Term
| What are the sources of the colored atoms in purine biosynthesis? |
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Definition
| CO2, Glycine, Formate, Amide N of glutamine, Aspartate |
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Term
| What are the sources for the atoms comprising the pyrimidine ring structure? |
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Definition
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Term
| List the 7 main uses of nucleic acids and the types of RNA mainly associated with each |
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Definition
Information storage-RNA genomes;
Transport-mRNA;
Translation-tRNA;
Energy transduction- ATP, GTP, NADH, FADH2;
Catalysis-rRNA, catalytic introns, some riboswitches;
Cofactors/coenzymes-ATP, NAD, FAD;
Regulation-miRNA, riboswitches |
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Term
| What are palindromic sequences and what can they form? |
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Definition
| Nucleic acid sequence that is the same on its complementary strand when read 5' to 3' |
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Term
| What event starts initiation of replication of E. coli? |
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Definition
| Binding of ATP-bound DnaA proteins at R and I sites in the origin |
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Term
List the functions of the following proteins:
DnaB, DnaG, DNA pol III, DNA pol I, DNA ligase, DNA gyrase |
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Definition
DnaB- helicase that unwinds DNA
DnaG- primase that synthesizes RNA primer
DNA pol III- elongates DNA strnads
DNA pol I- DNA repair, excises primers, fills gaps
DNA ligase- repairs nicks
DNA gyrase- DNA topoisomerase III that relieves supercoiling |
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Term
| What do the proteins above form and in what organisms? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a replicable piece of genome that is often organized into a compact structure with proteins |
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Term
| What is a regulatory sequence? |
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Definition
| a segment of DNA where regulatory proteins bind preferentially and ultimately control gene expression |
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Term
| List the classes of topoisomerases and describe what each one does. |
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Definition
Type I- breaks down one DNA strand to change Lk by 1
Type 2- breaks down both DNA strands to change Lk by 2 |
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Term
| Why are nucleotide biosynthesis pathways useful in treating cancer? |
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Definition
| It serves as a target to fight cancer cancer cells use these pathways to provide enough nucleotides for replication |
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