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Math TAKS Vocabulary
Math TAKS Vocabulary
120
Mathematics
7th Grade
03/17/2011

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Term
acute angle
Definition
An angle measuring more than zero degrees and less than 90 degrees
Term
congruent
Definition
Having the same size and shape
Term
difference
Definition
The amount that remains after one number has been subtracted from another
Term
exponent
Definition
A number that tells how many times the base is multiplied by itself
Term
reciprocal
Definition
The inverse of a fraction; when multiplied by the original fraction, it results in a product that equals one
Term
vertex (vertices - plural)
Definition
The point of intersection for two sides of a plane figure, three sides of a solid figure, or the endpoints of two rays that form an angle.
Term
expression
Definition
A combination of numbers and variables connected by one or more operations signs
Term
polygon
Definition
Three or more line segments in a plane that forms a closed figure. The line segments never cross but meet at their endpoints.
Term
product
Definition
The result of muliplying two or more numbers
Term
hexagon
Definition
A polygon with six sides.
Term
range
Definition
The difference between the least and greatest values in a set of numbers
Term
scalene triangle
Definition
A triangle with sides of different lengths and no two angles are the same
Term
area
Definition
Surface space that is measured in square units
Term
perimeter
Definition
The distance around a figure
Term
circumference
Definition
The distance around a circle (the perimeter of a circle)
Term
straight angle
Definition
An angle that measures 180 degrees
Term
obtuse angle
Definition
An angle measuring more than 90 degrees and less than 180 degrees
Term
complementary angle
Definition
Two angles whose sum equals 90 degrees
Term
diameter
Definition
A line segment that passes through the center of a circle and has its endpoints on the circle
Term
sum
Definition
The total of two or more numbers being added
Term
quotient
Definition
The result of dividing one number by another; the solution to a division problem
Term
dividend
Definition
In a division problem, it's the number being divided
Term
divisor
Definition
In a division problem, the number that an amount is divided by
Term
mean
Definition
The sum of a group of numbers divided by the number of numbers; also known as the average
Term
median
Definition
A value found by ordering a group of data from least to greatest and choosing the middle value of the group.
Term
mode
Definition
In a group of values, the value that occurs most often
Term
pyramid
Definition
A solid figure that has triangles for its sides and a polygon as its base
Term
quadrilateral
Definition
A polygon that has four sides
Term
parallelogram
Definition
a quadrilateral with two pairs of congruent, parallel sides
Term
rectangle
Definition
A parallelogram with four right angles
Term
reflection
Definition
A mirror image of a figure shown over a line of reflection
Term
rate
Definition
A ratio that compares two different types of quantities
Term
equation
Definition
A mathematical sentence that uses an equal sign
Term
scale drawing
Definition
A drawing of an object that is different in size (usually smaller than the original) but keeps the same proportions
Term
trapezoid
Definition
A quadrilateral with one pair of parallel sides
Term
cylinder
Definition
A solid figure with two congruent and parallel circular bases
Term
octagon
Definition
An eight-sided polygon
Term
pentagon
Definition
A polygon with five sides
Term
percent
Definition
The ratio of a number to 100 (per one hundred); the symbol %
Term
similar figures
Definition
Figures that have the same shape but different sizes; their sides are proportional, while their corresponding angles are equal
Term
equilateral triangle
Definition
A triangle that has three equal sides and three equal angles
Term
radius
Definition
A length that is half the diameter of a circle; the distance from the center of the circle to the circle itself
Term
isosceles triangle
Definition
A triangle with two equal sides and two equal angles
Term
right triangle
Definition
A triangle with one right angle
Term
supplementary angles
Definition
Two angles whose sum is 180 degrees
Term
order of operations
Definition
Rules that tell which steps to follow when solving an expression
Term
rhombus
Definition
A parallelogram with all sides equal and congruent
Term
lowest terms
Definition
A fraction with all common factors (other than 1) factored out of the numerator and denominator
Term
square root
Definition
A number that when multiplied by itself results in the original number
Term
prism
Definition
a solid figure that has two congruent, parallel polygons as its bases. Its sides are parallelograms.
Term
ratio
Definition
A comparison of the two values of two numbers
Term
proportion
Definition
An equation stating that two ratios are equal
Term
simplify
Definition
To make a fraction easier to work with by taking out common factors
Term
unit ratio
Definition
A ratio that shows the cost per unit of measure
Term
quadrant
Definition
One of the four regions formed by the intersection of the axes of a coordinate graph
Term
x-axis
Definition
The horizontal number line of a coordinate graph
Term
y-axis
Definition
The vertical number line of a coordinate graph
Term
x-coordinate
Definition
The value on the x-axis used to locate a point on the coordinate graph. It is the first value in an ordered pair.
Term
y-coordinate
Definition
The value on the y-axis used to locate a point on the coordinate graph. It is the second value in an ordered pair.
