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| Laswell's one way model of communication |
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| Who communicator -> Says what message -> In which channel medium -> To whom -> With what effect> |
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| The response to a given communication |
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| In mass communication process, feedback is typically indirect rather than direct; that is, it is inferential |
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| Groups with specific, but not dominant cultures |
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| technological determinism |
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| The idea that machines and their development drive economic an cultural change |
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| The process of creating shared meaning between the mass media and their audiences |
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| Learned behavior of members of a social group |
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| The ability to effectively and efficiently comprehend and utilize mass media. It reflects the ability to access, analyze, evaluate, and create messages across a variety of concepts |
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| The common attitude that others are influenced by media messages but that we are not |
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| In media content, certain distinctive, standardized style elements of individual genres |
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| The means of delivering a specific piece of media content |
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| Simultaneously consuming many different kinds of media |
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| Concentration of ownership |
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| Ownership of media companies is increasingly concentrated in fewer and fewer hands |
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| A media system whose operation is dominated by a few large companies |
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| Ownership of media companies by multinational corporations |
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| audiences for specific media content are becoming more narrowly defined; the audience itself is less of a mass audience |
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| Increasing the amount of advertising and mixing commercial and noncommercial content |
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When two or more separate technologies/media merge into one that offers both.
It is fueled by three elements: (1) Digitization of nearly all info (2)high-speed connectivity (3) advances in technology's speed, memory, and power |
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| high frequencies reflect, or skip, off the ionosphere, producing sky waves that can travel vast distances |
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| illegal or unlicensed broadcast operations frequently operated by revolutionary groups or intelligence agencies for political purposes |
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| clandestine broadcast operations functioning from inside the regions to which they transmit |
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| clandestine broadcast operations functioning from outside the regions to which they transmit |
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| unlicensed or otherwise illegally operated broadcast stations |
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| international broadcasting operation established by one country to substitute for another's own domestic service |
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| Study of different countries/ mass media systems |
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| Recouped money England spent waging French and Indian War. Mandated that all printing be done on paper stamped with the government's seal. Used to control and limit expression and allowed authorities to go anywhere and check people's things |
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| Tech that allowed the mechanical rather than manual setting type of print |
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| late 19th century advance making possible printing from photographic plates rather than from metal casts |
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| possessing the ability to read but be unwilling to do so |
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| unsold copies of books returned to the publisher by bookstores to be sold at a great discount |
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| platform agnostic publishing |
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| digital and hardcopy books available for any and all reading devices |
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| An industry characterized by small operations closely identified with there personnel |
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| the sale of a book, its contents, even its characters to outside interests, such as filmmakers |
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