Term
| In the normal infant respiration the chest and abdomen rise synchronously and breaths are.... |
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Definition
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Term
| What are 4 signs that an infant is experiencing resp distress |
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Definition
1. Nasal flaring
2. Diaphragmatic breathing
3. Chest retraction
4.persistent tachycardia |
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Term
| Average newborn heart rate for a sleeping infant |
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Definition
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Term
| Average newborn heart rate for an awake infant |
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Definition
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Term
| Typical heart rate for an infant when crying |
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Definition
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Term
| A newborn has ________ insulation |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are the blood vessels in an infancy located? |
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Definition
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Term
| What influences the temp regulation center in an infants brain and what is this center called |
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Definition
Hypothalamus
Changes in the environment alter the temperature of the blood |
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Term
| Do infants lose heat while voiding? |
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Definition
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Term
| Do infants lose body heat when they spit up? |
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Definition
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Term
| Newborns have __________ body surface ration than adults |
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Definition
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Term
| What position helps an infant guard against heat lost? |
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Definition
Fetal/ flexed
Same way we lay when we are cold! |
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Term
| How does the fetal position help prevent heat loss? |
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Definition
| Less body surface exposure to elements |
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Term
T/F
If I leave my newborn unswaddled for more than 5 minutes the will experience cold stress |
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Definition
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Term
| New parents often mistake this for a bruise on their newborns, causing them to be worried or upset if not explained |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Bluish-black area of pigmentation that can appear over any part of exterior surface, commonly on back and buttocks |
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Term
| What ethnics groups are Mongolian blue spots typically seen in |
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Definition
| Mediterranean, Latin American, Asian, African |
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Term
| Fine downy hair seen on term newborn |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
Nevus vasculosus, a type of capillary hemangioma
Remember.... V makes the shape of a strawberry |
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Term
|
Definition
Nevus flammeus, large capillary, often on face
Remember... Wine (alcohol) is FLAMable |
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Term
| The __________ maneuver is used to check for hip dysplasia in infant |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
Presence of extra digit
Remember poly means many |
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Term
T/F
Presence of an extra pinky is considered normal, while presence of an extra thumb requires further evaluation |
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Definition
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Term
| Deformity in which the foot turns inward and is fixed in a plantar-flexing position |
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Definition
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Term
| What position is a club foot fixed in |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Fusing of fingers and toes |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| Vasomotor instability, capillary stasis, high hemoglobin level |
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Term
| Appearance of slightly cyanotic hands and feet |
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Definition
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Term
| Is acrocyanosis a sign of distress or a normal finding? |
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Definition
| Normal within first 7-10 days |
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Term
| Erythema toxicum is also called |
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Definition
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Term
| Transient newborn rash that resembles flea bites |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Benign transient color change in newborns. Half the body us pale, half the body is ruddy or bluish red with a line of demarcation
Remember..... Makes me think of a clown costume, so I remember that Harley Quinn from batman kinda looks like a clown and it's the harlequin sign |
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Term
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Definition
| Cheeselike, whitish substance that serves as a protective covering |
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Term
| The most critical adjustment of a newborn at birth is the establishment of_______ |
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Definition
Respirations
Remember.... Whether it's an adult or infant AIRWAY IS ALWAYS FIRST |
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Term
| After establishing respirations ____________ is critical to newborn survival |
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Definition
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Term
| Infant relies on _________ immunity from the mother during the first 3 months if life |
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Definition
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Term
| What system changes markedly after the initiation of fetal respirations |
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Definition
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Term
| Why does the initiation of respirations effect the cardiovascular system |
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Definition
| Reduces pulmonary vascular resistance to the pulmonary blood flow and initiates chain of cardiac changes that support the cardiovascular system |
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Term
| Flow of heat from body surface to cooler ambient air |
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Definition
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Term
| How can heat loss thru convection be avoided for a newborn |
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Definition
| By keeping infants in an open bassinet wrapped to protect from the cold |
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Term
| Heat loss from body to cooler surface thru direct contact |
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Definition
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Term
| Heat loss that occurs when liquid is converted into vapor |
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Definition
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Term
| How does heat loss thru evaporation occur in infants |
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Definition
| Vaporization of moisture from the skin |
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Term
| Occurs from excessive heat loss |
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Definition
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|
Term
| _______ can cause a rise in infants temperature |
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Definition
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Term
| Stool that is greenish-yellow to yellowish-brown, that occurs by the third day after initiation of feeding |
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Definition
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Term
| What allows and infants PMI or apical pulse to be seen easily |
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Definition
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Term
T/F
Murmurs seen within the first few days of life have no pathological significance |
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Definition
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|
Term
T/F
A irregular heart rate past the first few hours does not need to be evaluated further |
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Definition
| False, a irregular hr past 1st few hours DOES need to be evaluated |
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Term
| Possible sign of congenital heart block |
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Definition
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Term
| The _____ count is high onthe date of birth but then declines rapidly |
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Definition
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Term
| What event at birth can result in an increase in hemoglobin and rbc count |
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Definition
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|
Term
| This lab value is virtually the same in newborns and in adults |
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Definition
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Term
| In a infant, clotting is sufficient to prevent hemorrhage unless _____ deficiency is significant |
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Definition
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|
Term
| A pediatrician should be notified to evaluate an infant that has not voided in _____ |
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Definition
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|
Term
Which baby voids more frequently in first 3 days ? Formula or breast fed?
