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Mastery Quiz 6
N/A
13
Biochemistry
Undergraduate 4
04/14/2011

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Cards

Term
List the 2 main groups of mechanisms of enzyme regulators. Indicate which group typically has a faster impact on enzymatic activity.
Definition
Synthesis/degradation of enzymes;
Direct interactions- these have a faster impact on enzymatic activity
Term
Define metabolic regulation. Define metabolic control.
Definition
reg: regulatory process that maintain homeostasis at the molecular level
con: regulatory processes that change/control flux through a pathway or group of pathways
Term
Which enzymatic steps are typically points of regulation in metabolism? What cofactor is often used in these enzymatic steps?
Definition
Reactions that are far from equilibrium; ATP
Term
Define monosaccharides and polysaccharides.
Definition
Mono: single polyhydroxyl aldehyde or ketone unit
Poly: a polymer of 20 or more monosaccharides
Term
List 3 types of eukaryotic glycoconjugates.
Definition
Proteoglycan
Glycoprotein
Glycolipids
Term
What is a lectin?
Definition
a protein that binds a carbohydrate
Term
Define fermentation.
Definition
A process of deriving energy from the degradation of organic compounds, where the final electron acceptor is an organic compound, not O2.
Term
What are the phases of glycolysis? How many ATP are consume or produced in each phase?
Definition
Preparatory phase: consumes 2 ATP
Payoff phase: pays off 4 ATP
Term
What is the fate of pyruvate in an anaerobic yeast cell? In an anaerobic muscle cell?
Definition
Yeast: 2 ethanol and 2 CO2
Muscle: 2 lactate
Term
What molecular interactions must often dictate specificity or carbohydrate binding in a protein?
Definition
Hydrophobic, ionic, and H-bonds
Term
What is the left sugar? What monosaccharides is it made of? Why is it more stable than the right sugar?
Definition
Sucrose; it is made from glucose and fructose; it's not a reducing sugar
Term
Which step(s) in a pathway are typically regulated and why?
Definition
First step of a pathway;
Term
Why doesn't hexokinase commit glucose to glycolysis? What does it commit glucose to?
Definition
It is used in other pathways, glucose 6-phosphate feeds into other pathways as well, it keeps it in the cell
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