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| A list of stories that the media choose to bring to the audience's attention and therefore set the agenda for discussion. Controlling what issues come to public attention. |
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| Indian film industry based in Bombay. |
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| Violence that occurs as a result of copying something that is seen in the media. |
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| Occurs where different types of media - e.g. radio and TV stations - are owned by the same company. |
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| The view that the media are powerful in so far as they link up with other agents of socialisation to encourage particular ways of making sense of the world. |
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| The process by which, through repeated exposure to media violence, people come to accept violent behaviour as normal. |
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| When the action of the rule enforcers or media in response to deviance brings about an increase in the deviance. |
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| An approach based on the hypodermic syringe model which believes that the media have direct effects on their audience. |
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| The outcome of intensive advertising that persuades people that a particular consumer item is vital to their social well-being despite it being potentially harmful in the long term. |
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| Groups seen by the media as evil and a threat to the moral well-being of society. |
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| People within the media who have the power to let some news stories through and stop others. |
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| Cultural forms, such as opera, that are associated with high-status or elite sections of society and considered 'superior' to other forms of culture. |
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| The view that the media are very powerful and the audience very weak. The media can 'inject' their messages into the audience, who accept them uncritically. |
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| McDonaldisation (the mass media) |
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| The idea that American culture has overwhelmed other national cultures - literally that McDonald's has taken over the world. |
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| The result of smaller media companies merging, or being bought up by larger companies, to form a small number of very large companies. |
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| A company that owns various types of media. |
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| Public concern, created by the media, about the behaviour of certain groups of people who are seen as a threat to the moral order and stability of society. |
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| Assumptions that guide journalists and editors when selecting news items. |
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| Preferred (or dominant) reading |
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| The intended messages contained within the text. |
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| Research that focuses on the way individuals make meanings from media messages. |
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| The way in which people are portrayed by the media. |
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| A typical or 'shorthand' picture of a certain group. |
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| An interpretation of a media text that modifies the intended (preferred) reading so that it fits with the audience member's own views. |
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| An interpretation of a media text that rejects its intended (preferred) reading. |
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| Uses and gratifications model |
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| The view that people use the media for their own purposes. |
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| Owning all the stages in the production, distribution and consumption of a product. |
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