Ezplain |
|
Definition
Formula void more
Breast fed void less because moms milk still has not come in yet- can lead to jaundice |
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Term
| _______ may be Uric acid crystal |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What could be a cause of blood spotting in a newborn diaper |
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Definition
| Withdraw of maternal hormones or circumcision |
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Term
| Weight loss from fluid loss can take ____ to regain |
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Definition
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|
Term
| What is jaundice associated with more frequently |
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Definition
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|
Term
| ________ occurs in 60% of term babies and 80% of preterm babies |
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Definition
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Term
| Rare complication if jaundice |
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Definition
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Term
| When is jaundice a cause for medical concern |
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Definition
| When jaundice occurs within first 24 hours or last past 7 days |
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Term
|
Definition
| Bilirubin induced brain dysfunction- rare but severe complication of jaundice |
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Term
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Definition
| Protein that lines the alveoli of the infants lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| Swelling of the tissues over the presenting part of the fetal head |
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Term
Which baby will have more lanugo at birth
A 30 week newborn i or a 40 week? |
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Definition
30.....
Begins to decrease at 36-40 weeks |
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Term
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Definition
| Newborn toes hyperextended and fan apart when the foot is stroked from heel to ball of foot |
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Term
|
Definition
| Firm hold of finger or object placed in Palm of newborn hand |
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Term
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Definition
| Elicited by startling the newborn, flexion of thighs and knees and hands that fan then clench as arms are thrown out, then brought together |
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Term
|
Definition
| Tendency to turn head and open lips to suck when one side of mouth is touched |
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Term
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Definition
| Elicited by inserting finger or nipple into the newborns mouth |
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Term
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Definition
Elicited when infants head is turned to one side, the arm and leg of that side extend while the extremities on the opposite side flex
Aka fencing position |
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Term
|
Definition
1 minute and 5 minutes in normal delivery
If infant is in distress of requires resuscitation then it in continually done every 5 minutes |
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|
Term
| Rapid assessment of newborns transition to extra uterine life |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| What areas does the apgar rate |
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Definition
Appearance
Pulse
Grimace
Activity
Respiratory |
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|
Term
| Why are neonate given ophthalmic prophylactic ointment |
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Definition
| To prevent gonorrhea and chlamidia infections |
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Term
| When assessing newborn clavicles, what would be an abnormal finding and what could it indicate |
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Definition
| Crepitant-like feeling and may indicate broken clavicle |
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Term
| Normal glucose finding in neonate |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Why are newborns given vitamin K |
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Definition
| Because they do not have the intestinal flora to produce this in the first week of life, helps with clotting |
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Term
| Normal findings on genitalia assessment of newborn |
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Definition
Female
Labia majora should be large and completely covered the clitoris and labia minora.
Genitalia may be darker than the surrounding skin.
A small amount of vaginal discharge is normal.
Male
At term the scrotum should be pendulous.
Genitalia may be dark brown.
Palpation of the scrotum determines if the testes have descended |
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Term
| Assessment of newborn integumentary |
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Definition
Marks on the skin should be documented, including location, size, and a general description.
Vernix
Lanugo
Milia
Erythema toxicum
Birthmarks
Marks from delivery |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Respiratory rate
Normal = 30-60/min w/ occasional brief periods of apnea (less than 15 sec)
quiet, shallow w/ an irregular pattern
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Term
| Describe good latch for breast feeding |
|
Definition
| Chin is pressed into breast; nsoe lightly touching. Baby's cheeks touch the breast. Lips are flanged out. Toungue cups the breast. Angle of baby's lips are about 120*. |
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Term
| How long should a infant remain in a rear facing car seat |
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Definition
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Term
| Where are heels sticks performed and what are some nursing interventions |
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Definition
Outer portion of the heel, not on the side but not in the middle either.