Term
ordered pair
Definition
Two numbers listed in a specific order; it describes a point on the coordinate graph
Term
acute angle
Definition
An angle measuing more than 0 degrees and less than 90 degrees
Term
congruent
Definition
Having the same size and shape
Term
factor
Definition
Any number multiplied to form a product. A product can be divided by one factor to find the other factor.
Term
equivalent
Definition
Having the same value
Term
inverse
Definition
Reversed position or direction
Term
vertex (vertices - plural)
Definition
The point of intersection for two sides of a plane figure, three sides of a solid figure, or the endpoints of two rays that form an angle.
Term
common denominator
Definition
A number that is a multiple of all denominators in a problem.
Term
polygon
Definition
Three or more line segments in a plane that forms a closed figure. The line segments never cross but meet at their endpoints.
Term
product
Definition
The result of multiplying two or more numbers.
Term
prime number
Definition
A number with only two factors: the number itself and one.
Term
range
Definition
The difference between the least and greatest values in a set of numbers.
Term
scalene triangle
Definition
A triangle with sides of different lengths and no two angles are the same.
Term
area
Definition
Surface space that is measured in square units.
Term
perimeter
Definition
The distance around a figure.
Term
circumference
Definition
The distance around a circle (the perimeter of a circle).
Term
angle
Definition
The figure formed when two rays meet at a common endpoint called a vertex.
Term
common factor
Definition
A number that is a factor of two or more numbers.
Term
complementary angles
Definition
Two angles whose sum equals 90 degrees.
Term
diameter
Definition
A line segment that passes through the center of a circle and has its endpoints on the circle. It describes how wide the circle is.
Term
greatest common factor (GCF)
Definition
The largest single factor for two or more numbers.
Term
hexagon
Definition
A polygon with six sides.
Term
integers
Definition
All whole numbers (both positive and negative) and zero.
Term
mean
Definition
The sum of a group of numbers divided by the number of numbers. Also known as the average.
Term
median
Definition
A value found by ordering a group of data from least to greatest and choosing the middle value of the group.
Term
mode
Definition
In a group of values, the value that occurs most often.
Term
numerator
Definition
The part of a fraction that stands for how many parts of a whole or group are included in the fraction.
Term
quadrilateral
Definition
A polygon that has four sides.
Term
parallelogram
Definition
A quadrilateral with two pairs of congruent, parallel sides.
Term
rectangle
Definition
A parallelogram with four right angles
Term
sample
Definition
Part of the population that is studied to find the characteristics of the whole population.
Term
composite number
Definition
A positive whole number with more than two factors. In other words, a number that is not prime. Zero and one are neither composite nor prime.
Term
denominator
Definition
The part of a fraction that stands for the number of equal parts a whole or group is divided into.
Term
cross product
Definition
In an equation made up of two fractions, the numerator of one fraction times the denominator of the other fraction.
Term
improper fraction
Definition
A fraction with a numerator that is larger than or equal to its denominator.
Term
like fractions
Definition
Two or more fractions that have the same denominator
Term
least common multiple (LCM)
Definition
The smallest multiple that two or more numbers have in common
Term
mixed number
Definition
A value that combines a whole number and a fractional amount
Term
octagon
Definition
An eight-sided polygon
Term
parallel lines
Definition
Lines in the same plane that do not intersect. The symbol //
Term
percent
Definition
The ratio of a number to 100 (per one hundred). The symbol %
Term
prime factorization
Definition
Breaking down a composite number until all of the factors are prime
Term
probability
Definition
The likelihood that an event will occur. The probability that an event will occur is 0, 1, or somewhere between 0 and 1.
Term
radius
Definition
A length that is half the diameter of a circle; the distance from the center of the circle to the circle itself.
Term
right angle
Definition
An angle that measures 90 degrees
Term
right triangle
Definition
A triangle with one right angle
Term
supplementary angles
Definition
Two angles whose sum is 180 degrees
Term
order of operations
Definition
Rules that tell which steps to follow when solving an expression.
Term
inverse operations
Definition
Operations that do the exact opposite of each other; they undo each other (addition and subtraction, for example)
Term
lowest terms
Definition
A fraction with all common factors (other than 1) factored out of the numerator and denominator
Term
pi
Definition
The value that shows the relationship of a circle's circumference to its diameter; it has an approximate value of 3.14
Term
prism
Definition
A solid figure that has two congruent, parallel polygons as its bases. Its sides are parallelograms
Term
ratio
Definition
A comparison of the two values of two numbers
Term
proportion
Definition
An equation stating that two ratios are equal
Term
simplify
Definition
To make a fraction easier to work with by taking out common factors. In an expression, combining variables that have like unknowns.
Term
square unit
Definition
A unit for measuring area
Term
unit ratio
Definition
A ratio that shows the cost per unit of measure
Term
x-axis
Definition
The horizontal number line of a coordinate graph
Term
y-axis
Definition
The vertical number line of a coordinate graph
Term
x-coordinate
Definition
The value on the x-axis used to locate a point on the coordinate graph. It is the first value in an ordered pair.
Term
y-coordinate
Definition
The value on the y-axis used to locate a point on the coordinate graph. It is the second value in an ordered pair.
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