Term
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Definition
| benefits one, other doesn't care (skin) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| host is harmed, organism benefits |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| proteins secreted out of organism --> very specific to organs |
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Term
Neurotoxins
Cytotoxins
entertoxins |
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Definition
nerves
cells
secretion -> GI tract |
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Term
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Definition
LPS Layer (gram -)
designed to have a full body shut down
as organism is destroyed, it releases harmful toxins |
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Term
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Definition
Exo: toxic in minutes
Endo: toxic in high doses |
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Term
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Definition
Exo: specific to a cell type (blood,liver, nerves)
Endo: Systemic: fever, inflammation, whole body shut down |
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Term
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Definition
Exo: small proteins
Endo: LPS of cell wall (gram -) |
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Term
| Heat Denatured at 60 degrees C |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Exo: Can be comverted to toxoid (vaccine)
Endo: cannot be converted to toxoid (no vaccine) |
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Term
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Definition
Exo: yes: stimulates antitoxins Endo: no: doesnt stimulate antitoxins |
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Term
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Definition
Exo: Usually not Endo: Yes-classic sign of full body shut down |
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Term
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Definition
Exo: Secreted from live cell Endo: Released by cell via shredding or during lysis |
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Term
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Definition
Exo: few gram+ and gram- Endo: All gram- bc LPS layer |
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Term
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Definition
| Any chemical used in the treatment, relief, or prophylaxis of a disease. |
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Term
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Definition
| use of drug to PREVENT imminent infection of a person at risk |
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Term
| Antimicrobial Chemotherapy |
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Definition
| The use of chemotherapeutic drugs to CONTROL INFECTION |
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Term
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Definition
| term for any antimicrobial drug, regardless of its origin |
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Term
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Definition
| substances produced by the natural metabolic processes of some m.organisms that can INHIBIT or DESTROY other m.organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| natural drugs that were chemically modified |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs made with chemicals only in a lab |
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Term
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Definition
| targeting certain organisms, effective mainly on gram+ bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| gram+ and gram- bacteria works on a wide variety |
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Term
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Definition
| use of heat to eliminate organisms in solutions |
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Term
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Definition
| kill/destroy all microbial life |
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Term
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Definition
| reduce organism on inanimate objects to safe levels |
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Term
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Definition
| kill/destroy organism on body surface/skin |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| dissolves proteins/muscle |
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Term
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Definition
| death of body cells/cell death |
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Term
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Definition
| dissolves connective tissue |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| destroys white blood cells |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 3 mechanisms organisms use to Avoid the defenses or immune response of host cells |
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Definition
1. Avoid phagocytosis--dont allow to be eatten by using the actin tail to attach to the microorganims 2. get eatten--do this by hiding in the White blood cells 3. change outer appearance--host cell will not be able to recognize or identify organism |
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Term
| 3 ways to "side step", prevent the drug/antibiotic from killing organism |
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Definition
1. Make enzymes to destroy the drug 2. Change membrane receptors making it so the drug cannot attach to the microbe 3. Pumps can be used to pump drug in then right back out |
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Term
| 4 factors to consider when choosing a chemical control method |
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Definition
1. temp and pH 2. the # of microorganisms 3. concentration of agent 4. how the chemical agent works |
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Term
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Definition
Personal contact, food, water ex: salmonella and e.coli |
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Term
Transmission:
Blood and wounds |
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Definition
injection drug use, injuries, surgeries, needle pricks, transfusions
ex: AIDS and hepatitis B |
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Term
| Transmission: sexual transmissions |
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Definition
genital-genital genital-oral genital-anal ex: HIV and herpes |
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Term
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Definition
clostrinium tetani--whole body spasms clostrinium botulism--flaccid paralysis |
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Term
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Definition
staphylococcus aureus--wounds
escherichia coli--diarrhea |
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Term
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Definition
amanita phalloides--GI tract problems
Streptococcus pyogenes--scarlet fever/red rash |
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Term
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Definition
phenol--denatures proteins hydrogen peroxide--cleans wounds chlorine--kills pathogens in water |
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Term
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Definition
pasturization--decreases # of heat sensitive microorganisms autoclaving--destroys endospores, sterilizes ojects(lab glassware) Incineration--oxidizes cell components with flaming |
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Term
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Definition
filteration of liquid--(pore size)used to make beer and wine filteration of air--HEPA filters |
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Term
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Definition
| environment when a microorganism lives and allows for it to replicate or maintain |
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Term
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Definition
actively participating in a pathogens life cycle, serving as a site for multiplication and completing the life cycle ex: mosquito carrying malaria |
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Term
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Definition
an animal that transports an infectious agent, but is not personally affected by it. ex: housefly whose feet have been contaminated with feces |
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