? -
Hypernasality Resonance Velopharyngeal incompetence Nasal emission
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Definition
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Term
Compare and contrast cleft lip and cleft palate. |
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Definition
Cleft lip is the separation of the two sides of the upper lip, including the bones of the upper jaw and /or upper gums. These did not fuse together during fetal development. Meanwhile, cleft palate is an opening in the palate in which the two sides did not fuse during fetal development. |
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Term
| What is the difference between a communication disorder and a communication difference? |
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Definition
| A comm.. diff. is when there are only difficulties in SAE and not in their native language and a comm.. disorder is diagnosed when client shows difficulties in speech and lang across all their spoken languages which is when therapy is needed. |
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Term
Cheng and Langdon suggested that when working with an interpreter it is a three step process, which step involves discussing sensitive issues and reviewing the purpose of the meeting? a. Interaction b. Interlanguage c. Briefing d. Fossilization |
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Definition
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Term
| True or false: If there is no normative data published about a child's native language we should refer the client to a clinican who is from the child's culture |
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Definition
| false – we should seek help from other professionals, interpreters, teachers, or family members. |
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Term
What are the three preassessment steps clinicians should take before assessing a client who is culturally or linguistically diverse? |
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Definition
a. Understand the client's culture b. Learn about normal communication development associated with the culture c. Find out the client's personal history |
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Term
When doing an assessment with a culturally diverse client what is the desired alternative to standardized testing? |
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Definition
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Term
What does AAC stand for?
a. Augmentative and Acoustic Communication
b. Augmentative and Alternative Communication
c. Acoustic and Altering Communication
d. none of the above
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Definition
Augmentative and Alternative Communication |
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Term
True or False. AAC can be categorized as an aided or unaided communication system. |
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Definition
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Term
True or False. AAC is only used when there is permanent loss of expressive language. |
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Definition
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Term
The assessment of clients for AAC includes four broad areas:_________________, ___________________, ________________, and__________________ |
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Definition
A) Determining the client's communicative needs
B) Assessing the client's sensory and motor abilities
C) Assessing the client's language and cognitive abilities
D) Predicting the most suitable AAC system |
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Term
| True or False- Apraxia of speech is a motor disorder that impairs voluntary motor movements due to muscle weakness or paralysis. |
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Definition
| False (Apraxia of speech is a motor disorder that impairs voluntary motor movements in the absence of muscle weakness or paralysis.) |
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Term
2. When diagnosing apraxia of speech, it is important to look for: a. Receptive-Expressive Gap (receptive skills are higher)b. Inconsistency of responsesc. Loss of vegetative function d. Both A & B |
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Definition
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Term
| _____________ apraxia does not have a known etiology. However, __________ apraxia does have a known cause. |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False. Apraxia is immediately apparent when a patient comes in for an evaluation. |
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Definition
False (Apraxia is not immediately apparent when a patient comes in for an evaluation.) |
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Term
Name two differences between apraxia and dysarthria |
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Definition
1. A patient with dysarthia has muscle weakness, while a patient with apraxia has is no muscle weakness.
2. A patient with dysarthia usually shows consistent errors, while a patient with apraxia has more errors that are inconsistent. |
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Term
Compare and contrast Autism and Asperger's syndrome |
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Definition
Similarities: They both exhibit impairments in social interaction, and have repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, and activities Differences: Autistic individuals have an impairment in communication, whereas individuals with Aspergers have normal communication/language. |
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Term
| True or False: An Authentic Assessment Approach is the best approach for evaluating speech and language of clients with ASD. |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is not true of children with ASD? a. They typically exhibit lack of eye contactb. They typically learn concrete words more quickly than abstract wordsc. They always have articulation disordersd. They sometimes exhibit exaggerated articulation |
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Definition
They always have articulation disorders |
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Term
True or False. Autism Spectrum Disorders are usually detected by the age of 3 years, and in some cases as early as 18 months.
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Definition
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Term
True or False. Individuals with ASD often repeat or echo words, a process known as echolalia.
