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MCAT - Physics
MCAT - Physics
10
Physics
Undergraduate 2
01/03/2009

Additional Physics Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Equations of linear motion

 

Total horizontal distance traveled by a projectile=

Definition

v=vo+at

(xf-xo)=vot+1/2at2

[image]v2=vo2+2a(xf-xo)

 

x=voxt

Term

Torque=

 

ac=

Fc=

 

For a planet orbiting the star, the Fc=

Definition

Torque=rFsin(angle)

 

ac=v2/r

Fc=ma=mv2/r

 

For a planet orbiting the star, the Fc= the gravitational force.

Term

As the angle of incline increases, what happens to the normal force?

 

Diameter=

Circumference=

Definition

As the angle of incline increases, the normal force decreases.

 

Diameter=2[image]r

Circumference=d[image]

Term

Work=

 

When w=0 for a nonconservative force, the total mechanical energy=

...but when friction or air resistance is present, mechanical energy...

Definition

Work=Fdcos(angle)

(so if the angle>90, work<0)

 

When w=0 for a nonconservative force, the total mechanical energy=ΔKE+ΔPE

...but when friction or air resistance is present, mechanical energy is NOT conserved.

Term

Efficiency=

 

Momentum=

 

Impulse=

Definition

Efficiency=Wout=weightXdistance

                             Win    effortXdistance

 

Momentum=p=mv

 

Impulse=J=Ft=mv-mvo=Δp

Term

When the net impulse of an external force acting on a system is zero, what happens to the total momentum?

 

Center of mass=

 

When is the center of mass and center of gravity equal?

Definition

When the net impulse of an external force acting on a system is zero, the total momentum is constant. (J=Δp)

 

Center of mass=x=m1x1+m2x2

                                              m1+m2

 

Center of mass and center of gravity are equal as long as gravity is constant.

Term

Identify the following for mass-spring systems and simple pendulum systems

                          Mass-Spring      Simple Pendulum

k (force constant):

T (period):

ω (angular frequency):

f (frequency):

K (kinetic energy):

   Kmax:

U (potential energy):

   Umax:

Max acceleration at:

Definition
                   Mass-Spring    Simple Pendulum
k=                      k                   mg/L
T=                 2Π√(m/k)     2Π√(L/g)
ω=                  √(k/m)           √(g/L)
f=                         1/T or ω/2Π
K=                            1/2mv2  
Kmax=                x=0                 θ=0
U=                    1/2kx2           mgh
Umax=                x=±max      θ=±max
Max a at=          x=±max        θ=±max
Term

How does an electron jump from a lower energy state to a higher energy state (n=1 to n=2)?

 

 Explain the process of fluorescence.

Definition

In order for an electron to jump from a lower energy to a higher energy state, the electron must absorb a photon with exactly the right frequency.

The energy gained must=the energy gap b/w the two energy states.

 

 Fluorescence:

A UV photon is absorbed by an electron causing it to gain energy and jump to a higher energy state.

The electron loses a little bit of energy when transferring from the excited state to a lesser excited state.

While the electron is finally returning to its ground state, it emits a photon w/in the visible light spectrum.

Term

Explain alpha decay.

 

Explain beta decay.

 

 Explain gamma decay.

Definition

Alpha Decay is the decay involving emission of an alpha particle (42He).

AzX -> A-4z-2X' + α

 

Two different types of beta decay:

1.Beta-Minus Decay= emission of an β- particle (an electron)

 AzX -> Az+1X' + β-

2.Beta-Plus Decay= emission of a β+ particle (a positron)

AzX -> Az-1X' + β+

 

Gamm decay is decay that involves the emission of gamma particles which are high-energy photons. **so the daughter nucleus has less energy than the parent nucleus**

Gamma decay does not change the identity of the isotope.

AzX* -> AzX' + γ

 

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