Term
| Earlier Lists of Scripture |
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Definition
1. Septuagint
2. References in authoritative writings
3. 1 Clement (ca 95)-Ignatius of Loyola (ca 95)
4. Tation, Marcion, The Montanists, The Gnostics (2nd Century)
5. Muratorion List (canon)(ca 200) |
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Term
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Definition
| Tatian's combination of the four gospels |
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Term
| Athanasius' Festal Letter (367 ce) |
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Definition
| Letter where the first list of the current NT canon was found |
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Term
| Five Criteria for "canonocity" |
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Definition
1. Apostolicity (always applied, apostle or associate),
2. Inspired- level of value
3. Catholicity- universal appeal
4. usefullness
5. Orthodoxy- (illogically affirms what you believe) |
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Term
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Definition
Synchronic (studies final form of the Greek NT)
Diachronic (process/development of NT) |
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Term
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Definition
1. literary criticism (Genre Criticism)
2. rhetorical criticism
3. social scientific |
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Term
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Definition
-studies a text for plot, setting, theme (as the literature department would)
-strength-gets you inside the story
-weakness- gospels are more than just a story
-authorship important (narrator and actual author) |
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Term
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Definition
-focuses on the entire gospel as one piece
-determine Greek genre
-biographical of some sort
-flaw: assumption that synoptics represent the same genre |
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Term
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Definition
-looks at authors use of rhetoric (way of saying things, arguing, persuading)
-looks at specific words, phrases, structure of specific section or story
-used Greco/Roman rhetoric handbooks
-flaw: NT literature wasn't formal like G/R rhetoric |
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Term
| Social Scientific Criticism |
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Definition
7 types (helps us understand the people, the "humanness" of the Gospels)
1. Cultural Anthropology (ex. honor and shame)
2. Sociology
3. Psychology
4. Political Science
5. Linguistics
6. Economics
7. Astrology
(provides a social description and explanation) |
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Term
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Definition
Historical Criticism
->Source Criticism
->Form Criticism
->Redaction Criticism
->Textual Criticism
->Canonical Criticism
->Tradition/History Criticism |
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Term
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Definition
(parent to all other diachronic forms)
-facts and circumstances of the Biblical Text
-What does it say? What did it mean when it was said? |
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Term
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Definition
18th/19th century
1st Quest of the Historical Jesus
(determined Mark was the first gospel) |
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Term
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Definition
(looks at individual stories)
-early Christian tradition, how Jesus' teachings might have been used in preaching, teaching, and evangelism |
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Term
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Definition
-like Form Crit. looks at individual stories but also looks at the entire book
-closest to literary critics
-theological agenda of story or book
-2nd Quest for the historical Jesus |
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Term
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Definition
-how the canon came together
-would like to open the canon, own different criteria |
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Term
| Tradition/History Criticism |
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Definition
| -looks at the earliest form of the text and how it was interpreted out of the Bible |
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Term
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Definition
(appealed to the early Christians, used by the apologists, some ideas still present)
1. All of life should be experienced in moderation
2. Everyone has a role& every role is important
3. Everyone has gifts but they come in diff measures
4. Everything was determined ahead of time
5. The world is a good place & your destiny is good for you |
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Term
| 4 cardinal values of Stoicism |
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Definition
1. Courage
2. Justice
3. Moderation
4. Wisdom |
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Term
| Concurrent Religions/Quasi Religions |
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Definition
1. The Mystery Religions
2. Gnosticism
3. Second Temple Judaism
-->Diaspora Judaism
-->Palestinian Judaism
4. Renewal Movements |
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Term
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Definition
-Fertile Crescent/Middle East religions
-saved people from death (all had a savior figure)
-Isis (and Osiris) Cult
-high ethical requirements
-party people/parade and feast people
-not exclusive (you could belong to multiple) |
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Term
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Definition
(comes about after Christianity for Slater)
-various types (goo gobs)
-salvation by knowledge
-some believed predestined to special knowledge
-platonists, Christian, Jewish
-2 gods, 2 worlds
-no original ideas, compilation of things from 1st century culture/religion |
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Term
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Definition
-social phenomenon
-flourished within the broader G/R culture
-foreign occupation vs. belief as Gods chosen
-hatred for Romans
-2 responses
--1. not God's chosen, join Romans
--2. dig deep, find an explanation
2 Models (Diaspora and Palestian)
Underlying quest for Purity |
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Term
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Definition
-outside Palestine, conformed to culture but insisted on a closer to the original Talmud
-population in every major city
-Septuagint comes from this tradition |
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Term
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Definition
-Pharisees-synagogue centered, mostly middle class, resurrection, Messianic, Canon: 5 Books of Moses, Prophets, Oral Torah, Psalms
-Sadducee-Canon: 5 Books of Moses only, Uppper Middle class at worst, blessings in the here and now (no resurrection), Temple centered
-Essenes- "Purity group of the Purity groups," ritual cleansing leads to spiritual cleansing, celibate desert dwellers, ritualistic, messianic(2messiahs), apocalyptic, canon: Law of Moses, Psalms, Dead Sea Scrolls
-Other Sects: "freedom fighters", Apocalyptics, Torah/Wisdom |
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Term
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Definition
| a "back to the Bible" movement, said Pharisees misused scripture and the Saducees weren't ethical |
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Term
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Definition
1.Macabean (Hasmonean) Revolt (167-142 BCE)-result of Syria outlawing Judaism, gained degree of autonomy
2. Jewish War (66-70 CE)-Jews took advantage of Roman civil wars to attempt to regain power, infighting lead to their failure
3. Bar Kochba(sp?) War(132-5 CE)- man that convinced a leading mainstream Rabbi he was the Messiah, led to war, failure to win lead to the end of apocalypticism until after WWII |
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Term
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Definition
1. Dissimilarity-(not a part of the previous or contemporary Judaism or the early church)
2. Coherence
3. Cultural Intelligibility
4. Multiple Attestation (2 or more sources)
(all very subjective) |
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Term
| Graham Stanton's Criteria |
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Definition
1.Embarrassment (teaching that the church ignored but kept)
2. Historical Plausibility
3. Explains the aftermath of Jesus |
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Term
| First Quest for the Historical Jesus |
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Definition
| attempted to use the Gospels to biograph a historical man separate from the Jesus found in scripture, established the first Gospel as Mark b/c it was shortest and the Greek was terrible, 19th century, ended up with a lot of Jesus' that looked like the one doing the research, ended and denounced by Albert Schweitzer's The Quest for the Historical Jesus |
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Term
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Definition
| 1940's Bultmann's students used Redaction Criticism to determine which sayings actually went back to Jesus |
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Term
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Definition
| Ongoing- work hard at getting themselves out of the way, focus on Jesus as a 1st century Jew in the Palestinian/Greco/Roman world, cultural anthropology |
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Term
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Definition
Four types of miracles:Exorcisms, healings, resuscitations, and nature miracles
-Faith triggers miracles, and miracles trigger faith |
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Term
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Definition
-focus on the kingdom/reign of God as both present and future
-apocalypticism (end of an era, reversal of social institutin)
-parables (brief narratives out of everyday life)
-antitheses (you have heard.. but I say)-redefinition of the law |
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Term
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Definition
-no one expected the messiah to die
-tensions between Jesus Movement and the gov. |
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Term
| General Order of the Synoptic Passion Events |
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Definition
1. Triumphal entry into Jerusalem
2. the cleansing of the temple
3. controversies about authority
4. apocalyptic discourse
5. anointing of Jesus
6. Last Supper
7. Garden of Gethsemane
8. arrest and trial
9. release of Barabbas
10. crucifixion and burial |
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