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Definition
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Term
| True or False. Hypernasality is an excessive amount of nasal resonance during the production of vowels and vocalic elements. |
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Definition
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Term
True or False. Hyponasality is when there is not enough sound resonating in the nasal cavity during speech. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
The quality of the voice that results from the sound vibration in the pharynx, nasal cavity, and oral cavity. |
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Term
Name three symptoms of resonance disorders? |
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Definition
Hypernasality Hyponasality Nasal Emission |
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Term
What is the Templin Darley examination used for? |
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Definition
It is used to obtain a detailed description and evaluation of a client’s articulation. |
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Term
What are some causes of dysphagia? a. Vocal fold paralysisb. Conditions of the upper aerodigestive tractc. Cleft palate and/or lipd. All of the above |
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Definition
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Term
What is dysphagia? a. A disorder in which one has difficulty in speaking.b. A disorder in which one has difficulty processing language. c. A disorder in which one has difficulty swallowing d. A disorder in which one has difficulty recalling language. |
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Definition
A disorder in which one has difficulty swallowing |
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Term
True or False. Liquids are the most difficult food consistency to manipulate |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is not part of the bedside evaluation? a. Trial swallowsb. Case historyc. Oral-mech examd. Imaging procedures |
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Definition
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Term
List two widely used approaches for viewing swallowing functions? |
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Definition
| Modified Barium Swallow (MBS) and Fiber-Endoscopic Examination of Swallowing (FEES) |
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Term
Compare and contrast electronic speech and esophageal speech. |
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Definition
| Electronic speech uses a mechanical vibrator to produce an external sound source from a Handheld or Intraoral and esophageal speech uses air from nose and mouth is inhaled into the esophagus and then expelled. When vibration of the pharyngoesophageal segment* is obtained, the client tries to articulate normally |
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Term
True or False. Two bands of muscles in the pharynx are called vocal cords. |
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Definition
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Term
Where is the larynx located? a. below the trachea behind the esophagus b. above the trachea and in front of the esophagus. c. above the trachea and behind the esophagus d. below the trachea and in front of the esophagus |
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Definition
above the trachea and in front of the esophagus. |
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Term
Mention the current three alaryngel speech possibilities and state which one helps the laryngectomee the most. |
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Definition
Electromechanical devices, Esopharyngeal speech, and Thracheoesophageal speech. There is no preferred alaryngeal speech possibility. Whichever speech modality is used, it should be one that is completely functional and one that is a best match between the person, the device, and/or the technique. |
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Term
Which alaryngeal speech possibility is appropriate for most laryngectomees and why. |
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Definition
Electromechanical devices are favored as the best option after surgery because they do not interfere with post-surgical healing. They are appropriate for almost all laryngectomees and the overall quality of speech is generally intelligible. Also, they are relatively inexpensive to purchase and maintain. |
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Term
True or False - A adequate test was normed on a large homogeneous sample. |
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Definition
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Term
The foundation of any test is:
A. The Test Manual B. The Confidence Interval C. Validity D. Reliability |
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Definition
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Term
All Assessment tests must include all three types of validity |
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Definition
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Term
If a test is administered several times to the same group they should have similar scores to be considered
A. Valid B. Reliable C. Standard D. User Friendly |
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Definition
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Term
List at least 2 reasons we use norm referenced tests |
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Definition
EligibilityDismissalCompare to the norm etc |
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Term
True or False. The mode is the most frequently used measure of central tendency on formal tests. |
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Definition
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Term
Describe the types of scores that are reported on standardized tests. |
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Definition
Percentile rank – reflects the percentage of subjects or scores that fall at or below a particular raw score. Raw Score – the total number of correct responses that a client gives on the test items. On some tests the raw score is not the total number correct but some other number such as the total number incorrect. Standard Score –used to compare results to the norm. These scores estimate whether a score is above average, average, or below average. Standard scores are calculated by transforming the raw score into sets of scores that are equally distributed along the normal curve. |
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Term
Which of the following is NOT represented along the normal curve? a. Percentile Rank b. T-score c. Age-Equivalent Score |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False. For all tests we can assume that there will always be a difference between the observed score and the true score. |
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Definition
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Term
True/False. Researchers use sensitivity and specificity to characterize ability of an instrument to “fail” people with disorders and “pass” people without disorders |
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Definition
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Term
| True or False. IDEA requires a standardized test to be used in assessment |
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Definition
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Term
| Name three reasons why tests distort what they are designed to examine |
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Definition
SettingOrder of questionsAdministration of the test |
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Term
Define Statistical Regression |
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Definition
The tendency of extreme scores on a measure to regress toward the mean when the measure is re-administered to the same group of people |
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Term
Should you use a standardized test to define treatment objectives |
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Definition
No because it only assesses 2-3 instances of an area. For ex: (plural -s) |
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Term
Name three items you find listed in manual details |
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Definition
Rationale behind the testPsychometric development of the testQualification of the test administrator |
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Term
Which one of the following is the most evident sign of the intermediate stutterer?
