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MCAT Isomers
Organic Chemistry Isomer Definitions
10
Organic Chemistry
Not Applicable
07/09/2011

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Term
Isomer
Definition
Any compounds that have the same molecular formula.
Term
Constitutional Isomer
Definition
Compounds that have the same molecular formula, but whose compounds are connected differently.
Term
Conformational Isomers
Definition
Compounds that have the same molecular formula and the same atomic connectivity, but differ from one another by the rotation about a single sigma bond.
Term
Stereoisomers
Definition

Molecules that have the same molecular formula and connectivity but which differ from one another only in the spacial arrangement of the atom.


Cannot be interconverted by the rotation about a sigma bond.

Term
Enantiomers
Definition
Molecules whose mirror image's are non-superimposable.
Term
Diastereomers
Definition
Stereoisomers that are not enantiomers. Non-superimposable, non-mirror images.
Term
Epimers
Definition
A subclass of diastereomers that differ in their absolute configuration at a single chiral center (only one stereocenter is inverted).
Term
Anomers
Definition
Epimers that form as a result of a ring closure.
Term
Geometric Isomers
Definition
Diastereomers that differ in orientation of substituents around a ring or a double bond.
Term
Meso Compounds
Definition
When there is an internal plane of symmetry in a molecule that contains chiral centers.
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