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Math 242
Useful trig identities, newton's method, error bound formulas, and taylor series
18
Mathematics
Undergraduate 1
12/14/2009

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Cards

Term

Double-Angle Identity

 

 

 

sin(2X)

Definition

Double-Angle Identity

 

 

 

2sin(x)cos(x)

Term

Double-Angle Identities

 

 

 

cos(2x)

Definition

Double-Angle Identities

 

 

 

cos2(x)-sin2(x)
2cos2(x)-1

1-2sin2(x)

Term

Double-Angle Identities

 

 

tan(2x)

Definition

Double-Angle Identities

 

 

2tan(x)

1-tan2(x)

Term

Half-Angle Identities

 

 

sin2(x)

Definition

Half Angle Identities

 

 

1/2 (1-cos(2x))

Term

Half-Angle Identities

 

 

cos2(x)

Definition

Half-Angle Identities

 

 

1/2 (1+cos(2x))

Term

Addition Identities

 

 

sin(a+b)
sin(a-b)

Definition

Addition Identities

 

 

sin(a)cos(b) + sin(b)cos(a)

sin(a)cos(b) - sin(b)cos(a)

Term

Addition Identities

 

 

cos(a+b)
cos(a-b)

Definition

Addition Identities

 

 

cos(a)cos(b) - sin(a)sin(b)

cos(a)cos(b) + sin(a)sin(b)

(signs are opposite)

Term

Trig Integrals

 

 

∫tan(x)dx

Definition

Trig Integrals

 

 

ln|sec(x)| + C

Term

Trig Integrals

 

 

∫sec(x)dx

Definition

Trig Integrals

 

 

 

ln|sec(x) + tan(x)|

Term

Trig Identities

 

 

Pythagorean Identities

Definition

Trig Identities

 

sin2(x) + cos2(x) = 1

sec2(x) - 1 = tan2(x)

 

Term

Error Bounds

 

 

Simpson's Rule

Definition

Error Bound

 

 

|Sn| ≤ M(b - a)5

         180n4

 

when |f4(x)| ≤ M on [a,b]

Term

Error Bound

 

 

Trapezoid Rule

Definition

Error Bound

 

 

|Tn| ≤ M(b-a)3

        12 n2

 

when M ≥ |f "(x)| on [a,b]

Term

Error Bound

 

 

Taylor Polynomials

Definition

Error Bound

 

 

|Rn(x)| ≤ M |x-a|(n+1)

      (n+1)!

 

when |f (n+1)(x)| ≤ M

Term
Taylor Series


General Formula
Definition

Taylor Series

 

 

Tn = Σ f (n)(a)(x-a)n

             n!

Term

Taylor Series

 

 

Series Representation of ex

Definition

Taylor Series

 

 

xn

  n!

Term

Taylor Series

 

 

Series representation of cos(x)

Definition

Taylor Series

 

 

(-1)n(x)2n

(2n)!

Term

MacLaurin Series

 

 

General Form 

Definition

MacLaurin Series

 

 

∑f n(0)xn

    n!

Term

Geometric Series

 

 

General form and solution

Definition

Geometric Series

 

 

∑xn = 1/(1-x)

∑arn = a/(1-r)

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