a. Tense prolongations
b. Monosyllabic whole-word repetitions
c. Tense part-word repetitions
d. Blocks |
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Definition
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Term
True/False.
Four major characteristics of the intermediate stutterer are Fear, Avoidance, Struggle, and Shame. |
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Definition
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Term
| The ___________ attitude helps reduce negative emotions.This attitude helps the child confront his fears; understand that stuttering is not his fault, and that just because he stutters doesn’t mean he is not smart. |
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Definition
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Term
| List two major characteristics that distinguish a beginning stutterer with an intermediate stutterer: |
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Definition
1) an intermediate stutterer is starting to fear stuttering, whereas beginning stutterers are usually only frustrated, surprised, or annoyed by it;
2) the intermediate stutterer reacts to his fear of stuttering by appearing to avoid it, something beginning stutterers don’t do with any regularity. |
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Term
True/False.
A realistic fluency goal for many intermediate stutterers is:acceptable stuttering; that is, fluency mixed with mild or very mild stuttering. |
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Definition
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Term
Explain a “stuttering friendly” environment. |
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Definition
It is an environment in that increases the child’s comfort using the techniques learned in treatment. |
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Term
True/False.
According to Carl Dell, an intermediate stutterer should be dismissed from therapy once they are completely fluent and are able to transfer their fluency to their natural environment. |
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Definition
FALSE- Dismissal occurs when the stutterer is confident that they can control their remaining stuttering and before they are completely fluent |
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Term
List 2 ways a classroom teacher can help an intermediate stutterer in the classroom setting: |
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Definition
Oral Participation- The teacher and child can get together and discuss ways in which the child can participate in the most comfortable manner. For example, the child might like to get called upon first to prevent the build up of anxiety.
Teasing- The teacher is responsible for dealing with teasing in the classroom. They should eliminate the teasing and educate the students. |
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Term
Carl Dell’s direct treatment of an intermediate stutterer begins by teaching the child three ways of saying words. What are the three ways? |
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Definition
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Regular (fluent)
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Hard stuttering (typical stutter)
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Easy stuttering (Effortless prolongations or repetitions)
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Term
Bruce Ryan’s treatment of an intermediate stutterer using delayed auditory feedback follows three phases. Which one is NOT one of the phases?
a. Exploration
b. Maintenance
c. Establishment
d. Transfer
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Definition
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Term
True/False.
During the home hierarchy of Ryan’s transfer phase, the child begins with either parent carrying out the transfer procedures, whether or not they attended the previous therapy sessions. |
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Definition
FALSE- The home hierarchy starts with the parent that practiced the transfer procedure in the therapy room with the SLP. |
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Term
June Campbell and Hugo Gregory teach the intermediate stutterer to use a fluency-enhancing skill they describe as an, “easy, relaxed approach with smooth movements” (ERA-SM) which involve a slower rate of speech and smooth transitions from sound to sound and word to word. These changes occur in:
a. Beginning of words, phrases, and entire sentences
b. Beginning of words
c. Beginning of words and phrases
d. None of the Above |
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Definition
c. Beginning of words and phrases
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