Warm the foot to increase circulation, may have to squeeze a little to get a good sample
Apply pressure and bandaid after procedure.
Over sucrose on pacifier to help with the pain or allow the child to nurse, or swaddle |
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Term
| Nursing interventions for phototherapy for jaundice treatment |
|
Definition
Infant must only wear a diaper
Done in incubator
Eyes must be covered
Important for parents to leave the infant under light for prescribed amount of time |
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|
Term
| When can a child drink whole milk |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| How can bottles be heated |
|
Definition
NEVER IN MICROWAVE
Use warm water in a cup or crockpot or bottle warmer |
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|
Term
| When should a Baby that is nursing be burped |
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Definition
After nursing on the 1st breast and again after nursing on the second breast.
Breasted babies may not need to burp as often as formula fed babies |
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| How and when is hep b vaccine given |
|
Definition
Given vastus lateralis within 12 hours of birth, mother signs consent for shot before birth
25 gauge needle
1/2 to 5/8 length |
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|
Term
| Nursing intervention for circumcision |
|
Definition
Vaseline gauze so diaper doesn't stick
Check voiding
If plastibell is used,takes about a week to fall off
Yellow stuff may develop on penis as it heals, this is normal |
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|
Term
|
Definition
Phenylketonuria (PKU) is a genetic disorder. It is routinely tested for during the first few days of life. It is a metabolic disorder
Federally mandated, parents can sign waiver |
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|
Term
| Are hearing screening required |
|
Definition
| Not federally, but they are Mississippi mandated |
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|
Term
| In what order should you suction a infant |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
BIG BABY over 4500 grams
Monitor glucose
May have problems in delivery with hematomas and shoulder displacement |
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|
Term
| Describe neural tube defects |
|
Definition
Meningiocyle or myelomeningiocyle
Portion of neural tube or spinal chord is outside of the body.
Cover in sterile soaked towels until infant can be transported to different hospital for surgery, |
|
|
Term
| What can prevent neural tube defects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Infant if diabetic mother |
|
|
Term
| Nursing intervention for IDM |
|
Definition
Check glucose more frequent, normal is 40-50
Do not give glucose water
Make sure feeding schedule and amount are correct |
|
|
Term
| Nursing interventions for cleft palate/ cleft lip |
|
Definition
Monitor intake/output
May have problems latching and sucking
Often caused by radiation, corticosteroid use, anticonvulsant medications, drug and alcohol abuse |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Small for gestational age |
|
|
Term
| Nursing interventions for SGA |
|
Definition
| Risk for fetal hypoxia, hypothermia, hypoglycemia, polycythemia, and aspiration |
|
|
Term
| What findings could be indicative of heart murmurs |
|
Definition
| Murmur past a few hours, central cyanosis, bradycardia |
|
|
Term
| When are RH factors a problem |
|
Definition
| When a mom is RH negative and babies father is RH positive |
|
|
Term
| What happens during pregnancy causing RH problems |
|
Definition
During pregnancy mom is exposed to babies blood and he body begins to develop antibodies to it,
Antibodies can begin to attack baby causing problems ranging from anemia to death |
|
|
Term
| Describe newborn sleep patterns |
|
Definition
Newborns sleep 16-17 hours a day, waking every 2-3 hours
If newborn sleeps thru feedings parents will need to wake to feed to avoid jaundice and weight loss |
|
|
Term
| Describe sleep patterns of as 6-8 week old |
|
Definition
| Began sleeping for shorter periods during the day and linger at night |
|
|
Term
| What are the 2 infant sleep states |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Deep sleep
Increased cell mitosis and replication
Lowered o2 consumption
Growth hormone released |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Aka light sleep, aka REM
Processing and recording information
Often linked to learning
Highest proportion of sleep and precedes awakening
Some body movement and eyelids may flutter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Drowsy
Quiet alert
Active alert
Crying |
|
|
Term
| Describe active alert state |
|
Definition
Infants eyes are open, but not as bright as in quiet alert and may have glazed appearance
And ore activity than in quiet alert |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Attentive to environment, focus attention on stimulus
Eyes bright and alert |
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