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Math Academic Vocabulary
key math terms
46
Mathematics
5th Grade
04/03/2014

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Cards

Term

 

Algorithm

Definition
A set of rules for solving a problem in a finite number of steps, as for finding the greatest common divisor
Term

 

 

 

Polygon

Definition

a two dimensional figure made up of connected line segments that is closed.

by number of line segments:

triangle 3

quadrilateral 4

pentagon 5

hexagaon 6

heptagon 7

octogon 8

nonegon 9

decagon 10

Term

 

 

Divisibility

Definition
the capacity of being divided.
Term

 

 

Edge

Definition

1.

a line or border at which a surface terminates: Grass grew along the edges of the road. The paper had deckle edges.
2.
a brink or verge: the edge of a cliff; the edge of disaster.
3.
any of the narrow surfaces of a thin, flat object: a book with gilt edges.
4.
a line at which two surfaces of a solid object meet: an edge of a box.
5.
the thin, sharp side of the blade of a cutting instrument or weapon
Term

 

 

Exponents

Definition
 a symbol or number placed above and after another symbol or number to denote the power to which the latter is to be raised: The exponents of the quantities x n , 2 m , y 4 , and 3 5 are, respectively, n, m, 4, and 5.
Term

 

 

 

Exponential Notation

Definition
a way of writing numbers that are too big or too small to be conveniently written in decimal form. Scientific notation has a number of useful properties and is commonly used in calculators and by scientists, mathematicians and engineers.
Term

 

 

Formula

Definition

 

a.
a rule or principle, frequently expressed in algebraic symbols.
b.
such a symbolic expression
 
d = r x t
Term

 

 

Inequality

Definition

A way to show lesser than or greater than or equal to

 

 

x + 5 < 8

 

3 + b > 5

Term

 

Irregular

Definition

without symmetry, even shape, formal arrangement, etc.: an irregular pattern

 

 

Irregular polygons do not have the same size line segments.

Term

 

Justify

Definition
to prove your reasoning is true with evidence
Term

 

Line Graph

Definition
  a diagram of lines made by connected data points which represent successive changes in the value of a variable quantity or quantities
Term

 

Model

Definition
 
a standard or example for imitation or comparison.
 
a representation, generally in miniature, to show the construction or appearance of something.
 
a pattern or mode of structure or formation.
 
a simplified representation of a system or phenomenon, as in the sciences or economics, with any hypotheses required to describe the system or explain the phenomenon, often mathematically.
Term

 

Natural numbers

Definition
any of the numbers 0,1,2,3,4,… that can be used to count the members of a set; the non-negative integers
Term

 

Numerical data

Definition
data which consists of digits as opposed to letters of the alphabet of special characters.
Term

 

Order of operations

Definition
A handy mnemonic for remembering the order of operations is PEMDAS, or "Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally". The sequence in which the various operations in a mathematical expression are to be evaluated
Term

Parallelogram

 

Definition
a quadrilateral having both pairs of opposite sides parallel to each other
Term

 

 

Prism

Definition

 

 a solid having bases or ends that are parallel, congruent polygons and sides that are parallelograms.
Term

 

Rational numbers

Definition
a number that can be expressed exactly by a ratio of two integers.
Term

 

 

Platonic solid

Definition
a regular, convex polyhedron with congruent faces of regular polygons and the same number of faces
Term

 

 

Remainder

 

Definition
the quantity that remains after subtraction.
 
the portion of the dividend that is not evenly divisible by the divisor
Term

 

 

Round

Definition
the process of replacing a number by another number of approximately the same value but having fewer digits
Term

 

 

Significant digits

Definition

all the nonzero digits of a number and the zeros that are included between them or that are final zeros and signify accuracy

Term

 

 

Solution

Definition

 

the process of determining the answer to a problem.
 
the answer itself.
Term

 

 

Substitution Property

Definition
equality states that for any real numbers a and b if a = b then a can be substituted for b.
Term

 

 

Surface Area

Definition
the extent of a 2-dimensional surface enclosed within a boundary; "the area of a rectangle"; "it was about 500 square feet in area
Term

 

 

Terminating Decimal

Definition
a decimal numeral in which, after a finite number of decimal places, all succeeding place values are 0, as ⅛ = 0.125
Term

 

Truncate

Definition
  to shorten (a number) by dropping a digit or digits
Term

 

 

Undefined

Definition
without fixed limits; indefinite in form, extent, or application
Term

 

 

Variable

Definition
a specific character that takes the place of a missing number.
Term

 

 

Volume

Definition
a mass or quantity, especially a large quantity, of something
Term
Rhombus
Definition
a parallelogram in which all sides are congruent
Term
Kinds of Triangles by Sides
Definition

scalen

isosceles

equilateral

Term
Kinds of triangles by angles
Definition

obtuse

or

acute

or equilateral

Term
quotient
Definition
answer to a division problem
Term
product
Definition
answer to a multiplication problem
Term
factors
Definition
the numbers you multiply to get an answer called the product
Term

Surface area of a three dimensional figure such as:

 

cone

cylinder

rectangular prism

pyramid

Definition
This is found by adding all the areas of all the faces of a three dimensional figure.
Term
expression
Definition

a constant or number and a variable

 

An expression does not have an equal sign

 

 

3b  

 

4+ y

Term
area versus perimeter
Definition

perimeter: add lengths of sides of polygon, length

 

area: multiply, square units

Term
Measures of Central Tendency
Definition

mean: mean teachers add up the numbers and divide by the number of numbers

mode: occurs the most

median: the number in the middle AFTER use list them from least to greatest

range: largest number in set minus the smallest number

Term
distributive property
Definition

a ( b + c) = ab + ac

 

5( 3 + 4) = 15 + 20

 

=35

Term
associative property
Definition

a (bc) = (ab) c

 

(a + b) + c = a + (b + c)

Term
commutative property
Definition

6 x 7 = 7 x 6

 

ab = ba

Term
Importance of the remainder in a real life division problem
Definition

The remainder can be very important to think about when answering a word problem!

 

If you have 289 kids going on a field trip, and 40 kids can fit on a bus, how many buses do you need?

 

289/40 = 7 R 9

 

You need 8 buses! Why?

Term
capacity
Definition
the amount something can hold
Term
each
Definition
a key word that can mean multiply or divide in a word problem
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