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ch. 2 Matter and Minerals
Discuss Earth's natural resources
14
Science
Undergraduate 3
10/12/2016

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Term
Mineralogy
Definition
The study of minerals
Term
Mineral
Definition
as any naturally occurring inorganic solid that possesses an orderly crystalline structure and a definite chemical composition that allows for some variation
Term
Rock
Definition
is any solid mass of mineral or mineral-like matter that occurs naturally as part of our planet
Term
atomic number
Definition
the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom
Term
element
Definition
a group of the same kind of atoms
Term
periodic table
Definition
elements are organized so that those with similar properties line up in columns
Term
chemical compounds
Definition
most elements join with atoms of other elements to form chemical compounds
Term
octet rule
Definition
atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons until they are surrounded by eight valence electrons
Term
chemical bond
Definition
is a transfer or sharing of electrons that allows each atom to attain a full valence shell of electrons
Term
ions
Definition
positively and negatively charged atoms
Term
ionic bond
Definition
is an attraction of oppositely charged ions to one another, producing an electrically neutral ionic compound
Term
covalent bond
Definition
a chemical bond formed by the sharing of a pair of electrons between atoms
Term
metallic bonds
Definition
negatively charged electrons and the positive ions produces the metallic bonds
Term
Luster
Definition
the appearance or quality of light reflected from the surface of a mineral
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