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Definition
| cells and membranes resulting from fertilization of the ovum at any stage of prenatal development |
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| graafian follicle cells remaining after ovulation that produce estrogen and progesterone |
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Definition
| developing baby from the beginning of the 3rd week through the 8th week after conception |
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Definition
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| prenatal age of the developing baby, calculated from the date of conception AKA postconceptional age |
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Definition
| developing baby from 9 weeks after conception until birth |
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Term
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Definition
reproductive cell
female = ovum
male = spermatozoon |
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Definition
| prenatal age of the developing baby calculated from the first day of the woman's last menstrual period (usually 2 weeks longer than fertilization age) |
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Definition
| a small sac within the ovary that contains the maturing ovum |
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Term
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Definition
| reduction cell division in gametes that halves the number of chromosomes in each cell |
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Definition
| implantation of the fertilized ovum (zygote) in the uterine endometrium |
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Term
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Definition
| formation of gametes (ova) in the female |
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Term
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Definition
| body cells other than gametes or germ cells |
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Definition
| formation of male gametes (sperm) in the testes |
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Definition
| an agent that can cause defects in a developing baby during pregnancy |
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Definition
| the developing baby from conception through the first week of prenatal life |
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Term
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Definition
primary oocyte (46 chromosomes)
-first meiotic division
secondary oocyte (23 chromosomes) and first polar body
-2nd meiotic division begins but is suspended in cell division unless ovum is fertilized by sperm
mature ovum containing 23 chromosomes and 2nd polar body that degenerates |
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Term
| process of spermatogenesis |
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Definition
primary spermatocyte (46 chromosomes)
-1st meiotic division
secondary spermatocytes (2 containing 23 chromosomes each)
-spermatids (4 containing 23 chromosomes, 2 with X and 2 with Y)
-mature sperm |
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Term
| What is the purpose of gametogenesis? |
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Definition
| To produce ova and sperm that have half the full number of chromosomes, or 23 unpaired chromosomes. When an ovum and sperm unite at conception, the number is restored to 46 paired chromosomes. |
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Term
| How many mature ova can be produced by one primary oocyte? |
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Definition
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Term
| How many mature sperm can be produced from one primary spermatocyte? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the purpose of seminal fluid? |
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Definition
| It nourishes and protects the sperm from the acidic environment of the vagina |
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Term
| When does implantation (nidation) occur? |
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Definition
| It is a gradual process that occurs in the decidua between the 6th and 10th days after conception |
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Term
| Advantages of implantation in the upper uterus |
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Definition
- the upper uterus is richly supplied with blood for optimal fetal gas exchange and nutrition
-the uterine lining is thick in the upper uterus, preventing the placenta from attaching too deeply into the uterine muscle and facilitating easy expulsion of the placenta after full-term birth
- implantation in the upper uterus limits blood loss after birth because strong interlacing muscle fibers in this area compress open endometrial vessels after the placenta detaches |
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Term
| Why is the embryo particularly susceptible to damage from teratogens? |
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Definition
| the basic structure of all organ systems is established during the first 8 weeks of pregnancy. Teratogens during this period may cause major structural and functional damage to the developing organs |
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